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31	Wilaat Hooxhl Nisga’ahl (Galdoo’o) (Ýans): Gik’uuhl-gi, Guuń-sa ganhl Angoogaḿ = Using plants the Nisga'a way : past, present and future use / Using plants the Nisga'a way : past, present and future use Burton, Carla M. 07 January 2013 (has links) This dissertation was undertaken in collaboration with the Nisga’a First Nation of northwestern British Columbia to document their traditional plant knowledge. This information was gathered through collaborative audio recorded open-ended discussion with 21 Nisga’a elders, supplemented with material from the published literature and archival sources. Background information with respect to the Nisga’a culture, language, geography, plant classification and resource management is documented in the past and as exercised today. Nisga’a names or uses of 110 plant species are described. Of these, 72 species were documented as having been used for food, 52 for medicinal purposes; 12 for spiritual purposes and 70 for technological purposes. The role of plants in traditional Nisga’a culture is further explored through comparisons of plant distribution, plant names and pre-contact trade between the Nisga’a and their immediate neighbours, the Gitxsan, Tsimshian, Haida, Tahltan and Tlingit First Nations. Maps are presented which highlight the distribution of seven plant species traditionally important in these cultures: Shepherdia canadensis (soapberry), Vaccinium membranaceum (black huckleberry), Oplopanax horridus (devil’s club), Corylus cornuta (beaked hazelnut), Malus fusca (Pacific crabapple), Veratrum viride (false hellebore), and Taxus brevifolia (western yew). Currently, one of the plants most important to the Nisga’a is wa’ums or devil’s club (Oplopanax horridus). Devil’s club stems were measured in clearcuts of different ages to examine how quickly this important spiritual and medicinal species recovers after logging. Results suggest that although devil’s club does persist after clearcut logging, stems of a suitable size are rarely found in cutblocks less than 10 years old and that time since logging only partially accounts for the persistence or recovery of this species. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of historical Nisga’a plant knowledge. The gender of those who have held and transmitted traditional knowledge and the gender of present knowledge holders is tabulated and discussed. Results suggest that although both men and women hold and pass on traditional knowledge, women were and still are more commonly involved in its transmission to the next generation. Current plant uses are highlighted and prospects for the sustainable use of plants for personal and commercial purposes are discussed. / Graduate Ethnobotany First Nations Nisga'a Northwestern British Columbia Nass River devil's club Oplopanax horridus trading patterns Tsimshian Haida Gitxsan Tahltan Tlingit Traditional plant knowledge Non-timber Forest Products
32	Understanding the Future of Native Values at an Alaska Native Corporation Cheney, Gail 28 February 2014 (has links) No description available. Organizational Behavior Native Americans Ethnographic Futures Research Methods Alaska Native Corporation Native Values Native Americans Tlingit Haida Integration of values ANCSA Organizational Psychology Indigenous Values Corporate Values Corporations leadership
33	Paleoethnobotany of Kilgii Gwaay: a 10,700 year old Ancestral Haida Archaeological Wet Site Cohen, Jenny Micheal 03 December 2014 (has links) This thesis is a case study using paleoethnobotanical analysis of Kilgii Gwaay, a 10,700-year-old wet site in southern Haida Gwaii to explore the use of plants by ancestral Haida. The research investigated questions of early Holocene wood artifact technologies and other plant use before the large-scale arrival of western redcedar (Thuja plicata), a cultural keystone species for Haida in more recent times. The project relied on small-scale excavations and sampling from two main areas of the site: a hearth complex and an activity area at the edge of a paleopond. The archaeobotanical assemblage from these two areas yielded 23 plant taxa representing 14 families in the form of wood, charcoal, seeds, and additional plant macrofossils. A salmonberry and elderberry processing area suggests a seasonal summer occupation. Hemlock wedges and split spruce wood and roots show evidence for wood-splitting technology. The assemblage demonstrates potential for site interpretation based on archaeobotanical remains for the Northwest Coast of North America and highlights the importance of these otherwise relatively unknown plant resources from this early time period. / Graduate / cohenjenny2@gmail.com Kilgii Gwaay paleoethnobotany Haida Gwaii archaeology paleoenvironment archaeobotany plant macrofossils macrobotanical seed identification early Holocene Northwest Coast Pacific Northwest keystone species salmonberry red elderberry Sitka spruce western hemlock western redcedar paleontology Haida culture history split wood technology split spruce root tools berries Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve wet site
34	Canoes and colony: the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural engagement in the colonial context of British Columbia (1849-1871) Wenstob, Stella Maris 15 April 2015 (has links) The cedar dugout canoe is iconically associated with First Nations peoples of the Pacific Northwest coast, but the vital contribution it made to the economic and social development of British Columbia is historically unrecognized. This beautifully designed and crafted oceangoing vessel, besides being a prized necessity to the maritime First Nations peoples, was an essential transportation link for European colonists. In speed, maneuverability, and carrying capacity it vied with any other seagoing technology of the time. The dugout canoe became an important site of engagement between First Nations peoples and settlers. European produced textual and visual records of the colonial period are examined to analyze the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural interaction with a focus upon the European representation. This research asks: Was the First Nations' dugout canoe essential to colonial development in British Columbia and, if so, were the First Nations acknowledged for this vital contribution? Analysis of primary archival resources (letters and journals), images (photographs, sketches and paintings) and colonial publications, such as the colonial dispatches, memoirs and newspaper accounts, demonstrate that indeed the dugout canoe and First Nations canoeists were essential to the development of the colony of British Columbia. However, these contributions were differentially acknowledged as the colony shifted from a fur trade-oriented operation to a settler-centric development that emphasized the alienation of First Nations’ land for settler use. By focusing research on the dugout canoe and its use and depiction by Europeans, connections between European colonists and First Nations canoeists, navigators and manufacturers are foregrounded. This focus brings together these two key historical players demonstrating their “entangled” nature (Thomas 1991:139) and breaking down “silences” and “trivializations” in history (Trouillot 1995:96), working to build an inclusive and connected history of colonial British Columbia. / Graduate dugout canoe cedar canoe Pacific Northwest coast British Columbia history Colonial development Colonial period (1849-1871) Canadian history Indigenous labour Indigenous technology Intercultural engagement Entanglement Representation First Nations peoples Art history Settler Newcomer-aboriginal relations Kwakwa̱ka̱’wakw Transportation Erasure/ silences Hidden history Material culture studies Recreation Regatta mail delivery surveying Shared history Coast Salish Nuu-chah-nulth Haida Maritime technology Cultural anthropology Ethnohistory Labour studies Heiltsuk Visual anthropology Verbal representation

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