Global ETD Search

1	Um olhar sobre os modelos matemáticos da música Misura, Camilo January 2015 (has links) Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rodney Carlos Bassanezi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional, 2015. / Nesta dissertação são abordadas as relações e modelos matemáticos existentens na música. Enunciando as noções de acústica e psicofísica para explicar o som. São utlizada as Funções Periódicas e Teoria de Fourier para construir as relações de harmônicos. A partir de conhecimentos físicos sobre mecânica, faz-se a construção de modelos matemáticos para explicar o comportamento dos instrumentos de cordas, sopro e membranas (percussão), utilizando equações diferenciais. Estuda-se as relações entre os comprimentos de corda, as notas musicais e as escalas musicais, mostrando três escalas historicamente relevantes (Pitagórica, Justa e Temperada). Conhecendo-as, é possível perceber as relações modulares que elas possuem. É feita a construção algebrica que justifica a aritmética modular para classificar a escala cromática (escala de 12 semitons) e apresentadas as transformações geométricas no plano, além de como elas são usadas em composições. Ao término é sugerida uma atividade didática com o intuito de enriquecer a prática escolar na educação básica, usando a música no ensino de Funções Trigonométricas. / This Master Thesis studies the mathematical relations and models in music. Setting out the acoustics and psycho-physical notions in order to explain sound. Using periodic functions and Fourier theory to build relationships of Harmonics. From physical knowledge about mechanics, mathematical models are built to explain the behavior of string instruments, wind and membranes (percussion) using differential equations. It studies the relationships between the lengths of rope, musical notes and musical scales showing three scales historically relevant (Pythagorean, Just and Equally tempered). Knowing them, it is possible to understand the modular relationships they display. The algebraic construction that justifies the modular arithmetic is made to classify the chromatic scale (scale of 12 semitones) and the geometric transformations on plane are shown and its uses on composition. At the end, it is suggested a didactic activity in order to enrich school teaching practice in basic education, using music and sine waves. MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS ANÁLISE DE FOURIER MÚSICA MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOURIER THEORY Music
2	Laser beam interaction with materials for microscale applications Nowakowski, Krzysztof A. 12 December 2005 (has links) "Laser micromachining is essential in todayâ€™s advanced manufacturing, of e.g., printed circuit boards and electronic components, especially laser microdrilling. Continued demands for miniaturization, in particular of high-performance MEMS components, have generated a need for smaller holes and microvias as well as smaller and more controllable spot-welds than ever before. All these neeeds require smaller taper of the microholes and more stable and controlled laser micromachining process than currently available. Therefore considerable attention must be focused on the laser process parameters that control critical specifications such as accuracy of the hole size as well as its shape and taper angle, all of which highly influence quality of the laser micromachining processes. Determination of process parameters in laser micromachining, however, is expensive because it is done mostly by trial and error. This Dissertation attempts to reduce the experimental time and cost associated with establishing the process parameters in laser micromachining by employing analytical, computational, and experimental solutions (ACES) methodology." laser beam characteristics heat transfer hole profile MEMS hole formation laser micromachining laser microdrilling plasma effects numerical calculations analytical solutions silicon 304 stainless steel Fourier theory lattice-phonon vibration Microelectromechanical systems Laser beams
3	Computational analysis of wide-angle light scattering from single cells Pilarski, Patrick Michael 11 1900 (has links) The analysis of wide-angle cellular light scattering patterns is a challenging problem. Small changes to the organization, orientation, shape, and optical properties of scatterers and scattering populations can significantly alter their complex two-dimensional scattering signatures. Because of this, it is difficult to find methods that can identify medically relevant cellular properties while remaining robust to experimental noise and sample-to-sample differences. It is an important problem. Recent work has shown that changes to the internal structure of cells---specifically, the distribution and aggregation of organelles---can indicate the progression of a number of common disorders, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative disease, and can also predict a patient's response to treatments like chemotherapy. However, there is no direct analytical solution to the inverse wide-angle cellular light scattering problem, and available simulation and interpretation methods either rely on restrictive cell models, or are too computationally demanding for routine use. This dissertation addresses these challenges from a computational vantage point. First, it explores the theoretical limits and optical basis for wide-angle scattering pattern analysis. The result is a rapid new simulation method to generate realistic organelle scattering patterns without the need for computationally challenging or restrictive routines. Pattern analysis, image segmentation, machine learning, and iterative pattern classification methods are then used to identify novel relationships between wide-angle scattering patterns and the distribution of organelles (in this case mitochondria) within a cell. Importantly, this work shows that by parameterizing a scattering image it is possible to extract vital information about cell structure while remaining robust to changes in organelle concentration, effective size, and random placement. The result is a powerful collection of methods to simulate and interpret experimental light scattering signatures. This gives new insight into the theoretical basis for wide-angle cellular light scattering, and facilitates advances in real-time patient care, cell structure prediction, and cell morphology research. light scattering computational analysis pattern analysis pattern recognition cytometry machine learning image processing image analysis single cells optics medical diagnostics lab on a chip wide-angle light scattering shape recognition biomedical image analysis fourier theory fourier transform cellular optics optical simulation scattering simulation inverse scattering problem inverse analysis computational intelligence mitochondria cell morphology cancer scattering theory iterative methods generate and test reverse monte carlo image parameterization structure prediction 3D structure prediction computer science computer engineering electrical engineering
4	Computational analysis of wide-angle light scattering from single cells Pilarski, Patrick Michael Unknown Date No description available. light scattering computational analysis pattern analysis pattern recognition cytometry machine learning image processing image analysis single cells optics medical diagnostics lab on a chip wide-angle light scattering shape recognition biomedical image analysis fourier theory fourier transform cellular optics optical simulation scattering simulation inverse scattering problem inverse analysis computational intelligence mitochondria cell morphology cancer scattering theory iterative methods generate and test reverse monte carlo image parameterization structure prediction 3D structure prediction computer science computer engineering electrical engineering

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