Steel special moment frames (SMFs) are known to be highly ductile seismic force- resisting systems. The performance of an SMF relies on the ability of the connections to accommodate large inelastic deformations. After the brittle failure of some steel moment frame connections during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake, experimental tests were used to investigate the ductility and strength of these connections. An experimental study was performed to investigate the seismic performance a new connection called the Replaceable Shear Fuse (RSF) connection. The RSF connection uses shear-yielding fuse plates to prevent beam and column yielding. A total of 7 test specimens with varying fuse plate sizes and configurations, a W14×48 column, and a W14×38 beam were created. The connections were loaded laterally and cyclically at increasing displacements until the connection failed. The results show that RSF connections have the capability to prevent beam and column damage by focusing inelastic rotations to shear fuse yielding and bolt slip. Specimens with 14 in. deep beams achieved rotations ranging from 0.06 to 0.10 rad without excessive degradation and local buckling. Stable yielding was also achieved for all test specimens. Hysteretic responses for Specimens A1.3 and A1.4 were similar to typical responses from welded moment connections. The behavior of Specimen A1.16 was similar to that of a bolted flange plate connection, whereas the other remaining specimens had responses that were a combination of welded moment and bolted flange plate connections. Peak responses from tests indicated that inelastic rotations were accommodated by both fuse plate yielding and bolt slip. The first observation of major bolt slip occurred in the fuse plates as early as the 0.05 rad drift cycle. The early occurrence of bolt slip allowed for a higher rotational capacity. While the top and bottom fuse plates were replaced for each test, no repairs were needed for the beam and column. The RSF connection proved to be a more resilient alternative SMF connection.

Saab Dynamics is a business unit of Saab AB that offers solutions, services and products for military operations. In Saab Dynamics product portfolio the rocket launcher Carl-Gustaf is included. Carl-Gustaf is a portable, recoil free and reusable weapon system. Saab Dynamics also manufactures ammunition to Carl-Gustaf which can be varied between with explosive effect, smoke grenades, illuminating and fine caliber. To respective type of ammunition there is dummy grenades which has the same appearance, weight and loading procedure with the difference that the grenade is inert.  Initiation to the study came from an identified need to update the fuze on Drill Round 545C. The project was made on Saab Dynamics facility in Karlskoga and the purpose was to generate feasible concepts of the fuze, including to generate production documentation of the final concept. Since a concept development process was going to be executed it was considered relevant to investigate how this process should be performed at the company. From this the question at issue has been formulated.  Which success factors can be identified at a concept development process at Saab Dynamics? In addition, a sub-goal with the study is to produce production documentation to the updated fuze of Drill Round 545C according to ISO 22081 and manufacture a physical prototype.  The study is split into two parts, a qualitative study with purpose of answering the issue, and a concept study with purpose to produce the final prototype. Through interviews with employees and a literature study, success factors have been identified. A total of five success factors was found, together with some specific situations where they have significant matter. The success factors are: Communication, Group Composition, Openness in the group, Process fitted according to the specific project and Focus on boundaries between sub-projects. The concept study was performed through a systematical method for construction and design, with distinct activities and decision points. Four concepts were generated from the method, where all of them was manufactured through additive manufacturing and tested. All of the concepts fulfilled the requirements and by decision matrixes a final concept was decided. From the chosen concept a physical prototype and production documentation was created. This concept fulfilled the set goals and thereby the result of the concept study is assumed successful. Reflections were made after the concept study regarding the success factors, as some of them would have positively affected the concept development process. In future investigations, evaluations of the current working methods at Saab Dynamics are recommended as this study had limitations to not evaluate these. The report also emphasizes the importance of spreading the knowledge and experience that exists, as a possible area of improvement. / Saab Dynamics är ett affärsområde inom Saab AB, som erbjuder lösningar, tjänster och produkter för militär verksamhet. Inom Saab Dynamics produktportfölj ingår granatgeväret Carl-Gustaf, ett axelburet, rekylfritt och återanvändbart vapensystem. Till vapensystemet tillverkar dessutom Saab Dynamics ammunition som kan varieras mellan sprängverkan, rökgranater, lysgranater och finkalibrig ammunition. Till respektive typ av ammunition finns dessutom övningsgranater, som innehar samma utseende, tyngd och laddningsförfarande med skillnaden att granaten är inert.  Initieringen till studien grundas i ett identifierat behov av uppdatering av tändrörsattrappen till Drill Round 545C. Projektet utfördes på Saab Dynamics i Karlskoga, där syftet var att ta fram flera genomförbara koncept för tändrörsattrappen samt att ta fram tillverkningsunderlag för ett slutgiltigt koncept. Eftersom det skulle utföras en konceptutvecklingsprocess ansågs det också relevant att undersöka hur denna typ av process bör utföras inom företaget. Utifrån detta har det formulerats en frågeställning samt ett delmål med studien.  Vilka framgångsfaktorer går att identifiera vid en konceptutvecklingsprocess på Saab Dynamics? Dessutom ska studien ta fram tillverkningsunderlag till den uppdaterade tändrörsattrappen enligt ISO 22081 samt tillverka en fysisk prototyp.   tudien har delats upp i två delar, en kvalitativ studie med syfte att svara på frågeställningen samt en konceptstudie med syfte att ta fram den slutgiltiga prototypen. Genom att intervjua anställda med erfarenhet av konceptutveckling på Saab Dynamics och kombinera detta med en litteraturstudie har framgångsfaktorer identifieras. Resultatet av studien innebär att fem framgångsfaktorer identifierats samt några specifika situationer då de har väsentlig betydelse. Framgångsfaktorerna är: Kommunikation, Gruppsammansättning, Öppenhet inom gruppen, Process anpassad för det specifika projektet och Fokus på gränsytor mellan delprojekt. Konceptstudien utfördes enligt en systematisk metod för konstruktion och design med tydliga aktiviteter och beslutspunkter. Utifrån metoden genererades fyra koncept som tillverkades med additiv tillverkning och testades. Samtliga av koncepten uppfyllde funktionskraven och beslutsmatriser användes för att identifiera ett slutgiltigt koncept. Utifrån det valda konceptet tillverkades en fysisk prototyp och tillverkningsunderlag. Konceptet uppfyllde kraven som ställdes och därmed anses resultatet från konceptstudien lyckat. Dessutom kunde reflektioner angående framgångsfaktorerna dras efter konceptstudien då de hade påverkat genomförandet av konceptutvecklingsprocessen positivt.  I framtida studier rekommenderas utvärdering av de aktuella arbetssätt på Saab Dynamics då denna studie hade avgränsningar att inte analysera dem. Rapporten betonar även vikten av att sprida de kunskaper och erfarenheter som finns inom företaget som ett eventuellt förbättrings-område.

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A new type of steel plate shear wall has been devised which resists out-of-plane buckling without requiring stiffeners. The ring-shaped steel plate shear wall (RS-SPSW) includes a web plate that is cut with a pattern of holes leaving ring-shaped portions of steel connected by diagonal links. The ring shape resists out-of-plane buckling through the mechanics of how a circular ring deforms into an ellipse. It has been shown that the ring's compression diagonal will shorten a similar amount as the tension diagonal elongates, essentially eliminating the slack in the direction perpendicular to the tension field. Because of the unique features of the ring's mode of distortion, the load-deformation response of the resulting RS-SPSW system can exhibit full hysteretic behavior and possess greatly improved stiffness relative to thin unstiffened SPSW. The concept has been validated through testing on seven 34 in x 34 in panels. General conclusions about influence of different geometric parameters on plate behavior have been made. / Master of Science

Master of Science / Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering / Medhat M. Morcos / The inclusion of Selective Coordination in the NEC since the 2002 revision and the expansion of applications for which coordination of Over-current Protective Devices is required have resulted changes in design approaches for electrical engineers. In order to meet the requirements of the NEC regarding Selective Coordination for secondary power systems within buildings, often, upstream protective devices need to be held-in to a short-circuit condition, thus increasing the Arc Flash Energy. Electrical engineers must understand the many aspects of Selective Coordination when approaching a project from the very beginning. Decisions made by the engineer regarding Selective Coordination will have influence on project cost, project timeline, robustness of the electrical equipment, and safety of personnel working near or on the electrical equipment. The main objectives of this report are to convey an understanding of the following: recent changes in requirements for Selective Coordination, implications of short-circuit analysis, impacts of selectively coordinated systems on Arc Flash Energy, risks surrounding Arc Flash Hazards, and design processes regarding Selective Coordination.

Dans le cadre du modèle standard du Big Bang, le deutérium est l'élément dont l'abondance primordiale est la plus sensible à la densité baryonique de l'Univers. Cet élément est uniquement créé lors de la nucléosynthèse primordiale, quelques minutes après le Big Bang ; aucune théorie standard n'en prédit actuellement d'autres sources significatives. Au contraire, étant brûlé dans les étoiles, son abondance D/H décroît au cours de l'évolution cosmique. Les mesures de D/H apportent ainsi des contraintes sur les modèles de Big Bang et d'évolution chimique des galaxies. On peut distinguer trois types de mesures de D/H : les abondances primordiale, proto-solaire et interstellaire, respectivement représentatives de l'Univers il y a environ 15 milliards d'années, 4.5 milliards d'années et à l'époque actuelle. Si l'évolution du deutérium semble qualitativement claire, les résultats concernant ces trois types d'abondance ne convergent pas pour l'instant vers trois valeurs bien définies. Les travaux entrepris durant cette thèse sont reliés à la mesure de l'abondance interstellaire du deutérium. Celle-ci s'obtient habituellement par l'observation spectroscopique en absorption des séries de Lyman de l'hydrogène et du deutérium. Ces observations se font dans le domaine ultraviolet, au moyen d'observatoires spatiaux. Les résultats présentés ici ont été obtenus avec le Télescope spatial Hubble puis le satellite FUSE, récemment mis en orbite. D'autre part, une nouvelle méthode d'observation du deutérium a été proposée, dans le domaine visible à partir de télescopes au sol. Ce travail a mené aux premières détections et à l'identification de la série de Balmer du deutérium, observée en émission dans des régions HII avec le Télescope Canada-France-Hawaii et le Very Large Telescope.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2832975 bytes, checksum: 755c3758e19c43f9d50b4a5fdc3052f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-20 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / The objective of this work is to verify through an experimental research of the Randorn Fuse Model, how the orientation and disorder of the fuse network influence the process of fracture of a network. To execute the experirnents a circuit of size L x L was created, with the connections among the fuses orienteded by 45° with the direction of the applied potential difference. Two types of wires were used as fuses: copper wires and steel wool wires. The experirnents consisted in applying a potential difference V in the network and to measure the current I. The results were analyzed with the objective of determining their scaling laws changing the disorder or the network size. It was concluded that even for the totally disordered networks scaling laws were not observed. It was verified that for a fixed current above a certain critical current the electric resistance of the network intreases as a power law in time and also that the rupture time of the network decreases as a logarithmic law with the current for values slightly above the critical current, while for currents much larger than the critical current the rupture time decreases as a power law. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar, através de um estudo experimental do Modelo Aleatório de Fusíveis, como a orientação e a desordem da rede de fusíveis influenciam o processo de fratura da rede. Para a efetivação dos experimentos foi criado um circuito de tamanho L x L, com as ligações entre os fusíveis orientadas à 45° da direção de aplicação da diferença de potencial. Foram utilizados dois tipos de fios como fusíveis: fios de cobre e fios de palha de aço. Os experimentos consistiram em aplicar uma diferença de potencial V na rede e medir a corrente I. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados com o objetivo de se determinar suas leis de escala quando a desordem ou o tamanho da rede eram variados. Concluiu-se com os resultados que mesmo para as redes totalmente desordenada não foram observadas leis de escalas. Verificou-se ainda que para uma corrente fixa acima de certa corrente crítica, a resistência elétrica da rede aumenta como uma lei de potência do tempo e também que o tempo de ruptura da rede decai como uma lei logarítmica da corrente para valores de corrente pouco acima da corrente crítica, ao passo que para valores de corrente muito acima da corrente crítica o tempo de ruptura decai como uma lei de potência.

The diploma thesis is focused on the innovation of partially user-unsuitable software which is used in the CVVOZE short-circuit laboratory for the evaluation of testing of switching and protection devices. The introductory part of the work presents a technical laboratory, which is used for research and development in the field of electrical devices with possibility of testing of short circuits and over-currents. At the first part of thesis, there is made a description of the technical laboratory. The following past is a chapter with basic introduction of tested devices and standard testing conditions of electrical devices in the laboratory. Then following a description of the original evaluation software is made and its shortcomings are pointed out. The practical part is devoted to the creating in LabVIEW, implementation and verification of the functionality of the new evaluation software.

The thesis deals with the design of a transformer station for the outgoing power of cogeneration unit with an electric capacity of up to 1 MW. The thesis describes the design procedure of individual devices such as a transformer with a nominal ratio 22/0,4 kV, high voltage switchgears and low voltage switchgears. With the proper selection of the transformer, along with the technical parameters, the economic benefits that come from its purchasing and operating costs with the transformer operation are also considered. Based on this, the economic comparison of selected types of oil transformers during 20 years is also developed. Another part of the thesis deals with HV and LV switchgears, which are dimensioned according to shortcircuit conditions in the transformer station. In conclusion this work deals with the grounding of a transformer station and design protection in accordance PPDS.

The thesis deals with implementation of a program which can, through the use of FUSE library, make data accessible in the relational database like the classical Gentoo Portage storage. First, the reader of the thesis becomes familiar with FUSE library itself. After that, the new data model is built based on the analysis of the Portage structure. The new model emphasizes especially dependencies of packages. The key implementation issues are also described in the next part. Finally, the thesis assesses outcomes achieved including comparison with standard Portage implementation and classical file system. The other possibilities of the project development are considered as well.