This paper is concerned with the problem of computing approximate D-optimal design for polynomial regression with analytic weight function on the interval [m_0-a,m_0+a]. It is shown that the problem of constructing D-optimal designs for weighted polynomial regression is equivalent to that of finding D-optimal designs for polynomial regression with weight function |x|^s on the interval [-1,1] as a to 0. By using Taylor expansion we provide a recursive algorithm such that the D-optimal designs for weighted polynomial regression on a neighborhood of m_0 can be determined.

Management development is a long term project set for the employees who are managers or have great potential to be managers in an organization. The purpose of it is to improve employee¡¦s ability and organization¡¦s performance. Taking the functional approach on which the competency model method was based, this study utilized job analysis, structured interview, and survey to explore the needs of management development for a steel company. Manager¡¦s major managerial activities were investigated first followed by identifying the abilities needed to accomplish each of the activities. Accordingly, this study proposed the required training in conjunction with the promotion path. The results indicated that the crucial management competencies needed to be developed for the (1) top level managers was planning, (2) middle level managers were analysis and planning, and (3) operational level managers were oral communication, coordination, planning, leadership, control, and analysis. The findings of this study not only provide an empirical basis on which promotion decisions could be made in identifying whether the candidates possess the required management competencies, but also provide a practical guideline for the organization¡¦s training needs of management development.

This thesis investigates lexical simplification as a translation universal and how it is accounted for in the English-to-French legal translation of Latinisms. Within descriptive and functional approaches to translation, this thesis reveals that Latinisms are reproduced when they are accepted and not lexicalized in the target language or substituted by functional and semantic equivalents of the target language or system. It is posited that the lexical simplification of ST Latinisms as rendered by the English-to-French legal translator is dictated by system-specific, convention-specific, function-specific rather than translationspecific features. Of all corpus texts, source-text English uses the most Latinisms, but the French translators, unlike the non-translated French producers, tend to use Latinisms to a higher extent. Lexical simplification is hypothesized as viable when languages of similar sociolinguistic and lexical power and equal status render differently the lexical entities of the source text in simplified target text (compared to its non-translation similar text).

Orientador: Virginia Sanches Uieda / Resumo: Macroinvertebrados bentônicos são comumente utilizados como bioindicadores da qualidade do habitat em riachos. Estes estudos podem ser realizados através de uma abordagem taxonômica ou funcional da comunidade. Na abordagem funcional, a classificação em grupos funcionais de alimentação (FFG - Functional Feeding Groups) baseia-se nos mecanismos de apreensão do alimento e nos recursos consumidos. O estudo teve o objetivo de verificar o efeito de alterações na mata ripária sobre a estrutura dos FFG em comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos. Estudamos 36 riachos, separados em três tipos de entorno: com mata ripária nas duas margens (florestado), com mata em uma das margens e pastagem na outra (intermediário) e sem mata nas duas margens (pastagem). A análise das variáveis ambientais indicou uma diferenciação dos riachos florestados e da maioria dos intermediários devido a maiores valores de material alóctone e oxigênio dissolvido e menores de vegetação nas margens e substrato fino, quando comparados aos de pastagem. A análise da abundância da fauna em cada FFG indicou uma diferença entre entornos somente para coletores, com valores significativamente menores nos florestados quando comparados aos de pastagem e intermediários. Já a análise aplicada aos dados de presença-ausência mostrou diferença entre entornos somente para os predadores, indicando diferença significativa na composição entre riachos florestados e de pastagem. A análise da diferenciação dos entornos considerando... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Benthic macroinvertebrates are commonly used as bioindicators of the habitat quality in streams. These studies may be carried out through analyzes with taxonomic or functional approach of the assemblage. In the functional approach, the classification of macroinvertebrates into Functional Feeding Groups (FFG) is based on the mechanisms of food´s apprehension and the resources consumed. This study aimed to verify the effect of the changes in riparian forest upon the structure of FFG in assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates. We studied 36 streams, separated in three types of land use: with riparian forest on both banks (forest), with forest on one of the banks and pasture on another (intermediate) and without forest on both banks (pasture). The analysis of environmental variables showed a differentiation of the forest and most of the intermediate streams due to high values of allochthonous material and dissolved oxygen and low amounts of vegetation on the banks and unconsolidated substrate, when compared to pasture streams. The analysis of the abundance of the fauna in each FFG indicated a difference between types of land use only for gathering collectors, with significantly low abundance in forested streams when compared to pasture and intermediate ones. On the other hand, analysis applied to the presence-absence data showed distinction between land uses only for predators, indicating significant difference in the composition of forest and pasture streams. The analysis of t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This thesis investigates lexical simplification as a translation universal and how it is accounted for in the English-to-French legal translation of Latinisms. Within descriptive and functional approaches to translation, this thesis reveals that Latinisms are reproduced when they are accepted and not lexicalized in the target language or substituted by functional and semantic equivalents of the target language or system. It is posited that the lexical simplification of ST Latinisms as rendered by the English-to-French legal translator is dictated by system-specific, convention-specific, function-specific rather than translationspecific features. Of all corpus texts, source-text English uses the most Latinisms, but the French translators, unlike the non-translated French producers, tend to use Latinisms to a higher extent. Lexical simplification is hypothesized as viable when languages of similar sociolinguistic and lexical power and equal status render differently the lexical entities of the source text in simplified target text (compared to its non-translation similar text).

[pt] A identificação da função que constitui aspecto-chave para a formação da atitude a respeito de um determinado produto possui implicação direta no estudo do comportamento do consumidor e na prática do marketing. Considerando educação a distância como um produto, com importância crescente dentro do setor econômico em que está inserido, foi realizado um levantamento junto aos estudantes dos cursos presenciais de pós-graduação em administração de empresas (Especialização Master, Mestrado Profissional e Mestrado Acadêmico) de conceituada instituição de ensino superior da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Com base na abordagem funcional das atitudes, conforme definida pelo psicólogo Daniel Katz, a principal função para a formação da atitude a respeito desse produto foi identificada por uma amostra de 120 respondentes da pesquisa, após análise quantitativa dos dados através de estatística básica e de análise de fator. / [en] The identification of the main function related to the attitude about a product has direct involvement on the study of the consumer behavior and marketing management. It was made a survey among on-site students of postgraduate courses in business administration of an outstanding University in Rio de Janeiro, considering distance education as a product with a growing importance into the educational industry. Based on the functional approach to attitudes, as defined by the psychologist Daniel Katz, the main function related to the attitude about that product was identified by the sample of 120 people who answered the survey, after quantitative analysis of the data, by using basic statistics and factor analysis.

The growth of the Church in Africa, namely at numerical level 1 is tremendous. However, we notice that her impact on society and public life is not so visible as the growth is, since Christian values are embodied by Christians. Yet, the Church has huge human resources1 pastors, missionaries, lay leaders and theologians. The challenge for the Church in Africa is to incarnate and inculturate these values and the living message of the Gospel. In this thesis we question the co-operation between the Church and mission agencies, between native pastors and western missionaries. We notice that since 150 years, there has been a huge gap between these two entities. This is due to the fact that Theology and Missiology look like two lines that never meet. This situation leads us to revisit not only the current paradigm Church-Mission but also the current link between Theology and Missiology. We propose the following theses: 1. Theology is mission-centered. The goal of Theology is to extend the Kingdom of God by the prodamatlon of the Gospel so that every nation (ethne) may be represented in the Kingdom, and by the communication of Christian values so that a new society or a new civilisation may emerge and may take over the current and corrupted society. 2. To explore the Biblical data on Church and Mission, the only ontological approach appears to be limited, therefore the functional approach must be added. The right question is not only “What the Church Is" but also "For what the Church Is" 3. The local Church is the representation of the Universal Church in a given location. This local church is culturally rooted. Cultural plurality is a sine qua non condition for the Universal Church. 4. The local Church is the basis of mission. The basic reflections on mission must take place within the local Church, at the grass root level. All human resources, from mission agencies and para-church organisation are accountable to the local Church. 5. The major themes of healing, liberation and identity are at the core of the Gospel. Theologians must articulate these themes in their discourse. 6. Co-operation between local Churches, or within a duster of local Churches, gives opportunities to succeed in term of mission since no local Church can do mission alone.

Submitted by Diego Minucelli Garcia null (diego@sjrp.unesp.br) on 2017-06-29T13:20:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Final_Diego.pdf: 1210660 bytes, checksum: ca043423b95c9628ba83d5fd5d70563c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-06-30T13:25:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_dm_me_sjrp.pdf: 1210660 bytes, checksum: ca043423b95c9628ba83d5fd5d70563c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T13:25:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_dm_me_sjrp.pdf: 1210660 bytes, checksum: ca043423b95c9628ba83d5fd5d70563c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-07 / A partir de uma abordagem cognitivo-funcional, baseada principalmente em Goldberg (1995, 2006), Croft (2001), Bybee (2003, 2010), Traugott (2012) e Traugott e Trousdale (2013), investiga-se neste trabalho, em uma perspectiva sincrônica, a mudança construcional e o funcionamento da locução conjuntiva ((n)a) hora (em) que como introdutora de orações hipotáticas temporais em português. Os dados da pesquisa foram extraídos do Banco de dados Iboruna, representativo da fala da região Noroeste paulista. Para este estudo, a base teórica é o modelo da Gramática de Construções (GOLDBERG, 1995; CROFT, 2001), que reconhece que a forma básica de uma estrutura sintática é uma construção, formada por um pareamento de forma e de função, essa última entendida em termos semânticos e pragmático-discursivos (CROFT, 2001). As hipóteses que orientam as análises feitas são as de que: i) em termos semânticos e morfossintáticos, ((n)a) hora (em) que seguiria o padrão das orações temporais prototípicas, marcadas por quando; ii) no português atual, ((n)a) hora (em) que estaria em processo de mudança construcional, que se verificaria principalmente por variação, tanto formal quanto funcional, ligada à construção; e iii) as diferentes formas de ((n)a) hora (em) que (na hora em que, na hora que, a hora que, hora que) refletiriam diferentes graus de mudança construcional da locução. Os resultados demonstram que a construção de fato se encontra em processo de mudança construcional, revelado por diferentes graus de produtividade, esquematicidade e composicionalidade da forma (TRAUGOTT; TROUSDALE, 2013). A partir de comparação com dados da conjunção quando, verifica-se que ((n)a) hora (em) que apresenta as mesmas propriedades constitutivas do conectivo temporal prototípico, comportamento que sustenta sua inclusão no sistema gramatical português como conectivo introdutor de espaços mentais temporais (FAUCONNIER, 1994, 2007). No entanto, a locução conjuntiva também apresenta diferenças em relação à quando, como a maior frequência de uso para introduzir eventos pontuais e eventos em textos do tipo relato de procedimento. Esses resultados indicam que ((n)a) hora (em) que exibe um grau de especialização que justifica a preferência dos falantes pela locução conjuntiva, em vez de quando. Além disso, na análise das formas alternantes da construção, os resultados indicam comportamento distinto de hora que em relação às outras formas, o que leva a considerar que essa forma, com apagamento da preposição em e do determinante a, se encontra em um estágio mais avançado do processo de mudança construcional do que as outras formas da construção. Com base nos resultados obtidos, propõe-se uma hierarquia construcional de ((n)a) hora (em) que, que tem como macroconstrução o esquema [Ncircunstancial que], forma abstrata mais genérica cuja instância intermediária, na condição de mesoconstrução, é [(prep) (art) Ntemporal (prep) que]. / From the cognitive-functional approach, based mainly on Goldberg (1995, 2006), Croft (2001), Bybee (2003, 2010), Traugott (2012) and Traugott and Trousdale (2013), this research investigates, in a synchronic perspective, the constructional change and the functioning of conjunctive phrase ((n)a) hora (em) que as an introducer of temporal hypotaxis clauses in Portuguese. The data of the research were extracted from the Iboruna database, representative of the speech of the Northwest region of the São Paulo state. For this study, the theoretical basis is the Construction Grammar model (GOLDBERG, 1995; CROFT, 2001), which recognizes that the basic form of a syntactic structure is a construction, formed by a pairing of form and meaning, the latter understood in semantic and pragmatic-discursive terms (CROFT, 2001). The hypotheses that guide the analysis in this dissertation are: i) in semantic and morphosyntactic terms, ((n)a) hora (em) que follows the pattern of prototypical temporal sentences, marked by quando; ii) in current Portuguese, ((n)a) hora (em) que is in process of constructional change, which is verified mainly by variation related to the construction, both formal and functional ; iii) the different forms of ((n)a) hora (em) que (na hora em que, na hora que, a hora que, hora que) reflect different degrees of constructional change of the phrase. Indeed the results show that the construction is in process of constructional change, revealed by different degrees of productivity, schematicity, and compositionality (TRAUGOTT; TROUSDALE, 2013). From the comparison with the data of conjunction quando, it is verified that conjunctive phrase ((n)a) hora (em) que has the same properties of the prototypical temporal connective, a behavior that corroborates its inclusion in the Portuguese grammatical system as a connective introducer of temporal mental spaces (FAUCONNIER, 1994, 2007). However, the conjunctive phrase also presents differences in relation to quando, as high frequency of use to introduce punctual events in texts of the type of procedures report. These results indicate that the construction ((n)a) hora (em) que presents a degree of specialization that justifies the preference of the speakers for this phrase, instead of quando. Moreover, in the analysis of the forms of construction, the results indicate a different behavior of na hora que in comparison to the other forms of the phrase, which leads us to consider that this form, with omission of preposition em and the determinant a, is at a more advanced stage of the constructional change process than other forms of the construction. Based on the results, a constructional hierarchy of ((n)a) hora (em) que is proposed, having the scheme [Ncircunstancial que] as macroconstruction, the abstract form more generic whose intermediate instance, in the condition of mesoconstruction, is [(prep) (art) Ntemporal (prep) que].

Cultural adaptation and free translation strategies are more common to use within the field of video game localization although they are still not recommended too veruse in translation studies. Free translation strategies are commonly used invideo game localization to make video games ready for a targeted audience. As free translation is mostly target-oriented in video game localization, the original source text often loses its meaning because of culturally adapting and modifying the text to fit to the target culture. This study aims to analyze 10 chosen cutscenes of the video game Lost Judgement, to find how frequently cultural adaptation and free translation strategies were used for pragmatic (proper names, cultural termsand expressions, allusion) and interlingual (regional dialect and slang) translation problems and how these problems were solved. The result and analysis of the study demonstrate examples of these translation problems within chosen cutscenes. The examples prove that depending on translation problems, both free translation and cultural adaptation can be used in combination with a literal word-for-word translation strategy. It also indicates that the video localization of Lost Judgement implied to use both domestication and foreignization approaches to achieve a higher satisfaction for the players of the game who can choose their favorite version. Another important factor was that the localization of the videogame focused on a functional approach whose purpose was to keep loyalty to the original text, the source text.

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