French choreographer Maurice Béjart used the third space in performance to fracture notions of fixed gender identity by removing it from facile and binary definitions. Postcolonial theorist, Homi K. Bhabha, originated the concept of a contradictory and ambivalent third space in which new cultural identities may be constructed. Using this concept, an analysis of Béjart's choreography will show how the choreographer exploited the fundamental ambiguity and instability inherent in gender performance in dance. Third space uncertainty produced new possibilities of interpretation between the signifier of biological sex and the significance of gender identity in performance. Much of Béjart's work bypassed ballet's rigid dichotomizing view of the sexes, which allotted an artificial lightness and refined delicacy in pointe work for women and exhibitions of spectacular jumps and strength in partnering for men. Béjart redefined gender in dance by employing the indeterminacy of the third space to shift the boundaries between male and female gender identities which were ordinarily defined as contradictory opposites. The choreographer's concentration on the male dancer destabilized gender boundaries in dance and challenged established cultural authorities. Béjart's passage through the third space constitutes a generative interval for queer performativity. The presumed distinctions between the two opposed genders were subsequently destabilized and deconstructed by the introduction of a third differentiation. By his passage through the third space, Béjart transformed gender identity and incorporated the themes of gender instability and inclusiveness into a creative aesthetic. Within the traditional performance framework of ballet, Béjart created fluid gender formations through the resignifying potential of the third space. By his acquisition of "otherness," the performer participated in the formation of gender as a creative process. Béjart's male dancer inhabited a third space of an "otherwise male." / A Dissertation submitted to the Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Fall Semester, 2014. / October 23, 2014. / dance, gender, Homi K. Bhabha, Maurice Béjart, queer performativity, the thrid space / Includes bibliographical references. / Tricia Young, Professor Directing Dissertation; Jennifer Atkins, Committee Member; Ilana Goldman, Committee Member; David Johnson, Committee Member.

This dissertation examines the portrayal of autonomous girlhood in five young-adult (YA) novels that appropriate Shakespearean plots for twenty-first-century girl audiences: Caryl Cude Mullin's Rough Magic (2009), Lisa Klein's Lady Macbeth's Daughter and Ophelia (2009 and 2008), Lisa Fiedler's Romeo's Ex: Rosaline's Story (2006), and Mirjam Pressler's Shylock's Daughter (2001). It postulates that these novels are the postfeminist extension of a much earlier subgeneric trend--that of mass-produced, affordable Victorian-era didactic Shakespeares, the central purpose of which is to use Shakespeare's cultural capital in order to transmit messages regarding the nature of appropriate girlhood. This dissertation argues that that some analogously available and affordable YA novel adaptations of the twenty-first century, despite being postcolonial and postfeminist and therefore reacting against the squeaky-clean, traditional norms of their predecessors, put forward gender roles that are just as restrictive. Each chapter will cover one of Shakespeare's plays, a corresponding YA novel adaptation, and a related issue in contemporary American girl culture and/or feminist theory. The ultimate goals of such a transhistorical analysis are first: to determine what type(s) of girlhood the novels put forth as valid and why, and second: to evaluate the novels' brand(s) of didacticism in terms of what it offers to its target audience of adolescent girls. Overall, this dissertation argues that successful YA Shakespeares for girls should exhibit nuanced characterization and developed female community, ideally one that results in intergenerational feminisms. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of English in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Fall Semester, 2014. / October 27, 2014. / feminism, girlhood, Shakespeare, young-adult / Includes bibliographical references. / Celia R. Caputi Daileader, Professor Directing Dissertation; Aimée Boutin, University Representative; A. E. B. Coldiron, Committee Member; Margaret (Meegan) Kennedy Hanson, Committee Member.

To achieve organizational effectiveness, leaders must examine what impacts productivity, such as workplace equality for women hindered to the point of exclusion and discrimination. The purpose of this correlational study was to determine if gender ideology, as the predictor variable, and male and female impressions toward an opposite-gendered coworker, as the criterion variable, predicts an individual's impressions toward an opposite-gendered coworker, in alignment with gender role theory. The Gender Role Ideology measure was used to assess perceptions about appropriate roles for men and women, and Coworker Resource Scale was used to assess the nature of coworker relationships among 203 middle- to upper-level managers. Data collection was conducted via Survey Monkey and SPSS was used to analyze the data. According to study results, there were no statistically significant correlations between the predictor and criterion variables. However, future research is warranted in relation to opposite-gendered coworkers and their gender ideologies. An in-depth examination of how gender ideologies relate to employee interaction has positive social change implications for workplace attitudes through improved employee cohesiveness as opposed to discrimination and exclusion. The proposed implications for positive social change from workplace attitude awareness include knowledge useful to employees in shifting their gender ideologies, increasing levels of employee interaction, and moving toward a more supportive and satisfactory existence in the workplace.

Transgender law and politics may seem to have been nonexistent prior to the 21st century. This dissertation argues that the timeline of transgender progress should begin much earlier and the measure of success should be recalibrated. As early as 1955, states enacted legislation allowing transsexual persons to change their legal sex status. By the end of the 20th century, over half of America’s states had such statutes. I argue that these should be acknowledged as LGBT civil rights successes as significant as any other. Most early sexual orientation anti-discrimination laws omitted protections for trans people, based either on a belief that they were not attainable or that trans issues were not even a proper gay rights concern. Often engaging in direct confrontation, trans people in Minnesota demonstrated that that exclusion was not the only possible civil rights path, securing inclusion in local law in 1975 and in state law two decades later, while other states still maintained an exclusionary mindset. The lesson trans people learned was that if they were not included in such legislation from the outset, the likelihood of being added later was slim. They applied this knowledge to civil rights efforts at the state and federal levels. Gradually, more states did become inclusive, but not until 2007 did a federal proposal include trans-inclusive language. Paradoxically, the circumstances of its failure exacerbated fissures within the LGBT community but also brought most of the community together in favor of inclusion to a degree previously unimaginable.

Only 9% of elementary school teachers are currently male, despite the fact that men make up roughly half of the United States population. This under-representation of male elementary teachers presents many questions and challenges for schools and society. This study hopes to further educators’ understandings of some of the specific challenges that male elementary school teachers confront in their daily lives as well as of their insights and suggestions to address such. This study posits the importance of these educators’ being able to share their thoughts, perceptions, and questions about their work, including how they have tended to position themselves as male elementary school teachers. Using qualitative research methods, eight male elementary teachers (retired, veteran, experienced, and novices) were interviewed in order to examine their perspectives and assumptions regarding “maleness” as well as the factors that primarily have impacted their decisions to remain teaching at the elementary level. Analyses and interpretations of participants’ responses yielded recommendations for attending to these insights in order to inform teaching recruitment, induction, and varied other policy decisions.

No description available.

This qualitative research study focused on Asian fathers living in the United States. It raised issues about the social perceptions of minority immigrants and provided alternative interpretations of the acculturation of Korean fathers who have been neglected in diverse social and educational discourses. In particular, this study looked at recent Korean immigrants who settled in America after 2008. By doing so, this work demonstrated the distinct demographical and socioeconomic hallmarks (e.g., better educational opportunities, economic prosperity, and cultural openness) of immigration in the United States. This study is organized into two sections: a general survey which gathered information about current issues and marginalization and clarified the stereotypes facing Korean immigrants; and in-depth interviews and participative observations which collected stories and reflections from and about Korean immigrant fathers. I endeavored to (a) observe the Korean father, the family member who is most neglected by academic discourse on immigrant families; (b) identify the concerns of the modern, minority immigrant; and (c) collect the voices of people who undergo acculturation or transformative adaptation of a new culture. The overall significance of this study is that it presents new understanding of the life patterns of Korean fathers who reside in the United States. Research participants showed a tendency to emphasize the role of a social safety network board for racial community while being individualistic in personal matters. Moreover, the social position of fathers has changed internally and externally. Internal changes engendered through specific social conditions such as identity, parenting, religion, father awareness, and food rituals and memory were analyzed as the main factors for completing the overall transformation. Lastly, the personal experiences or traits that appeared in the process of memory and consciousness were essential for creating the defining qualities of fathers in perceptions of the Korean father figure. Through a descriptive analysis, I uncovered what the four participants, who had different immigration trajectories, shared as commonalities and differences. Transformation by factors other than culture seemed to be an important variable. The interviewees’ anecdotes confirmed the roles of memory and individual response to a complex series of cultural adaptations and provided important implications.

Thesis (M.A. (Media Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / The 21st century has been characterised by a growth in community radio (CR) programming for development and gender awareness sensitisation campaigns. Many radio programmes and documentaries feature issues that deal with gender and diversity issues. However, most are excessively packaged with content that depicts stereotypes and lack sensitivity. This study explores how CR covers and presents gender in the production and construction of programmes and news. It also offers basic strategies on how to produce gender sensitive programming. Furthermore, the study assessed the knowledge and attitudes of CR volunteers on gender mainstreaming as a concept. A mixed methods research paradigm combining both qualitative and quantitative methods was applied in this study. The review of literature involved an extensive analysis of gender reporting in the media and CR. Data was collected using questionnaires, focus group interviews, personal interviews and archival material. A transformation model was utilised for data interpretation and analysis. Study findings show that CRs do not adequately cover gender issues, portray gender in stereotypical norms, and the majority of volunteers have a negative attitude towards gender mainstreaming. The study endorsed formal gender training and the diversification of views as a primary solution to addressing gender disparity in the media. Keywords: Gender, gender mainstreaming, Community radio, programming

No description available.

Correct race and sex determination of unknown skeletal material is an important aspect of forensic anthropology. Numerous studies have focused on the differences, both osteometric and morphological, between the sexes of a particular racial phenotype, between race groups, and populations. From previous work by a variety of researchers, the necessity of population specific standards for identification has been demonstrated. The purpose of this research was to examine the metric and morphological differences in the pelvis between the sexes and races of South African whites and blacks. Results will be used in developing standards of identification tailored to this population. A sample of 400 known sex/race os coxae were examined. Skeletal material was obtained from the Pretoria collection housed at the University of Pretoria, Department of Anatomy and the Dart collection located at the University of Witwatersrand, Department of Anatomical Sciences. A series of thirteen measurements and five morphological characteristics were examined. Indices were calculated from data obtained from the metric analysis. Left and right sides were examined and those bones visibly pathologically deformed were excluded from the study. Data were subjected to SPSS stepwise and direct discriminant analysis. Results showed ischial length as the most sexually dimorphic characteristic in whites, while acetabulum diameter was best in blacks. Four functions (using pelvic dimensions) were developed for determining sex. Highest accuracies were achieved from function 1 (including all dimensions) which correctly classified 92-96% of individuals. Race differences were also investigated. Pubic length was chosen as best for discriminating between races for males and iliac breadth as best in females. Accuracies were 86-89% for males and 82-88% for females. Accuracies for sex discrimination were consistent with earlier studies. Morphological results yielded >80% accuracy for all traits in white males except greater sciatic notch shape where only 33% were correctly classified. A population specific variation in sciatic notch shape was observed where >50% of the white males had a wide sciatic notch previously thought to be a female expression. Black males recorded 81 % correct classification for pubic shape and >90% for the remaining characteristics. Greater sciatic notch and pubic bone shape achieved highest accuracies with 96% for both traits in white females, and 84% and 88% in black females respectively. In conclusion, this study conclusively demonstrates that race and population differences affect the expression of sexual dimorphism and must be accounted for to develop the most effective methods of analysis. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Anatomy / unrestricted