Children who grow up in dysfunctional families where they do not have required educational care and model are nowadays focused as frequented. The number of reasons why is a child on the edge of parents´ interests is increasing. Those children are exposed to risky factors much more than the others, because they lack of protection and an educational model. Society´s reaction to this situation is building Low Threshold Institutions which offer ambulatory or filed services to children or youngsters who are endangered by social exclusion. In a theoretical part, there is a comprehensive introduction of issues connected with these building Low Threshold Institutions for children and youngsters (NZDM further). These issues are clearly arranged into chapters which represent legislative fixing of NZDM, its rules and standards. A history of NZDM which has been developed in the Czech Republic dynamically since the 90s to a present form is a part of another chapter. Principles of NZDM, inner rules of provided services, employees and their personal dispositions, education and ethical norms are also describes, as well as services and activities of NZDM which are mainly of advisory and preventive character. The last chapter deals with a target group, which is affected by inner factors primarily developmental psychology of potential clients and outer factors which are socialization ones. A research is based on a qualitative approach where a point of view of the target group on NZDM Srdíčko Jiloro was found out with the aid of data fixing. Another points of interest was employees´ point of view, their professional perception of provided services. Last but not least, subjective view of NZDM from some clients´ parents was put into the research, too. The first aim of the thesis was to find out whether and which relevance the services of NZDM Srdíčko Jiloro have got for the clients. The second one was to identify how the work with clients is going on (e.g. contact work, work with educational situations, motivational dialogues and work with drug themes). Under the terms of an empirical thesis part are introduced data which were gathered into following results NZDM Srdíčko Jiloro has got its own irreplaceable role in the area of Okružní, but the clients are not aware of the fact that NZDM has got any influence on them. They do not use any other alternatives for spending their free time. There are 40 clients and only 2 social workers every day. Clients do not talk about their problems, they say they do not need help. Advantages are that social workers learn with them, help them with their homework, etc. They are also aware of using of leisure time activities and workshops. Social workers and information in files and records of services and activities prove that clients have got problems. These are mostly very grave and that is another reason why Okružní has got its important role. Social workers provide especially consulting, information and situational service, preventive and educational programmes, work with close relatives, etc. Professionals in NZDM and Rehabilitation and Activation Service Sasanka work with whole families and they try to offer complex support and help. Social workers guide clients through their childhood and maturing, they are becoming their guides and mentors, they lead them to positive changes and have got mainly socialization and educative effect. Work with the clients in Okružní is more hectic than in other NZDMs. I think it is primarily because the social workers want to offer services to a maximal number of clients but with the lack of employees and time. Leisure time activities are going on in an ordinary way, but work with children and youngsters in a social unacceptable area needs specific professional and human attitudes and approaches. Because of poor personal sources are social workers forced to a negative trend provide services rather in a quantitative than in a qualitative way.

This work focus to social and educational work with gypsy adolescents in youth club,consistents of worthiness and human rights. This theoretical work describes Gypsies in the territory of Czech republic mainly in present. It defines and describes period of adolescence, it represents differences between of Gypsies adolescence and youth of majority world. This work decribes youth club as one of the recent social services in Czech republic, focus to explanation of principle low-treshold, definition of purposes, target group, offered services and individual planning. This planning is very important for work with these clients in youth club. There is else definition of human worthiness, human rights and theirs setting to national and international legal documents. The ethical dilemmas are described, which the workers in youth club confronted in praxis in the end. The way of possible approach to maintain and support the human worthiness and client´s rights. The aim of this thesis is to show that workers youth club approach based on respect for the dignity and rights of every human being leads the clients to positively influence their personality and morality, to shape their values.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:42:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 setta_n_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1404480 bytes, checksum: e8ca57a6c89dd8308471f12f028ecfe8 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O gênero Zaprionus tem sido eleito como um bom modelo biológico para estudos genéticocomparativos com as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster do gênero Drosophila, embora seu posicionamento filogenético dentro da família Drosophilidae ainda seja controverso. Na presente Tese foi investigada a presença de 10 elementos de transposição (TEs) em Zaprionus indianus e Drosophila malerkotliana, bem como a distribuição, a atividade transcricional e as relações evolutivas de três retrotransposons (copia, gypsy e micropia) em sete espécies do gênero Zaprionus. Para isso, foram empregadas as técnicas de Dot blot, PCR, RT-PCR e seqüenciamento. As seqüências obtidas foram comparadas às dos respectivos elementos das demais espécies de drosofilídeos disponíveis nas bases de dados genômicas. Os resultados indicam que Z. indianus e D. malerkotliana apresentam em seus genomas todos os TEs de D. melanogaster investigados. O retrotransposon copia foi seqüenciado e está transcricionalmente ativo nas sete espécies do gênero Zaprionus e constitui uma nova subfamília relacionada aos elementos do subgrupo melanogaster, que foi denominada subfamília GBFDouble-gap. Por outro lado, os retrotransposons gypsy e micropia foram identificados nas espécies do subgênero Zaprionus, onde também estão transcricionalmente ativos, e pertencem às subfamílias já descritas para as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster. As análises evolutivas sugeriram que esses três retrotransposons devem ter participado de eventos de transferência horizontal com as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster e com pelo menos um doador desconhecido, no caso do retrotransposon micropia. Além disso, o cálculo dos tempos de divergência dos elementos sugere que eles passaram por ondas de transferências horizontais, mais antigas para o retrotransposon copia, e mais recentes para gypsy e micropia. Esses resultados... / The Zaprionus genus has been elected as a good biological model for comparative analyses with the melanogaster subgroup of Drosophila genus, though its phylogenetic positioning within the Drosophilidae family is still controversial. This study aiming at investigating the occurrence of 10 transposable elements (TEs) in Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila malerkotliana species, as well the distribution, transcriptional activity and evolutionary relationships of three retrotransposons (copy, gypsy and micropia) in seven species of Zaprionus genus. To do so, Dot blot, PCR, RT-PCR and sequencing methods were employed. The Zaprionus sequences obtained were compared with the drosophilid sequences available in genomic databases. The results indicated that Z. indianus and D. malerkotliana harbor all D. melanogaster TEs investigated. The copia retrotransposon is present and transcriptionally active in seven species of the Zaprionus genus and represents a new subfamily related to that of the melanogaster subgroup, named as GBFDouble-gap subfamily. Additionally, gypsy and micropia retrotransposons were identified in the Zaprionus species subgenus, which are transcriptionally active and belong to the melanogaster subgroup subfamilies. The evolutionary analysis showed the three retrotransposons could have been involved in horizontal transfer events with species of the melanogaster subgroup for the three retrotransposons and at least one unknown donor regarding to micropia retrotransposon. Moreover, the time of divergence seems to indicate that the retrotransposons experienced horizontal transfer waves, the oldest involving the copia element followed by the gypsy and micropia retrotransposons in more recent times. These results suggest that the horizontal transfer phenomenon has happened repeatedly during the Zaprionus genus and melanogaster subgroup evolution in the Afrotropical region.

Resumo: O gênero Zaprionus tem sido eleito como um bom modelo biológico para estudos genéticocomparativos com as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster do gênero Drosophila, embora seu posicionamento filogenético dentro da família Drosophilidae ainda seja controverso. Na presente Tese foi investigada a presença de 10 elementos de transposição (TEs) em Zaprionus indianus e Drosophila malerkotliana, bem como a distribuição, a atividade transcricional e as relações evolutivas de três retrotransposons (copia, gypsy e micropia) em sete espécies do gênero Zaprionus. Para isso, foram empregadas as técnicas de Dot blot, PCR, RT-PCR e seqüenciamento. As seqüências obtidas foram comparadas às dos respectivos elementos das demais espécies de drosofilídeos disponíveis nas bases de dados genômicas. Os resultados indicam que Z. indianus e D. malerkotliana apresentam em seus genomas todos os TEs de D. melanogaster investigados. O retrotransposon copia foi seqüenciado e está transcricionalmente ativo nas sete espécies do gênero Zaprionus e constitui uma nova subfamília relacionada aos elementos do subgrupo melanogaster, que foi denominada subfamília GBFDouble-gap. Por outro lado, os retrotransposons gypsy e micropia foram identificados nas espécies do subgênero Zaprionus, onde também estão transcricionalmente ativos, e pertencem às subfamílias já descritas para as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster. As análises evolutivas sugeriram que esses três retrotransposons devem ter participado de eventos de transferência horizontal com as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster e com pelo menos um doador desconhecido, no caso do retrotransposon micropia. Além disso, o cálculo dos tempos de divergência dos elementos sugere que eles passaram por ondas de transferências horizontais, mais antigas para o retrotransposon copia, e mais recentes para gypsy e micropia. Esses resultados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The Zaprionus genus has been elected as a good biological model for comparative analyses with the melanogaster subgroup of Drosophila genus, though its phylogenetic positioning within the Drosophilidae family is still controversial. This study aiming at investigating the occurrence of 10 transposable elements (TEs) in Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila malerkotliana species, as well the distribution, transcriptional activity and evolutionary relationships of three retrotransposons (copy, gypsy and micropia) in seven species of Zaprionus genus. To do so, Dot blot, PCR, RT-PCR and sequencing methods were employed. The Zaprionus sequences obtained were compared with the drosophilid sequences available in genomic databases. The results indicated that Z. indianus and D. malerkotliana harbor all D. melanogaster TEs investigated. The copia retrotransposon is present and transcriptionally active in seven species of the Zaprionus genus and represents a new subfamily related to that of the melanogaster subgroup, named as GBFDouble-gap subfamily. Additionally, gypsy and micropia retrotransposons were identified in the Zaprionus species subgenus, which are transcriptionally active and belong to the melanogaster subgroup subfamilies. The evolutionary analysis showed the three retrotransposons could have been involved in horizontal transfer events with species of the melanogaster subgroup for the three retrotransposons and at least one unknown donor regarding to micropia retrotransposon. Moreover, the time of divergence seems to indicate that the retrotransposons experienced horizontal transfer waves, the oldest involving the copia element followed by the gypsy and micropia retrotransposons in more recent times. These results suggest that the horizontal transfer phenomenon has happened repeatedly during the Zaprionus genus and melanogaster subgroup evolution in the Afrotropical region. / Orientador: Cláudia Márcia Aparecida Carareto / Coorientador: Marie Anne Van Sluys / Banca: Hermione Elly Melara de Campos Bicudo / Banca: Maria Magdalena Rossi / Banca: Galina Ananina / Banca: Elgion da Silva Loreto / Doutor

Gypsy mentors deals with lay gypsy persons trained to support and assist gypsy families in their attempts at acquiring social skills needed to tackle difficult situations in life that threaten the proper development of gypsy children and youth. The mentors are members of the gypsy community like their clients and share with them their language and culture. The paper provides a summary of both historical and current aspects of gypsy existence in the Czech Republic, their tribal structure and family lifestyle. Special attention is paid to the issues of social exclusion. A brief account is given of history, mission, objectives, activities and some selected projects of the civic Association for Probation & Mediation in Justice. Moreover, the paper offers a list of principles and areas of activities pursued by the Czech Republic Probation & Mediation Service and by the Department for Social & Legal Protection of Children. The paper aims to explore the issues of field work done by the gypsy mentors (i) in helping the challenged gypsy families threatened with having their children or youngsters taken away to be brought up at care institutions and (ii) in assisting young gypsies put under administrative orders. The practical part of the paper employed the method of a qualitative survey of a case study. The required data were obtained through detailed semi-structured interviews with the mentors followed by the secondary data analyses.

Abstract
 An archive of applica/ons for cer/ficates under 255/1946, where are since 1946 un/l now almost 150,000 applica/ons, includs requests from survivors from Jewish and Roma families or their descendants. The aim of the work is to observe several levels reflec/ng comensa/on of survivors, difficult accep/on, respec/vely ignorance of the process of the Roma Holocaust in the Protectorate and, at the same /me, the gradual shaping of awareness of it as a part of the post-war rela/onship of the non-Roma and Roma of Czechoslovak society to this war genocide.The key to the selec/on of applica/ons by Roma applicants for in-depth analysis and linking with other sources rela/ng to their pre-war, war and post-war life is the list of prisoners of the so-called Gypsy Camp at Lety u Písku by C/bor Nečas Key words: Holocaust of the Roma, the so-called Gypsy camp in Lety u Písku, survivors, compensa/on

This thesis is focused on the phenomenon of the social exclusion to the specifications of socially excluded children. My target was to answer these questions: How children threatened by social exclusion spend their free time? Are they satisfied with these ways and do they feel any limitations to spend a free time in different way? The theoretical part I focused on the theoretical definitions of the concept of social exclusion and other theoretical related concepts like integration, social inclusion or culture of poverty. Further I was dealing with definition of free time and in addition I described briefly a town called Neratovice where children participated in my research live, visit the school or do some leisure activities. For the research, I selected a quantitative research method - four semi-standardized interviews with children threatened by social exclusion at the age of 6-11 years. In addition children drew a time schedule of their common week day and weekend day. In practical part I analyzed the data from research, compare it with the data from other researches and suggest some recommendation based on these data in theoretical context published in theoretical part. Key words: social exclusion, integration, social inclusion, culture of poverty, Gypsy, free time, leisure activities, children

No description available.

No description available.

This work is dealing with specific issue of work with gypsy clients of social settlements. The teoretic part is bordered on one side by characteristic of gypsy ethnic in Czech republic and its contemporary situation, and on the other side by general characteristic of social servicies and settlements and by activity of social settlements for children and youth. The end of theoretic part of this work is focused on example of good practice in the Center-Bohemian region, concretely in social settlements for children and youth {--} called {\clq},Domek``. The practic part contains results gained from semi-structured interviews with Center-Bohemian social settlements' workers, who are dealing directly with gypsy users. The results show that the majority of inquiered workers reflect the difference in servicies-provision of social settlemets for children and youth for gypsy and not-gypsy users. They consider as a specific attitude mainly understanding in communication and the respect of different emotional displays during communication. The majority of inquired workers confirmed the use of mentioned specific methods of work towards gypsy users. The next finding was that the work with gypsy users estimates a certain knowledge and skills of worker in social settlements for children and youth.