In Galicia, translation slowly emerged as part of a cultural program during the 1920s, primarily through the activities of the Xeración Nós and the Irmandades da Fala, two intellectual and political groups seeking to recuperate and defend Galician language and culture through two magazines, A Nosa Terra and Nós. This aspect of nationalism is deserving of study because few scholars have addressed how the appropriation of literary texts, via translations, impacts nationalists' agendas. Nineteenth-century Galician scholars had claimed to establish ethnic and cultural links in early history between Galicia and Ireland and other alleged Celtic nations. The Xeración Nós and the Irmandades da Fala continued this legacy by researching Celtic and Irish history as well as introducing Irish writers, discussing their contributions to literature, and translating their works in journals. Their main intention was to demonstrate the Galicians' distinctiveness from Spain and to establish a common link with a nation struggling for its national rights. Therefore, for both journals, the subject of Ireland and the Irish was an obligatory and ideologically imperative reference. This thesis examines the role of translation in Nos and A Nosa Terra and its impact on Galician cultural nationalism. Working within the parameters of translation theory, nationalism, and post-colonialism, I consider why literary works by authors such as W.B. Yeats (1865-1939), James Joyce (1882-1941), and Terence MacSwiney (1879-1920), and the Irish epic, Leabhar Gabhála (The Book of the Conquests of Ireland), are discussed and later translated into Galician and what these translations seek to achieve within the re-emerging culture. On this basis, my objective is to show that as translated literature assumes a new role by providing invigorating models in the target culture, it regenerates national culture, language, and literature.

In this paper we deal with cross-border flows of people within the Euroregion Galicia-North of Portugal, paying particular attention to those led by workers. Based on data for daily mobility between the places of residence and work (commuters), it can be defined, within this territory, the so-called Polycentric Urban Regions (PUR) of Vigo and Porto. These regions should constitute significant referents of cross-border mobility, whose importance we begin to realize by estimating the movement of passengers across border crossings linking the south of Galicia and the north of Portugal. In this context, given the non-existence of official statistics, the reports prepared by the Eures Galicia/Região Norte office provide relevant information about the flow of cross-border workers in the area, which we have complemented by conducting two surveys directed, respectively, to involved workers and companies, and data from a recent study on labour mobility in the Euroregion. The evidence demonstrates the quantitative importance achieved in the territory analyzed by this interesting phenomenon of cross-border work and allows a description of its characteristics that shows the difficulties faced by the process of construction of a European labor market. / En este trabajo, nos ocupamos de los flujos transfronterizos de personas en el seno de la eurorregión Galicia-Norte de Portugal. En este marco, se prestará especial atención a aquellos protagonizados por trabajadores. Dentro del territorio analizado, se pueden definir —a partir de los datos relativos a la movilidad diaria casa-trabajo (commuters)— las denominadas regiones urbanas policéntricas (RUP) de Vigo y Porto. Estas deberían constituir referentes significativos de una movilidad transfronteriza, cuya importancia empezamos a calibrar estimando el movimiento de pasajeros en los pasos fronterizos que unen el sur de Galicia y el norte de Portugal. En este contexto, dada la inexistencia de estadísticas oficiales, los informes elaborados por la oficina Eures Galicia/Região Norte proporcionan información relevante sobre el flujo de trabajadores transfronterizos en la zona. Ello lo hemos complementado mediante dos elementos: la realización de sendas encuestas dirigidas respectivamente a trabajadores y empresas implicadas, y los datos proporcionados por un reciente estudio sobre la movilidad laboral en la eurorregión. La evidencia obtenida demuestra la importancia cuantitativa alcanzada en el territorio analizado por este interesante fenómeno del trabajo transfronterizo. Además, esta permite realizar una caracterización del mismo, que pone de manifiesto algunas dificultades a las que se enfrenta el proceso de construcción de un mercado de trabajo europeo.

The dissertation is dedicated to the history of the East European Karaite Jews (Karaites), a highly interesting ethno-religious Jewish group. It focuses on the Karaites of Galicia (Ukraine) from 1772 to 1945. The first four chapters of the dissertation are devoted to the Austrian period in the history of the Galician Karaites (1772-1918). Chapter One demonstrates that the Karaites represent an unparalleled example of preferential treatment of a Jewish community by the Austrian administration. Chapter Two provides readers with an overview of the "internal" history of the Karaite communities of Halicz and Kukizow. Chapter Three outlines the religious and ethnographic customs and traditions of the Galician Karaites. Chapter Four focuses on relations between the Karaites and their ethnic neighbours - the Slavs and the Ashkenazic Jews. Chapter Five is dedicated to the history of the Karaites in Polish Galicia between the two world wars. It is in this period that the Karaites started to become more and more separated from the Ashkenazic Jews. Chapter Six reconstructs the process of dejudaization and Turkicization of the Karaite community, highlighting the role of Seraja Szapszal, the Karaite ideological leader. It ends with an analysis of the history of the community during the period of the Nazi occupation. Chapter Seven outlines the ultimate decline of the Galician community after the Second World War. It also describes the current state of the Galician Karaite community and its historical legacy. The conclusion provides some essential remarks regarding the position of the Karaite case within the wider framework of Jewish and European history.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisor: Katherine Arens. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Die ersten gedruckten Notenhefte erscheinen in den ostslawischen Gebieten im 16. Jahrhundert.

Die Verbreitung des Klaviers in Galizien begann Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die Instrumente erschienen erstmalig in den Salons der Magnaten. Magnatenhöfe, die sich für Klavier interessierten, orientierten sich an westeuropäischer Kultur.

The dissertation thesis deals with urban historical monographs that were published in 1860-1900 in Czech, German, and Polish language, and covered towns in Bohemia, Moravia, and Galicia. Adopting a broadly comparative perspective, the study focuses on the social dimension of the books through the lens of local and national identities. It presupposes that the urban histories essentially created local identities but at the same time makes a hypothesis that nationalization of society in the 19th century had significant impact on local urban history. The first chapter shows that the urban historiography in each of the regional-language spheres developed unevenly. One of the reasons was the different significance of towns and urban past in national thoughts. The following chapter analyses urban monographs as books. It poses questions about who wrote urban histories, with what intentions, and for what readership. It reveals that the books had essentially two roles: they served local purposes and at the same time they were integrated in the national programme The two remaining chapters deal with the analysis of historical representations. The fourth chapter compares urban histories with regard to periodization of urban past. It confirms that the national historical frame significantly influenced the ways...

[ES] Alrededor de la década de los 90, se produjo en España el surgimiento de numerosas orquestas sinfónicas en las comunidades autónomas y, con ello, un cambio en la fisonomía cultural de su entorno. En Galicia, la Orquesta Sinfónica de Galicia (OSG) fue la pionera. Veinticinco años después, la OSG ha visto surgir otras numerosas agrupaciones, muchas formadas por sus propios integrantes. Estas agrupaciones abarcan desde ensambles y grupos de cámara hasta otras formaciones orquestales de diverso tamaño, que incluyen orquestas de cámara y orquestas sinfónicas. Asimismo, la OSG creó una Escuela de Práctica Orquestal (EPO) en 1994 que, posteriormente, ya en 2002, tomó forma en la que actualmente se conoce como Orquesta Joven de la Sinfónica de Galicia (OJSG). En esta joven orquesta, cada año, nuevos estudiantes completan su formación instrumental con la práctica orquestal y tienen la oportunidad de recibir clases individuales de los músicos de la orquesta. A lo largo de su trayectoria la OSG ha estrenado e incluso encargado obras de compositores gallegos contemporáneos, en colaboración con la Asociación Galega de Compositores. Además, ha llevado a cabo labores de recuperación y puesta en valor de las obras de muchos otros como Xan Viaño, Andrés Gaos, Gregorio Baudot, etc. Con la perspectiva que dan los años es posible trazar una panorámica del impacto que la OSG ha tenido en su entorno en todos estos aspectos y qué papel ha jugado en la transformación del panorama musical en Galicia. / [CA] Al voltant de la década dels 90 es va produir a Espanya el surgiment de nombroses orquestres simfòniques en les comunitats autònomes i, amb això, un canvi de la fisonomia cultural del seu voltant. En Galícia, l'Orquestra Simfònica de Galícia (OSG) va ser la pionera. Vint-i-cinc anys després, la OSG ha vist sorgir altres nombroses agrupacions, moltes formades pels seus propis integrants. Aquestes agrupacions abasten des d'assembles i grups de cambra fins a altres formacions orquestrals de diversa grandària, que inclouen orquestres de cambra i orquestres simfòniques. Així mateix, l'OSG va crear una Escola de Pràctica Orquestral (EPO) a 1994 que posteriorment, ja a 2002, va prendre forma en la qual actualment es coneix com Orquestra Jove de la Simfònica de Galícia. En aquesta jove orquestra, cada any, joves estudiants completen la seua formació instrumental amb la pràctica orquestral i tenen l'oportunitat de rebre classes individuals dels músics de l'orquestra. Al llarg de la seua trajectòria l'OSG ha estrenat i fins i tot encarregat obres de compositor gallecs contemporanis en col·laboració amb l'Associació Galega de Compositors. A més a més, ha dut a terme tasques de recuperació i posada en valor de les obres de molts altres com Xan Viaño, Andrés Gaos, Gregorio Baudot, etc. Amb la perspectiva que donen els anys és possible traçar una panoràmica de l'impacte que l'OSG ha tingut en el seu entorn en tots els seus aspectes i quin paper ha jugat en la transformació del panorama musical a Galícia. / [EN] Around the 90s, there was in Spain an emergence of numerous symphony orchestras in the autonomous communities and, with it, a change in the cultural environment. In Galicia, the Symphony Orchestra of Galicia (OSG) was the pioneer. Twenty-five years later, GSO has seen the emergence of numerous other groups, many formed by its own members. These groupings range from ensembles and chamber groups to other orchestral formations of different sizes, including chamber orchestras and symphony orchestras. Likewise, the OSG created a School of Orchestral Practice (EPO) in 1994, which subsequently, in 2002, took shape in what is now known as the Young Orchestra of the Symphony Orchestra of Galicia. In this young orchestra, each year, young students complete their instrumental training with the orchestral practice and have the opportunity to receive individual lessons from the musicians of the orchestra. Throughout its career, OSG has premiered and even commissioned works by contemporary Galician composers in collaboration with the Galician Association of Composers. In addition, it has carried out recovery and value work of the works of many others such as Xan Viaño, Andrés Gaos, Gregorio Baudot, etc. With the perspective that the years give, it is possible to outline the impact that the OSG has had on its environment in all these aspects and what role it has played in the transformation of the musical panorama in Galicia. / García Escuredo, A. (2022). Historia e impacto de la Orquesta Sinfónica de Galicia en su área de influencia [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/181690 / TESIS

I am interested in family secrets and the rules and mores that may constrain family behavior or adversely affect a member’s destiny. I make work that looks askance at the efforts to hide from the world those events or secrets that reflect badly on a family. I look at the places where I have discovered some of them: family furniture and objects around the house, which can shed, metaphorically, the secrets and stories that are part of family tradition. I focus light on the lives of my uncelebrated ancestors and bring them, however briefly, into the collective consciousness.

My thesis, Literary Citizenship and the Politics of Language: The Galician Literary Field between 1939 and 1965, is the first attempt to examine the building process of Galician national literature by focusing on one of its constitutive elements, the linguistic criterion. Drawing on Mario Santana's concept of literary citizenship, which can be defined as membership of a literary community, it pays attention to the development of the idea that Galician literary citizenship is language specific, in other words, that to be a member of the national literature, writers have to write in Galician. It does so by focusing on one of the most neglected periods in Galician and Spanish Studies (1939–1965). Chapter one, 'Going Public: The Adventure of Galician Publishing, 1939–1965', presents the first ever account of the publishing world in the studied period. Chapter two, 'From Region to Nation: Galician Literary Studies', argues that the main battleground in the definition of Galician literary citizenship was the field of Galician literary studies, where the concept of literary citizenship was naturalised and then institutionalised. Chapter three, 'Negotiating Identities', explores writers' language choices, paying special attention to those who wished to earn a language-specific Galician literary citizenship. Apart from native and exophonic writers, the chapter addresses writers who did so through translation. Chapter four, 'No Man's Land: Female Writing and Language', argues that female writers had a double-edged experience in the literary field. The patriarchal literary institutions were interested in their symbolic capital but they exercised firm control over them. The conclusion, 'A New raison d'être for Galician Literary Studies', summarises the main argument put forward by this thesis, that to understand fully the development of Galician literary citizenship, literature must be studied outside the national framework.