<p>Detta examensarbete syftar till att beskriva, använda och utvärdera Getting Real som arbetsmetod under utvecklandet av en webbplats åt teknikföretaget Metop AB i Malmö. Getting Real är en arbetsmetod som är beskriven i boken med samma namn, författad av Jason Fried och hans medarbetare på företaget 37signals, som bland annat har utvecklat Ruby on Rails. Getting Real skiljer sig från andra arbetsmetoder på ett flertal punkter. Projektdokumentationen är till exempel mycket begränsad för att undvika att tid läggs ner på arbete som inte direkt har med själva utvecklandet av applikationen att göra. Dessutom utvecklas gränssnittet och designen först. Utifrån detta gränssnitt utvecklas sedan funktionaliteten. Detta för att gränssnittet anses vara det viktigaste och det som användaren ser och nyttjar. En arbetsordning lades upp i enighet med Getting Reals principer. Resultatet presenteras i form av ett frågeformulär som har besvarats av samtliga projektmedlemmar var för sig. Frågorna syftar till att undersöka hur pass bra Getting Real uppfyller krav och önskemål utövaren har på en arbetsprocess, till exempel huruvida arbetsprocessen minimerar risker och hur pass bra den säkerställer kvalitén på slutprodukten. I resultatdelen presenteras dessutom slutprodukten. Vi fann att Getting Real till stor del är ett förhållningssätt mer än en tydlig arbetsprocess. Detta förhållningssätt finner vi användbart på många plan inom programmering för webben. Främst tankesättet att arbeta i små, agila grupper samt att producera avskalade webbapplikationer utan överdrivet mycket funktionalitet till förmån för både användare samt att applikationen blir lättare att underhålla. Det läggs också vikt vid att ständigt koncentrera arbetet kring det som är viktigast, vilket vi tycker hjälper till att få en mer fokuserad slutprodukt. Dock täcker metoden inte allt som är önskvärt av en arbetsprocess. Det är svårt att tänka sig att alla typer av projekt fungerar bäst utan dokumentation. Riskminimering behandlas heller inte, liksom sårbarheten en extremt liten projektgrupp medför.</p>

The topic of the diploma thesis is the professional vision of the students of teaching and their view on problems of adolescent children. Based on a literature review, we first define the concepts of pubescent and factors affecting adolescence and professional vision in the theoretical part. That research part deals with content analysis of essays about Michael Cuesta's Twelve and Holding (2005), which was developed by the students of the 1st year of combined study, the branch of teaching for primary school (hereinafter referred to as "students") as part of the teaching of the subject Introduction to Pedagogy at the Department of Primary Education at the Faculty of Education of Charles University. The goal of this research is to describe how students, at the beginning of their studies, are able to perceive the problems of the children presented in the film. KEYWORDS pubescent, developmental psychology, professional vision, essay, film education

Detta examensarbete syftar till att beskriva, använda och utvärdera Getting Real som arbetsmetod under utvecklandet av en webbplats åt teknikföretaget Metop AB i Malmö. Getting Real är en arbetsmetod som är beskriven i boken med samma namn, författad av Jason Fried och hans medarbetare på företaget 37signals, som bland annat har utvecklat Ruby on Rails. Getting Real skiljer sig från andra arbetsmetoder på ett flertal punkter. Projektdokumentationen är till exempel mycket begränsad för att undvika att tid läggs ner på arbete som inte direkt har med själva utvecklandet av applikationen att göra. Dessutom utvecklas gränssnittet och designen först. Utifrån detta gränssnitt utvecklas sedan funktionaliteten. Detta för att gränssnittet anses vara det viktigaste och det som användaren ser och nyttjar. En arbetsordning lades upp i enighet med Getting Reals principer. Resultatet presenteras i form av ett frågeformulär som har besvarats av samtliga projektmedlemmar var för sig. Frågorna syftar till att undersöka hur pass bra Getting Real uppfyller krav och önskemål utövaren har på en arbetsprocess, till exempel huruvida arbetsprocessen minimerar risker och hur pass bra den säkerställer kvalitén på slutprodukten. I resultatdelen presenteras dessutom slutprodukten. Vi fann att Getting Real till stor del är ett förhållningssätt mer än en tydlig arbetsprocess. Detta förhållningssätt finner vi användbart på många plan inom programmering för webben. Främst tankesättet att arbeta i små, agila grupper samt att producera avskalade webbapplikationer utan överdrivet mycket funktionalitet till förmån för både användare samt att applikationen blir lättare att underhålla. Det läggs också vikt vid att ständigt koncentrera arbetet kring det som är viktigast, vilket vi tycker hjälper till att få en mer fokuserad slutprodukt. Dock täcker metoden inte allt som är önskvärt av en arbetsprocess. Det är svårt att tänka sig att alla typer av projekt fungerar bäst utan dokumentation. Riskminimering behandlas heller inte, liksom sårbarheten en extremt liten projektgrupp medför.

This research was undertaken to establish the behaviours of leaders who get things done. Leadership attributes can be divided into three broad categories, namely, personal traits of leaders (who leaders are), their knowledge and skills (what leaders know) and their behaviours and styles (what leaders do). This research was part of a collaborative study undertaken with two other MBA students at the Gordon Institute of Business Science. Qualitative research methods were used. The research was exploratory in nature and was conducted by holding in-depth, semi-structured interviews with fifteen successful business leaders in South Africa. Fifteen behavioural themes were identified as relevant to the behaviours of leaders who get things done, i.e. engaging and being approachable, having and articulating a vision, managing emotions, inspiring and motivating, communicating, choosing the right teams, displaying energy and passion, showing you care, listening, being visible, focusing on results, empowering staff, expressing trust and confidence in one’s people, responding to situations in a flexible manner and building strong teams. In addition, the research found that these behaviours are associated with the transformational leadership style. Another finding is that personal traits and leadership behaviour are important factors influencing how leaders get things done, more so than knowledge and skills are. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

The purpose of this qualitative research is to gain a deeper understanding of the knowledge attributes that influence how South African business leaders get things done. Knowledge is described as the social and emotional skills that allow leaders to enact behaviours. Therefore the components of the knowledge necessary for leaders to get things done are based on an understanding of their skills (learned capacity) and their abilities (the natural talents). The research assessed the relative importance of knowledge and the relationship with personal traits and leadership behaviour through fifteen indepth interviews. Knowledge was seen as relatively less important than personal traits and behaviours although it provides a crucial link between these leadership attributes. The importance of key knowledge attributes, including an awareness of the mechanisms to acquire knowledge, enable emerging leaders to be more effective and achieve sustained results. Therefore, the value of knowledge may be seen as the process of acquiring the body of information, concepts and principles required to lead and get things done. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

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Three students were picked to be the focus students for this ethnography. The criteria used to pick the three focus students are: focus student one has to be an English language learner, focus student two student has to have an IEP or a 504 plan, and focus student three has to have had a significant life experience. Included in the ethnography are student works, analysis of assessments, and interviews with students and families. I used scholarly resources to support data, such as How to be an Effective Teacher by Harry K. Wong (2009). I discuss the effectiveness of my action plan by discussing the results of the students progression, or the need to amend the action plan. The purpose of ethnography is to get to know the student as a whole, and not through assessments. I describe students’ interests, likes and dislikes, and family life. In addition to getting to know the students, there is an in depth look at the educator, and her motivations.

<p>Attention to Advertising</p><p>Carl Patrik Nilsson, Umeå School of Business, Umeå University SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden</p><p>Abstract</p><p>In advertising, capturing consumers’ attention is imperative. Yet, how attention to advertising works in a World Wide Web context has not been researched extensively. This area is the main focus of this research.</p><p>The World Wide Web is an interactive medium which has characteristics that deviate from traditional media channels. Considering the unique properties of the World Wide Web it was deemed important to study how attention to advertising is affected by various contexts as well as attention getting techniques.</p><p>The study was conducted in order to develop an understanding of how advertisements in different Web task environments are being attended to as well as how attention to advertisements varies between different attention getting techniques that are being used in Web advertising. Furthermore, a model which describes the relationship between context, attention getting techniques and attention to advertising was developed and tested. In connection to this it was tested whether click-through or click-rate is indeed an adequate method when measuring advertising effect and thereby to what extent the pay per click pricing strategy is appropriate.</p><p>In order to address the research issues a theoretical framework was assembled. Nine hypotheses were formulated deriving from the framework. To test the hypotheses and the model, an experimental research design was employed. Three experiments were designed to study the hypotheses formulated. A total of 702 individual experiments were conducted.</p><p>The conclusions from the study reveal that Web task environments indeed have an impact on attention to advertising. Increased complexity or a more difficult task environment demands more cognitive resources which in turn produces lower attention levels to the advertising stimulus. Reduced complexity, on the other hand, releases cognitive resources that can be spent elsewhere. Thus, a higher attention level to the advertising stimulus was recorded. This also confirmed the properties of the proposed model; namely that the permeability of a filtering mechanism is dependent on for instance level of goal orientation and complexity of the physical task environment i.e. the complexity of the Web site. The study revealed that attention getting techniques such as pop-up advertisements increase the attention to advertising. However, it was found that pop-up advertisements are effective, not mainly because of their abrupt presentation, but because of the distinct properties of the frame. It was found that the frame has a negative meaning for Web users and when the frame comes into the visual field it will attract their attention. At the same time attention will also be distributed towards the advertisement itself. This is recorded as an increase in attention towards the advertising message.</p><p>The results show that the click-through measure is not an appropriate method when measuring advertising effect. The click-through measure may severely underestimate the advertising effect. Consequently, using click-through frequencies as a basis for pricing is inappropriate, unless the effects at play have been well understood and taken into consideration.</p><p>Key words: Attention to advertising, attention getting techniques, Web advertising, Web environment, click-through</p><p>Studies in Business Administration, B series, No 60.</p><p>ISSN 0346-8291, ISBN 91-7264-189-4</p><p>Umeå School of Business - Sweden 2006</p>