Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-17T19:32:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdenilsonOliveiraReges_TESE.pdf: 5841325 bytes, checksum: 2ead9ffcd013a5ed21850074ab97c30f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-18T00:04:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdenilsonOliveiraReges_TESE.pdf: 5841325 bytes, checksum: 2ead9ffcd013a5ed21850074ab97c30f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-18T00:04:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdenilsonOliveiraReges_TESE.pdf: 5841325 bytes, checksum: 2ead9ffcd013a5ed21850074ab97c30f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-18 / Esta Tese ? uma contribui??o ao desenvolvimento de sensores de vaz?o na ind?stria de petr?leo e g?s. O objetivo geral do trabalho ? apresentar uma metodologia para medir as vaz?es em po?os injetores de ?gua multizonas a partir de perfis de temperatura do fluido e estimar a incerteza da medi??o. Inicialmente, foi apresentada a equa??o cl?ssica de Ramey descrevendo a temperatura do fluido como uma fun??o da vaz?o ao longo do po?o. Ent?o, foram descritos tr?s m?todos de c?lculo das vaz?es a partir do perfil de temperatura e o sensor de vaz?o foi modelado computacionalmente. Em seguida, foram calculadas as vaz?es em quatro po?os injetores multizonas, localizados no Rio Grande do Norte, a partir de perfis de temperatura medidos experimentalmente. As vaz?es calculadas foram comparadas ?s vaz?es medidas no campo. Os resultados preliminares obtidos nos Po?os 1 e 2 foram satisfat?rios. Nestes po?os, os erros m?ximos observados foram de 28,55% (Po?o 1) e 15,72% (Po?o 2). Entretanto, desvios significativos entre as vaz?es calculadas e medidas foram encontrados nos Po?os 3 e 4. Nestes po?os, os erros m?ximos observados foram de 536,84% (Po?o 3) e 335,54% (Po?o 4). Utilizando a expans?o em S?rie de Taylor da equa??o exponencial de Ramey, foi obtida uma fun??o expl?cita, linear, entre a vaz?o ao longo do po?o e a temperatura do fluido, sendo realizada uma an?lise quantitativa da incerteza de medi??o. A partir desta an?lise, foi observado que, devido ? baixa resolu??o nas medi??es de temperatura, a incerteza de medi??o expandida pode atingir cerca de 155,04% da vaz?o calculada. Foi ent?o apresentado um m?todo de c?lculo estoc?stico das vaz?es a partir das distribui??es de probabilidade das temperaturas medidas, atrav?s da Simula??o de Monte Carlo. As novas vaz?es calculadas apresentaram erros m?ximos de 3,67% (Po?o 1), 14,45% (Po?o 2), 14,62% (Po?o 3) e 22,29% (Po?o 4). Logo, a abordagem probabil?stica permitiu que as vaz?es injetadas fossem satisfatoriamente estimadas mesmo nos casos em que a resolu??o do sensor de temperatura era inadequada ? detec??o de pequenas varia??es na temperatura do fluido. Portanto, a metodologia de c?lculo das vaz?es injetadas a partir do perfil de temperatura do fluido foi validada com sucesso. / This thesis is a contribution to the development of flow sensors in oil and gas industry. The main objective of this work is presenting a methodology to measure the flow rates into multiple-zone water-injection wells from fluid temperature profiles and estimate the measurement uncertainty. First, the classical Ramey equation describing the fluid temperature as a function of flow was presented. Then, three methods to calculate the flow rates from temperature profile were described and the flow sensor was computationally modeled. Next, the flow rates into four multiple-zone injection-wells, located in Rio Grande do Norte, were calculated from temperature profiles experimentally measured. The calculated flow rates were compared to the measured flow rates. The preliminary results, obtained from Wells 1 and 2, were satisfactory. In these wells, the maximum errors were equals to 28,55% (Well 1) and 15,72% (Well 2). However, significant deviations between the calculated and the measured flow rates were found at Wells 3 and 4. In these wells, the maximum errors were equals to 536,84% (Well 3) and 335,54% (Well 4). The Ramey equation was expanded in Taylor Series and linearized to obtain an explicit, linear, function between the flow and the fluid temperature. Then, a quantitative uncertainty analysis was performed. From this analysis, it was observed, due the temperature sensor resolution, the expanded measurement uncertainty may achieve about 155,04% of the calculated flow rate. Then, the injected flow rates were stochastically recalculated from the probability distributions of the measured temperatures, through a Monte Carlo simulation. The new calculated flow rates presented maximum errors of 3,67% (Well 1), 14,45% (Well 2), 14,62% (Well 3) and 22,29% (Well 4). This probabilistic approach allowed injected flow rates to be estimated even in the cases where the temperature sensor resolution was inadequate to detection of small variations into the fluid temperature. Therefore, the methodology to calculate the injected flow rates from the fluid temperature profile was successfully validated.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-20T23:48:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreLuizGomesDeMacedo_DISSERT.pdf: 25551685 bytes, checksum: a71d069cf36d28a90f868f212aeb0e35 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-27T18:42:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreLuizGomesDeMacedo_DISSERT.pdf: 25551685 bytes, checksum: a71d069cf36d28a90f868f212aeb0e35 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-27T18:42:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreLuizGomesDeMacedo_DISSERT.pdf: 25551685 bytes, checksum: a71d069cf36d28a90f868f212aeb0e35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-26 / Esse trabalho envolve pesquisas recentes que levantam prescri??es t?cnicas para se projetar resid?ncias unifamiliares de alto padr?o, suprindo uma lacuna sustent?vel espec?fica em se absorver, compreender e inserir alguns desses conceitos complementares ?s formas tradicionais de se habitar, aqui destacado como algo que sucedeu o ato de projetar e construir. O surgimento de uma demanda de um projeto a ser confeccionado na cidade de Serra de S?o Bento, a 130 km de Natal-RN trouxe ao autor a oportunidade de inserir um olhar mais focado ?s quest?es ambientais relativas a uma obra dessa natureza, fazendo-o levar aos propriet?rios um debate mais minucioso na forma??o dos valores do programa de necessidades e na compreens?o do lugar a ser projetado. O terreno ?rido, inclinado, pedregoso e distante de um centro urbano, exigia uma proposta adaptada ao local, com materiais n?o convencionais, mais leves e menos artesanais, que mitigassem os impactos de uma resid?ncia sobre aquele meio e sobre o seu futuro consumo de ?gua e energia el?trica. Batizada de Casa Camelo, a proposta d? ?nfase ? total autossufici?ncia frente ?s concession?rias locais desses dois insumos, seja por meio da capta??o pluvial alternativa com reuso de ?gua ou pela gera??o renov?vel de energia e?lica ou fotovoltaica, al?m da ado??o de uma solu??o que leva em conta as estrat?gias bioclim?ticas sugeridas ao microclima estudado para que, de forma passiva, pud?ssemos atingir a satisfa??o quanto ao conforto t?rmico e ac?stico do projeto. / This work involves recent research that raise technical requirements to design singlefamily homes to a high standard, providing a specific sustainable gap to absorb, understand and enter some of these complementary concepts to traditional ways of live, with emphasis in the act to design and build. The emergence of a demand for a project to be made in the city of Serra de S?o Bento, 130 km from Natal, Brazil brought the author the opportunity to enter a more focused look at environmental issues related to a work of this nature, talking to the owners about a more thorough debate on the formation of values needs program and understanding the place to be designed. The arid terrain, sloping, rocky and far from the urban center, required a proposal adapted to the site, with unconventional, lighter and less craft materials that mitigate the impact of a residence on one half and on its future water consumption and electricity. Baptized House Camel, the proposal emphasizes the full self-sufficiency in the face of local utilities of these two inputs, either through rainwater capture alternative water reuse or for renewable generation of wind or photovoltaics, and to adopt a solution that takes into account bioclimatic strategies suggested the microclimate studied so that passively, we could achieve satisfaction with the thermal and acoustic comfort of the project.

A sensitive and specific assay aimed at measuring the oxidized nucleic acids, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua), fapy-guanine (Fapy-Gua), 8-oxoguanosine (8-oxoGuo), 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) has been developed by coupling reversed phase liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry detection (MS/MS) and isotope dilution. The HPLC-MS/MS approach with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) allowed for the sensitive determination of 8-oxoGua, Fapy-Gua, 8-oxoGuo, and 8-oxodG in human urine samples. There is no sample preparation needed except for the addition of buffer and 13C- and 15N-labeled internal standards to the urine prior to sample injection into the HPLC-MS/MS system. This method was tested in urine samples from non-smokers, smokers, non-smokers with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and smokers with CKD, to assess the level of oxidative damage to nucleic acids. Markers of both RNA and DNA damage were significantly increased in the smokers with and without CKD compared to their respective control subjects. These findings suggest that a highly specific and sensitive analytical method such as isotope dilution HPLC-MS/MS may represent a valuable tool for the measurement of oxidative stress in human subjects.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:21:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Cosenza de Almeida Franco.pdf: 18932279 bytes, checksum: 4fefff2bba5f0f86bb6d112ccaaa7bf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-16 / This dissertation has as the main objective identify the people s perception and appropriation in relation with the urban rivers. The object of this study is the Jacar? brook, which is born and flows into the city named Itatiba (SP). With the help of a schedule and pre established standards, interviews were done with different segments of society organized civil society (ONG JAPPA), the municipal public power (mayor), regional water administration institutions (Committee and Consortium of basins), and common citizens which are familiar with the river. Our interviews interpretations allowed us identify the people s collective feelings about the Jacar? brook in the material area (landscape and environment) such as in the symbolic area (sentimental and affective). The definition of an urban river and its characteristic aspects also appear in this work. It aims to evince the relation between the river (water and river bank) and the population in front of the changes since the first quarter of the twenty century. The space that before was designated to leisure and social conviviality became a space hardly used and an urban level almost zero. What was possible to realize with the theorist base and with the interviews is that the complexities of the morphological dynamic of the cities environment reflect in the changes of the society values that used to be in these spaces. The clean river and the accesses to its bank propitiated activities that today are not possible, not only because of the conviviality space and social meeting, but also because the bad quality of these spaces (water and river banks). This study intended to understand the complexity of the relations in the water and urban environment areas, which embraces aspects of accesses, appropriation and a great faculty in the subjective area. Realize these relations, identify in people the feeling of belonging to a natural good and the values change that occurred contribute to a better understanding about the present scenery that embrace Jacar? brook and the futures perspectives of this relation. / Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo principal identificar a percep??o e a apropria??o das pessoas em rela??o aos rios urbanos. O objeto desse estudo foi o ribeir?o Jacar?, que nasce e des?gua na cidade de Itatiba (SP). Com o aux?lio de um roteiro e de crit?rios pr? estabelecidos, foram realizadas entrevistas com os diferentes segmentos da sociedade sociedade civil organizada (ONG JAPPA), poder p?blico municipal (prefeito), ?rg?os gestores da ?gua em ?mbito regional (Comit? e Cons?rcio de bacias), e, cidad?os comuns que se familiarizam com o rio. A nossa interpreta??o das entrevistas permitiu identificar os sentimentos coletivos das pessoas em rela??o ao ribeir?o Jacar?, tanto no campo f?sico (paisag?stico e ambiental) como no campo simb?lico (sentimental e afetivo). A defini??o de um rio urbano e seus aspectos caracter?sticos tamb?m aparece nesse trabalho. Procurou-se evidenciar a rela??o entre rio (?gua e margem) e a popula??o diante das mudan?as ocorridas a partir do primeiro quarto do s?culo XX. Observouse que um espa?o que antes se designava para o lazer e conv?vio social se transformou em um espa?o pouco utilizado e com um grau de urbanidade quase nulo. O que se p?de perceber com o embasamento te?rico e com as entrevistas ? que as complexidades da din?mica morfol?gica do ambiente das cidades refletem nas mudan?as de valores da sociedade que usufru?a e convivia nesses espa?os. O rio limpo e com disponibilidade de acesso ?s suas margens propiciava atividades que hoje se tornam invi?veis, n?o s? pelo pouco espa?o para o conv?vio e encontro social, mas tamb?m pela m? qualidade desses espa?os (tanto das ?guas quanto das margens). Esse estudo procurou compreender a complexidade das rela??es existentes no ?mbito da ?gua no meio urbano, o que envolve aspectos de acessibilidade, apropria??o e uma grande faculdade no campo subjetivo. Perceber essas rela??es, identificar nas pessoas o sentimento de pertencimento de um bem natural e a mudan?a de valores que ocorreram contribuem para uma melhor compreens?o sobre o cen?rio atual da intera??o do ribeir?o Jacar? na cidade e as perspectivas futuras dessa rela??o.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloCMA_DISSERT.pdf: 4872324 bytes, checksum: c2fbbe9b5d2839b7409ecae2d848efcd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The reality of water resources management in semiarid regions, such as the Serid? region, has been shaped by a complex chain involving social-cultural, political, economic and environmental aspects, covering different spheres of activity - from local to federal. Because water is a scarce element, the most rational way pointed out by our recent history has been to move towards an increasing emphasis on the need for a truly rational, integrated, sustainable and participatory water resources management, supported by legislation and by a network of institutions that could materialize it. In this sense, despite all the advances in the formulation of public policies in water resources, which ones have indeed lead to significant changes that have occurred or are underway in semiarid regions such as Serid?? What factors may be preventing the realization of the desires rationality embedded in the framers of water policies intents? How to properly manage water resources if the current actors who promote their management and the political, human, cultural and institutional processes that intervene in this management, show strong traces of unsustainability? The research methodology adopted in this paper led to a breakdown of the traditional approach to water resource management, to integrate it into other areas of knowledge, especially to political science and public administration, catalyzed by the concept of "sustainable development". From a broad, interdisciplinary literature review, an exhaustive characterization of the river basin Serid?, a set of interviews with key people in the public administration acting in the region, a series of diagnoses and a set of propositions were made in order to correct the direction of current public policies for the region. From the point of view of public policies, it is in the deployment phase, not in its formulation, which lies a major problem of the lack of significant progress in water management. The lack of coordination between government programs are well characterized, as well as the lack of efficiency and effectiveness of their actions. The causes of this secular model are also discussed, including political factors and social relations of production, which led to a stalemate difficult, but of possible solution. It can be perceived there is a scenario of progressive deterioration of natural resources of the fragile ecosystem and a network of environmental and social consequences difficult to reverse, the result of a persistent and inertial sociopolitical culture, whose main factors reinforce itself. The work leads towards a characterization of the water resources management also from the perspective of environmental, institutional, political and human sustainability , the latter being identified, particularly as investment in the development of people as autonomous beings - not based in ideological directives of any kind - in the emancipation of the traditional figure of the poor man of the hinterland" to the "catalyst for change" responsible for their own decisions or omissions, based upon an education for free-thinking that brings each one as co-responsible epicenter of (self-) sustainable changes in their midst / A realidade da gest?o dos recursos h?dricos em regi?es semi?ridas, como ? o caso da regi?o do Serid?, tem sido moldada por uma cadeia complexa envolvendo aspectos socioculturais, pol?ticos, econ?micos e ambientais, abrangendo diferentes esferas de atua??o do local ao federativo. Sendo a ?gua um elemento escasso, o caminho mais racional apontado pela nossa hist?ria recente tem sido o de caminhar no sentido de uma ?nfase cada vez maior na necessidade de uma gest?o verdadeiramente racional, integrada, sustent?vel e participativa dos recursos h?dricos, sustentada por uma legisla??o e por uma rede de institui??es que dessem materialidade a essa gest?o. Nesse sentido, apesar de todos os avan?os na parte de formula??o das pol?ticas p?blicas em recursos h?dricos, quais t?m sido, de fato, as mudan?as significativas que j? ocorreram ou est?o em marcha em regi?es semi?ridas como o Serid?? Quais fatores podem estar impedindo a realiza??o da desejada racionalidade embutida na inten??o dos formuladores das pol?ticas h?dricas? Como gerir adequadamente recursos h?dricos, sendo que os atuais atores que promovem a sua gest?o, os processos pol?ticos, humanos, culturais e institucionais que nesta gest?o interv?m, apresentam fortes tra?os de insustentabilidade? A metodologia de investiga??o adotada nesta disserta??o levou a uma ruptura da tradicional abordagem da gest?o de recursos h?dricos, para integr?-la a outras ?reas do conhecimento, notadamente ?s ci?ncias pol?ticas e ? administra??o p?blica, tendo como elemento agregador o conceito de desenvolvimento sustent?vel . A partir de uma ampla e interdisciplinar an?lise bibliogr?fica, de uma caracteriza??o exaustiva da bacia do rio Serid? e de um conjunto de entrevistas com pessoas-chave da administra??o p?blica atuantes na regi?o, chegou-se a uma s?rie de diagn?sticos e um conjunto de proposi??es para a corre??o de rumos das atuais pol?ticas p?blicas para a regi?o. Sob o ponto de vista das pol?ticas p?blicas, ? na fase de implanta??o, e n?o na de sua formula??o, que reside um dos principais problemas da falta de avan?o consider?vel na gest?o h?drica. A falta de articula??o entre programas governamentais est?o bem caracterizadas, bem como a falta de efici?ncia, efetividade e efic?cia de suas a??es. As causas desse modelo secular s?o tamb?m discutidas, abrangendo fatores pol?ticos e as rela??es sociais e de produ??o, que levaram a um impasse de dif?cil, mas poss?vel solu??o. Como pano de fundo, observa-se um cen?rio de progressiva deteriora??o dos recursos naturais do fr?gil ecossistema e uma rede de consequ?ncias ambientais e sociais dif?ceis de serem revertidas, fruto de uma cultura sociopol?tica persistente e inercial, cujos fatores principais refor?am a si mesma. O trabalho conduz no sentido de uma caracteriza??o da gest?o de recursos h?dricos tamb?m pelo vi?s da sustentabilidade ambiental, institucional, pol?tica e humana, sendo esta ?ltima identificada, sobretudo, como investimento no desenvolvimento das pessoas enquanto seres aut?nomos e n?o no seu adestramento ideol?gico de qualquer natureza -, na emancipa??o da figura tradicional do pobre sertanejo para o agente catalisador de mudan?as respons?vel por suas decis?es ou omiss?es, tendo como fundamento uma educa??o para o livre-pensar que coloque o indiv?duo como epicentro co-respons?vel das mudan?as (auto)sustent?veis em seu meio