It has been shown that nearly one quarter of a population is affected by a disability which influences their interaction with the built environments, other individuals, and evacuation policies inhibiting their exit ability during an emergency evacuation. It is predicted that the number of individuals with a disability is on the rise. In the 21st century alone, there have been hundreds of events attributed to stampede or crowd crush, natural disaster, political revolt, terrorism, and other related emergencies. With an increase in the world's population, understanding emergency evacuations and how to best apply them is of growing importance. While research has investigated how crowds interact and evacuate, very little has been investigated in the impacts of how the disabled change an evacuation. While there are some beginnings to affect modeling with heterogeneous behaviors of disabled, little has been known in the analysis of crowds involving individuals with disabilities. There is a need to understand and model such interaction and how it impacts crowd movement. This dissertation implements and develops a novel video tracking system to study heterogeneous crowds with individuals with disabilities towards conducting a large-scale crowd experiment. A large-scale crowd experiment is conducted and the results are analyzed through a developed analysis graphical user interface for use with crowd dynamics experts. Preliminary results of the large-scale crowd experiment demonstrate differences in the velocities and overtaking perception of various groups with disabilities composed of the visually impaired, individuals with motorized and non-motorized wheelchairs, individuals with roller walkers, and individuals with canes or other stamina impairments. This dissertation uses these results to present a hybrid Social Force model that can capture the overall overtake behavior of the empirical data from our crowd experiments. Finally, future research goals are discussed in the eventual development of a Mass Pedestrian Evacuation system for crowds with individuals with disabilities. Lessons from this dissertation are discussed towards goals of crowd control.

In the last two decades, duration analysis has been largely applied to fixed - income securities . However, since rising and falling interest rates have been determined to be a major cause of stock price movements, equity duration has received a great deal of attention. The duration of an equity is a measure of its interest rate risk. Duration is the sensitivity of the price of an equity with respect to the interest rate. Convexity is the sensitivity of duration with respect to the interest rate. The analysis revealed that the fractional price change and market risk of equities can be explained by duration and convexity.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第18170号 / 医博第3890号 / 新制||医||1003(附属図書館) / 31028 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 増永 慎一郎, 教授 小川 修, 教授 富樫 かおり / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第19121号 / 情博第567号 / 新制||情||100(附属図書館) / 32072 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科複雑系科学専攻 / (主査)教授 木上 淳, 教授 磯 祐介, 教授 西村 直志 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第19467号 / 理博第4127号 / 新制||理||1594(附属図書館) / 32503 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)准教授 高村 茂, 教授 上 正明, 教授 加藤 毅 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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In this dissertation, a new numerical method for solving the fractional dynamical systems, is presented. We first introduce Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator for hybrid functions. Then we will show the spectral accuracy of the present method for solving fractional-order differential equations, and we will extend the present method for solving nonlinear fractional integro-differential equations, fractional Bagley-Torvik equation, distributed order fractional differential equations, two-dimensional fractional partial differential equations, and fractional optimal control problems. In all cases, we will show the rate of convergence is more than some existing numerical methods which were used to solve these kind of problems in the literature. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.

This thesis focuses on the design of linear precoding schemes for downlink multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks. These schemes are designed to be amenable to implementation in wireless networks that allow rate-limited feedback of channel state information (CSI). In the first half of this thesis, memoryless quantization codebooks are designed and incremental vector quantization techniques are developed for the representation of CSI in MIMO point-to-point links and isolated (single-cell) downlink networks. The second half of the thesis seeks to design linear precoding schemes for the multi-cell downlink networks that can achieve improved performance without requiring significantly more communication resources for CSI feedback than those required in the case of an isolated single-cell. For the quantization problem, smooth optimization algorithms are developed for the design of codebooks that possess attractive features that facilitate their implementation in practice in the addition to having good quantization properties. As one example, the proposed approach is used to design rank-2 codebooks that have a nested structure and elements from a phase-shift keying (PSK) alphabet. The designed codebooks have larger minimum distances than some existing codebooks, and provide tangible performance gains. To take advantage of temporal correlation that may exist in the wireless channel, an incremental approach to the Grassmannian quantization problem is proposed. This approach leverages existing codebooks for memoryless quantization schemes and employs a quantized form of geodesic interpolation. Two schemes that implement the principles of the proposed approach are presented. A distinguishing feature of the proposed approach is that the direction of the geodesic interpolation is specified implicitly using a point in a conventional codebook. As a result, the approach has an inherent ability to recover autonomously from errors in the feedback path. In addition to the development of the Grassmannian quantization techniques and codebooks, this thesis studies linear precoder design for the downlink MIMO networks in the cases of small networks of arbitrary topology and unbounded networks that have typical architectures. In particular, a linear precoding scheme for the isolated 2-cell network that achieves the optimal spatial degrees of freedom of the network is proposed. The implementation of a limited feedback model for the proposed linear precoding scheme is developed as well. Based on insight from that model, other linear precoding schemes that can be implemented in larger networks, but with finite size, are developed. For unbounded networks of typical architecture, such as the hexagonal arrangement of cells, linear precoding schemes that exploit the partial connectivity of the network are presented under a class of precoding schemes that is referred to as spatial reuse precoding. These precoding schemes provide substantial gains in the achievable rates of users in the network, and require only local feedback. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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A new architecture for a frequency synthesizer with adjustable output frequency range and channel spacing is introduced. It is intended for the generation of closely spaced frequency channels in the GHz range while producing minimal spurious phase noise components. The architecture employs two independent phase-locked loops that are driven in cascade by a single reference oscillator. The approach provides fine resolution and wide bandwidth as well as low phase noise and should find application in many contemporary communication systems. The synthesizer can be operated in either of two different modes: nonfractional and mini-denominator fractional modes. The architecture produces no fractional spurs in the first mode and relatively small phase spurs when operated in the second mode. For example, in an application to a P-GSM 900 system, it is capable of tuning from 890 – 915 MHz with a channel spacing of 200 kHz and shows worst case phase spurs of -100 dBc at an offset frequency of 833 kHz. Because of the low magnitude and location of the worst case spurs, the phase-locked loop filters can be designed with a wide bandwidth which in turn results in a fast settling time. A linear frequency-switching settling time (to 0.01% of frequency increments) of 128 μs is typical in the P-GSM 900 application.