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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Tephrostratigraphy and hominin paleoenvironments of the Hadar Formation, Afar Depression, Ethiopia

Campisano, Christopher James. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2007. / "Graduate Program in Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 566-600).
2

A Contribution to the Evolutionary History of Ethiopian Hipparionine Horses (Mammalia, Equidae): Morphometric Evidence From de Postcranial Skeleton

Bernor, Raymond L., Scott, Robert S., Haile-Selassie, Yohannes 01 March 2005 (has links) (PDF)
A morphometric analysis of third metapodials and first phalanges of Middle Awash and Hadar hipparions dating from the 6.0-3.0 Ma interval was conducted using two methods. Morphological comparisons using standard metrics were made using: 1) log10 ratio diagrams; 2) size independent variables developed with reference to scaling trends for hipparions in general. Results of these analyses suggest that hipparion diversity during this temporal interval was relatively low. A single dominant gracile lineage of Eurygnathohippus Van Hoepen, 1930, most plausibly derived from the Lothagam (Kenya) species Eurygnathohippus feibeli (Bernor & Harris, 2003), would appear to have persisted throughout this interval and is marked by increases in size with measured change in metapodial and phalangeal morphology. A rarer, more robust form is found in the Ethiopian sample at 4.0 Ma and is morphometrically similar to Eurygnathohippus turkanense Hooijer & Maglio, 1973 from late Miocene horizons of Lothagam. Another smaller form, of uncertain systematic status, appears likely late in the Kada Hadar sequence, c. 3.0 Ma.
3

Implementación de pruebas de PCR para el diagnóstico serotipo-específico de Salmonella enterica serotipos Hadar y Typhimurium

Aguilera Ríos, Yasna Karina January 2015 (has links)
Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico Veterinario / Los serotipos de Salmonella tradicionalmente se han clasificado mediante métodos serológicos que determinan antígenos somáticos y flagelares específicos. Sin embargo, este método diagnóstico es caro y tarda mucho tiempo en dar un resultado ya que requiere implementar una batería de anticuerpos para detectar los más de 2.500 serotipos de Salmonella enterica que se han identificado. Por otra parte, la identificación molecular de los genes responsables de la expresión de antígenos flagelares son más rápidos y más sensibles que la identificación serológica. Es por esto que, en la presente memoria se implementaron pruebas de PCR para identificar S. enterica serotipos Typhimurium y Hadar, ambas incluidas en un plan nacional de control de Salmonella en establecimientos comerciales de aves. Se analizaron 135 cepas, 50 correspondientes a S. Typhimurium, 50 a S. Hadar y 35 enterobacterias como controles negativos. Estas cepas, previamente serotipificadas en el Instituto de Salud Pública (ISP), fueron sometidas a la prueba de PCR para determinar si existen diferencias de diagnóstico entre ambas técnicas. Del total de cepas analizadas, sólo 46 cepas de S. Typhimurium dieron positivas a la prueba de PCR y cuatro dieron negativas, mientras que las 50 cepas de S. Hadar dieron positivas a las dos pruebas de PCR. Las 35 enterobacterias dieron negativas a las 3 pruebas de PCR. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en el estudio, la detección de antígenos mediante serotipificación y PCR para las cepas de S. Typhimurium fue menor al esperado (92%), a diferencia de lo que ocurrió con las cepas de S. Hadar en que hubo 100% de acuerdo entre ambas técnicas, sugiriendo que esta prueba de detección de Salmonella es posible reemplazarla por los métodos tradicionales de identificación y así poder acelerar el diagnóstico de esta bacteria de gran importancia para la salud pública
4

Pesquisa de fatores associados à virulência de Salmonella Hadar através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR)

Cesco, Marco Aurélio de Oliveira January 2010 (has links)
A Salmonella continua sendo um dos principais problemas para a avicultura mundial. Os mecanismos pelos quais ela interage com o seu hospedeiro para causar doenças são complexos e dependem de vários fatores que ainda não foram completamente elucidados. Ainda estamos começando a entender como esse mecanismo funciona a nível molecular. Genes associados à virulência, resistência a antimicrobianos e adaptação ao meio em que vivem são considerados fatores de virulência em todas as bactérias. Neste trabalho sete protocolos para PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction), testados internacionalmente, foram padronizados para a pesquisa de genes associados à virulência de Salmonella sp. em sua fase de aderência e invasão celular. Após a padronização dos protocolos, foi realizada a pesquisa desses sete genes em 41 amostras de Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), levando-se em conta a importância que esse sorovar vem adquirindo nos últimos anos. Também foram traçados o perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos e o perfil bioquímico nessas amostras de S. Hadar. Os sete protocolos para PCR se mostram viáveis para a pesquisa dos genes. Ao analisar as 41 amostras de S. Hadar para os genes estudados neste trabalho foram encontrados quatro perfis genéticos diferentes, sendo que apenas os genes sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) e avrA (Avirulence), apresentando positividade em 4 e 7 amostras respectivamente, variaram entre os perfis. No teste com os antimicrobianos 73,17% das cepas se mostraram resistentes para a tetraciclina e ainda foram observados altos índices de resistência para a estreptomicina (31,70%) e ampicilina (29,27%). 13 cepas apresentaram multiresistência, sendo assim resistentes a dois ou mais agentes antimicrobianos. Os testes bioquímicos confirmaram todas as amostras como pertencentes ao gênero Salmonella, apresentando variações apenas nos testes de TSI em sua região de bisel, LIA em sua região de bisel, citrato e principalmente a arginina e o dulcitol. / Salmonella remains one of the biggest problems for the poultry industry. The mechanisms by which it interacts with its host to cause disease are complex and depend on several factors that have not been fully elucidated. Although we are just beginning to understand how this mechanism works at a molecular level. Genes associated with virulence, antibiotic resistance and adaptation to environment are considered virulence factors in all bacteria. In this work seven protocols for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), tested internationally, have been standardized for detection of genes associated with virulence of Salmonella sp. in its phase of adhesion and cell invasion. After the standardization of protocols, was performed a research for this seven genes in 41 strains of Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), considering the importance of this serovar has acquired in the last years. Were also tested the antimicrobial resistance profile and biochemical profile in these samples of S. Hadar. The seven protocols for PCR are shown viable to the research of genes. Analyzing the 41 samples of S. Hadar for the genes studied in this work were found four different genetic profiles, in with only the sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) and avrA (Avirulence) genes varied between the profiles, showing positivity in 4 and 7 samples respectively. In the test with the antimicrobials agents 73,17% of the strains proved resistant for tetracycline, and were still observed high levels of resistance to streptomycin (31,70%) and ampicillin (29,27%). Thirteen strains showed multidrug resistance, being resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Biochemical tests confirmed all samples as belonging to the genus Salmonella, with variations only in the tests of TSI in the region of the bezel, LIA in the region of bezel, citrate and especially arginine and dulcitol.
5

Tephrostratigraphy of Pliocene Drill Cores from Kenya and Ethiopia, and Pleistocene Exposures in the Ledi-Geraru Research Project Area, Ethiopia: Geological Context for the Evolution of Australopithecus and Homo

January 2019 (has links)
abstract: East African extensional basins have played a crucial role in revealing the evolution and characteristics of the early stages of continental rifting and for providing the geological context of hominin evolution and innovation. The numerous volcanic eruptions, rapid sedimentation and burial, and subsequent exposure through faulting and erosion, provide excellent conditions for the preservation of tectonic history, paleoenvironment data, and vertebrate fossils. The reconstruction of depositional environments and provision of geochronologic frameworks for hominin sites have been largely provided by geologic investigations in conjunction with paleontological studies, like the Ledi-Geraru Research Project (LGRP). High-resolution paleoclimate records that can be directly linked to hominin fossil outcrops have been developed by the Hominin Sites and Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP) which collected sedimentary-paleolake cores at or near key hominin fossil sites. Two chapters of this dissertation are a result of research associated with the HSPDP. For HSPDP, I establish a tephrostratigraphic framework for the drill cores from the Northern Awash (Afar, Ethiopia) and Baringo-Tugen Hills-Barsemoi (Kenya) HSPDP sites. I characterize and fingerprint tephra through glass shard and feldspar phenocryst geochemistry. From tephra geochemical analyses, I establish chronostratigraphic ties between the HSPDP cores’ high-resolution paleoclimate records to outcrop stratigraphy which are associated with hominin fossils sites. Three chapters of this dissertation are a result of field work with the LGRP. I report new geological investigations (stratigraphic, tectonic, and volcanic) of two previously unmapped regions from the eastern Ledi-Geraru (ELG), Asboli and Markaytoli. Building upon this research I present interpretations from tephra analyses, detailed stratigraphic analyses, and geologic mapping, of the Pleistocene (~2.6 to < 2.45 Ma) basin history for the LGRP. My work with the LGRP helps to reconstruct a more complete Early Pleistocene depositional and geologic history of the lower Awash Valley. Overall, this dissertation contributes to the reconstruction of hominin paleoenvironments and the geochronological framework of the Pliocene and Pleistocene faunal/hominin records. It further contributes to rift basin history in East Africa by elaborating the later structural and stratigraphic history of the lower Awash region. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Geological Sciences 2019
6

Pesquisa de fatores associados à virulência de Salmonella Hadar através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR)

Cesco, Marco Aurélio de Oliveira January 2010 (has links)
A Salmonella continua sendo um dos principais problemas para a avicultura mundial. Os mecanismos pelos quais ela interage com o seu hospedeiro para causar doenças são complexos e dependem de vários fatores que ainda não foram completamente elucidados. Ainda estamos começando a entender como esse mecanismo funciona a nível molecular. Genes associados à virulência, resistência a antimicrobianos e adaptação ao meio em que vivem são considerados fatores de virulência em todas as bactérias. Neste trabalho sete protocolos para PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction), testados internacionalmente, foram padronizados para a pesquisa de genes associados à virulência de Salmonella sp. em sua fase de aderência e invasão celular. Após a padronização dos protocolos, foi realizada a pesquisa desses sete genes em 41 amostras de Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), levando-se em conta a importância que esse sorovar vem adquirindo nos últimos anos. Também foram traçados o perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos e o perfil bioquímico nessas amostras de S. Hadar. Os sete protocolos para PCR se mostram viáveis para a pesquisa dos genes. Ao analisar as 41 amostras de S. Hadar para os genes estudados neste trabalho foram encontrados quatro perfis genéticos diferentes, sendo que apenas os genes sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) e avrA (Avirulence), apresentando positividade em 4 e 7 amostras respectivamente, variaram entre os perfis. No teste com os antimicrobianos 73,17% das cepas se mostraram resistentes para a tetraciclina e ainda foram observados altos índices de resistência para a estreptomicina (31,70%) e ampicilina (29,27%). 13 cepas apresentaram multiresistência, sendo assim resistentes a dois ou mais agentes antimicrobianos. Os testes bioquímicos confirmaram todas as amostras como pertencentes ao gênero Salmonella, apresentando variações apenas nos testes de TSI em sua região de bisel, LIA em sua região de bisel, citrato e principalmente a arginina e o dulcitol. / Salmonella remains one of the biggest problems for the poultry industry. The mechanisms by which it interacts with its host to cause disease are complex and depend on several factors that have not been fully elucidated. Although we are just beginning to understand how this mechanism works at a molecular level. Genes associated with virulence, antibiotic resistance and adaptation to environment are considered virulence factors in all bacteria. In this work seven protocols for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), tested internationally, have been standardized for detection of genes associated with virulence of Salmonella sp. in its phase of adhesion and cell invasion. After the standardization of protocols, was performed a research for this seven genes in 41 strains of Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), considering the importance of this serovar has acquired in the last years. Were also tested the antimicrobial resistance profile and biochemical profile in these samples of S. Hadar. The seven protocols for PCR are shown viable to the research of genes. Analyzing the 41 samples of S. Hadar for the genes studied in this work were found four different genetic profiles, in with only the sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) and avrA (Avirulence) genes varied between the profiles, showing positivity in 4 and 7 samples respectively. In the test with the antimicrobials agents 73,17% of the strains proved resistant for tetracycline, and were still observed high levels of resistance to streptomycin (31,70%) and ampicillin (29,27%). Thirteen strains showed multidrug resistance, being resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Biochemical tests confirmed all samples as belonging to the genus Salmonella, with variations only in the tests of TSI in the region of the bezel, LIA in the region of bezel, citrate and especially arginine and dulcitol.
7

Pesquisa de fatores associados à virulência de Salmonella Hadar através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR)

Cesco, Marco Aurélio de Oliveira January 2010 (has links)
A Salmonella continua sendo um dos principais problemas para a avicultura mundial. Os mecanismos pelos quais ela interage com o seu hospedeiro para causar doenças são complexos e dependem de vários fatores que ainda não foram completamente elucidados. Ainda estamos começando a entender como esse mecanismo funciona a nível molecular. Genes associados à virulência, resistência a antimicrobianos e adaptação ao meio em que vivem são considerados fatores de virulência em todas as bactérias. Neste trabalho sete protocolos para PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction), testados internacionalmente, foram padronizados para a pesquisa de genes associados à virulência de Salmonella sp. em sua fase de aderência e invasão celular. Após a padronização dos protocolos, foi realizada a pesquisa desses sete genes em 41 amostras de Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), levando-se em conta a importância que esse sorovar vem adquirindo nos últimos anos. Também foram traçados o perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos e o perfil bioquímico nessas amostras de S. Hadar. Os sete protocolos para PCR se mostram viáveis para a pesquisa dos genes. Ao analisar as 41 amostras de S. Hadar para os genes estudados neste trabalho foram encontrados quatro perfis genéticos diferentes, sendo que apenas os genes sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) e avrA (Avirulence), apresentando positividade em 4 e 7 amostras respectivamente, variaram entre os perfis. No teste com os antimicrobianos 73,17% das cepas se mostraram resistentes para a tetraciclina e ainda foram observados altos índices de resistência para a estreptomicina (31,70%) e ampicilina (29,27%). 13 cepas apresentaram multiresistência, sendo assim resistentes a dois ou mais agentes antimicrobianos. Os testes bioquímicos confirmaram todas as amostras como pertencentes ao gênero Salmonella, apresentando variações apenas nos testes de TSI em sua região de bisel, LIA em sua região de bisel, citrato e principalmente a arginina e o dulcitol. / Salmonella remains one of the biggest problems for the poultry industry. The mechanisms by which it interacts with its host to cause disease are complex and depend on several factors that have not been fully elucidated. Although we are just beginning to understand how this mechanism works at a molecular level. Genes associated with virulence, antibiotic resistance and adaptation to environment are considered virulence factors in all bacteria. In this work seven protocols for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), tested internationally, have been standardized for detection of genes associated with virulence of Salmonella sp. in its phase of adhesion and cell invasion. After the standardization of protocols, was performed a research for this seven genes in 41 strains of Salmonella Hadar (S. Hadar), considering the importance of this serovar has acquired in the last years. Were also tested the antimicrobial resistance profile and biochemical profile in these samples of S. Hadar. The seven protocols for PCR are shown viable to the research of genes. Analyzing the 41 samples of S. Hadar for the genes studied in this work were found four different genetic profiles, in with only the sopE (Salmonella Outer Protein) and avrA (Avirulence) genes varied between the profiles, showing positivity in 4 and 7 samples respectively. In the test with the antimicrobials agents 73,17% of the strains proved resistant for tetracycline, and were still observed high levels of resistance to streptomycin (31,70%) and ampicillin (29,27%). Thirteen strains showed multidrug resistance, being resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Biochemical tests confirmed all samples as belonging to the genus Salmonella, with variations only in the tests of TSI in the region of the bezel, LIA in the region of bezel, citrate and especially arginine and dulcitol.

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