This study examines the influence of Feministiskt initiativ (Fi) as a governing factor during the mandate period 2014-2018 on the gender pay gap in 13 different municipalities compared to 277 different municipalities. The data source is from SCB´s website (2021) on the average monthly salaries by gender and municipalities for the period 2010-2021, quantitative methods like difference-in-difference estimation were applied to analyze the impact. The results from the average monthly wages for genders indicate that Fi has had a small positive effect on the gender wage gap, with a slight reduction in the wage gap in the municipalities where Fi was adopted as an underlying factor during the 2014-2018 mandate period. However, the results from the regression analysis for all four regressions that were applied, indicate that the interaction term is not statistically significant at any level of significance. Therefore, the analysis cannot draw strong conclusions that Fi has had an impact on gender equality and the gender pay gap based on the available results. There are several potential reasons why Fi may not be a significant underlying factor and the results could be attributed to the influence of other variables or factors that have exerted a more substantial impact on wage divergence. Alternatively, the quality of the data used in the analysis might have influenced the outcome. This study contributes to understanding how political movements or minor parties like Fi can affect gender equality and the gender wage gap in different municipalities. Previous research supports the idea that political movements can influence the gender pay gap and equality between genders, which aligns to some extent with the findings regarding Fi's impact on the gender pay gap in the municipalities where it held power.

Thermal bridges are areas of a building where heat is more likely to escape to the outside. They are caused by materials with different thermal conductivities, such as metal, concrete, or timber. Thermal bridges can lead to increased energy consumption, condensation, and structural damage. There are several things that can be done to reduce the impact of thermal bridges, including using insulation with high thermal resistance, using materials with low thermal conductivity, and properly installing windows and doors. This thesis examines the impact of thermal bridges on energy performance in factory built timber houses, focusing on a case study conducted by Vida Building AB in Alvesta. By analyzing thermal bridges by more than one method provides valuable insights. The average heat transfer coefficient was determined to be 0.243 W/m2K (from hand calculations) and 0.252 W/m2K (using Vip Energy program). Thermal bridges accounted for approximately 7% of total energy consumption in the studied apartments. The findings contribute to improving energy efficiency in residential construction by addressing thermal bridges according to Swedish building standards and climate conditions.

För att beslutsfattare och dagligvaruaktörer ska kunna fatta välgrundade beslut vid etablering av nya butiker är det viktigt att känna till hur demografiska faktorer påverkar dagligvarumarknaden. I denna uppsats analyserar vi med data för 2016 hur demografiska faktorer påverkar förekomsten av olika butikssegment på lokala marknader i Sverige samt hur demografi påverkar butikssegmentens omsättningsandelar. Segmenten skapades inom ramen för uppsatsen baserat på tidigare forskning och dagligvaruaktörernas egna butiksdefinitioner. Med logistiska regressioner på stadsdelsnivå finner vi (i) att en ökande andel befolkning med utrikes bakgrund påverkar sannolikheten positivt att minst en lågprisbutik finns etablerad i ett område, men påverkar sannolikheten att minst en traditionell mindre butik finns etablerad negativt. Vidare, med hjälp av OLS-regressioner på stadsdelsnivå finner vi (ii) att en högre andel befolkning med utrikes bakgrund påverkar lågprisbutikers andel av ett områdes totala omsättning positivt, men påverkar traditionella mindre butikers andel negativt. Till sist, indikerar resultatet (iii) att framförallt flödet av människor påverkar traditionella större butiker, både dess geografiska plats samt deras andel av ett områdes totala omsättning. På kommunnivå visar OLS-regressionerna delvis otydliga resultat, förmodligen till följd av allt för aggregerad data. Vår studie bidrar till den existerande litteraturen genom att analysera butiksetableringar och demografi i en svensk kontext. Tidigare forskning har främst undersökt den amerikanska och olika europeiska marknader. / It is important for policy makers and retail chains to recognise how demographics affect the non- durable goods business in order to make qualified decisions about establishing new grocery stores. In this thesis, using data from 2016, we analyse how demographics affect the presence of different store segments at local markets in Sweden and how it affects the turnover share of different store segments. The segments were defined as a part of this thesis and are based on previous literature and the concept description made by each included company. Using logit regressions on urban districts, we find (i) that a larger share of population with foreign background increases the probability that at least one discount store is established in the district but decreases the probability that at least one traditional small store is established. Further, using an OLS-regression on urban districts we find (ii) that a larger share of population with foreign background increases the share of total turnover in discount stores and decreases the share of total turnover for traditional small stores. Finally, our result indicates (iii) that the flow of people significantly affects traditional large stores, both regarding their presence on local markets as well as their share of the total turnover. When using municipalities as local markets, our OLS-regression provides partly indefinite results, probably a consequence of the aggregated data. Our thesis contributes to the existent literature by analysing store establishment and demography in a Swedish context. Previous literature has mainly evaluated American and European markets.

Image classification using data from neuromorphic vision sensors is a challenging task that affects the use of dynamic vision sensor cameras in real- world environments. One impeding factor is noise in the neuromorphic event stream, which is often generated by the dynamic vision sensors themselves. This means that effective noise filtration is key to successful use of event- based data streams in real-world applications. In this paper we harness two feature representations of neuromorphic vision data in order to apply conventional frame-based image tools on the neuromorphic event stream. We use a standard noise filter to evaluate the effectiveness of noise filtration using a popular dataset converted to neuromorphic vision data. The two feature representations are the best-of-class standard Histograms of Averaged Time Surfaces (HATS) and a simpler grid matrix representation. To evaluate the effectiveness of the noise filter, we compare classification accuracies using various noise filter windows at different noise levels by adding additional artificially generated Gaussian noise to the dataset. Our performance metrics are reported as classification accuracy. Our results show that the classification accuracy using frames generated with HATS is not significantly improved by a noise filter. However, the classification accuracy of the frames generated with the more traditional grid representation is improved. These results can be refined and tuned for other datasets and may eventually contribute to on- the- fly noise reduction in neuromorphic vision sensors. / Händelsekameror är en ny typ av kamera som registrerar små ljusförändringar i kamerans synfält. Sensorn som kameran bygger på är modellerad efter näthinnan som finns i våra ögon. Näthinnan är uppbyggd av tunna lager av celler som omvandlar ljus till nervsignaler. Eftersom synsensorer efterliknar nervsystemet har de getts namnet neuromorfiska synsensorer. För att registrera små ljusförändringar måste dessa sensorer vara väldigt känsliga vilket även genererar ett elektroniskt brus. Detta brus försämrar kvalitén på signalen vilket blir en förhindrande faktor när dessa synsensorer ska användas i praktiken och ställer stora krav på att hitta effektiva metoder för brusredusering. Denna avhandling undersöker två typer av digitala framställningar som omvandlar signalen ifrån händelsekameror till något som efterliknar vanliga bilder som kan användas med traditionella metoder för bildigenkänning. Vi undersöker brusreduseringens inverkan på den övergripande noggrannhet som uppnås av en artificiell intelligens vid bildigenkänning. För att utmana AIn har vi tillfört ytterligare normalfördelat brus i signalen. De digitala framställningar som används är dels histogram av genomsnittliga tidsytor (eng. histograms of averaged time surfaces) och en matrisrepresentation. Vi visar att HATS är robust och klarar av att generera digitala framställningar som tillåter AIn att bibehålla god noggrannhet även vid höga nivåer av brus, vilket medför att brusreduseringens inverkan var försumbar. Matrisrepresentationen gynnas av brusredusering vid högre nivåer av brus.