Thèse (M.E.S.R.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. 211-215. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thèse (M. Sc.) -- Université Laval, 1998. / Bibliogr.: f. 139-156. Publié aussi en version électronique.

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L’utilisation croissante de l’informatique et de l’Internet ne cesse de se démentir. Si des études d’usage(s) se multiplient en France, elles sont très inégales selon les publics. Notre recherche interroge les usages et les pratiques d’interventions spécialisées avec les outils informatiques et le média Internet pour des personnes handicapées mentales en institution. Pour ce faire, nous déployons une méthodologie mixte combinant une enquête par questionnaires, des entretiens et des observations in situ. Avant de traiter de la problématique transversale des usages et pratiques, nous menons une méta-réflexion sur le "comment faire" de la recherche sur et pour le handicap mental. Notre description des usages apporte un éclairage sur les logiques organisationnelles, sociales et économiques (offre commerciale et industrielle). Elle nous amène à reconsidérer ces usages et pratiques à l’aune de leur hybridité. Marqués par un brouillage disciplinaire, nous les (re)qualifions de socio-(ré)éducommunicationnels pour rendre compte d’une tension entre interventions sociales, rééducatives, éducatives et communicationnelles. Des logiques d’usages, émerge aussi la question de la "médiatisation des instances de médiation" selon un processus de construction et de changement des pratiques (actualisation, régularité et cristallisation). In fine, ces outils et/ou médias condensent des tensions tout en révélant des enjeux : transformation des formes organisationnelles du "milieu clos" à l’ "auto-éco-organisation", "mutation des postures, compétences et légitimités professionnelles" ainsi qu’amélioration des situations de vie des personnes handicapées (énovation et "processus de personnalisation") / The increasing use of computers and the Internet does not stop contradicting itself. If practical studies multiply in France, they are very uneven according to the public. Our research questions the manners and the practices of interventions in connection with data processing tools and the Internet media and conceived for mentally deficient persons. Therefore, we adopted a mixed methodology combining a survey through questionnaires, interviews and observations in situ. Before dealing with the transverse problem of manners and practices, we lead a large brainstorming on how to conduct the research on and for the mental handicap. Our description of the manners highlights the organizational, social and economic logics (commercial and industrial offer). It brings us to reconsider these manners and practices in the alder of their hybridity. Marked by a disciplinary jamming, we (re)qualify them of socio-(re)educommunicational to report a tension between interventions qualified as social, re-educational, educational and communicational. These results order us to question the mediatization of the mediation authorities according to a process of construction and modification of current practices (updating, regularity and crystallization). In fine, these tools and\or media condense tensions while revealing stakes: transformation of the organizational forms of the closed environment in the auto-eco-organization, the mutation of the postures, the skills and the professional legitimacies as well as improvement of the situations of life of the disabled persons (énovation and personalization process)

I try to create a discussion about barrier-free of Faculty of Fine arts VUT Brno. Then i made a symbolic elevator and collection to rebuild a buildings of FaVU. My target is change a attitude of school leaders, employer and students of FaVU, to make a barrier-free school.

This study was conducted in order to investigate the hypothesis that the vocational rehabilitation training situation is itself therapeutic. The training situation is of course attempting to complete the final phase of rehabilitation by actually helping the handicapped individual to go out into the world again as a productive human being.

The self-perceived hearing aid benefit of 38 participants was examined. Of the 38 subjects, 8 were found to have an auditory processing disorder as measured by the Dichotic Sentence Identification (DSI). When compared to the non-APD subjects, there were essentially no significant differences on the APHAB or COSI outcome measures. However, two of the 5 scales of the CHPI did show significant differences. In conclusion, these results do not support the notion of APD having a negative effect on hearing aid benefit. No finding in this study was robust and although there were several trends supporting that APD may impede an individual from receiving their full potential of benefit, this finding is not necessarily so.

Due to the passage of Public Law 94-142 (1975), widespread attempts have been made to integrate children who have handicaps into settings with their non handicapped peers. Although integrated settings may provide the opportunity for social interaction to occur between children with and without handicaps, often interaction does not occur. In order to address the issue of how to best facilitate appropriate interactions in integrated settings, specialized programs such as the FMS buddy system (Quintero, Phelps, Striefel, & Killoran, 1987) have been developed to promote positive social interactions between children with and without handicaps. One important aspect programs such as the buddy system have not fully considered is the differential impact a non handicapped child could have on the level of social interaction of the child with handicaps. The impact the non-handicapped buddy could make if constantly paired with the same child with handicaps may be different than the one a non-handicapped child could make if paired, over time , in an alternating sequence with different children who have handicaps. In response to the question of possible differential impact, a single subject multiple baseline design was utilized to compare the effect constant buddies and rotating buddies had on the social interactions of 8 children who had handicaps. The intervention included training the buddies on how to interact with children who have handicaps and providing the opportunity for the children with and without handicaps to play together. Treatment effects were measured by direct observations of social interactions between the children with and without handicaps during free play and buddy sessions, sociometric measures, and attitude measures. Results indicated that pairing children who have handicaps with a non-handicapped buddy increased social interactions between children with and without handicaps during buddy sessions. The level of interaction achieved during buddy sessions was not fully generalized to subsequent free play sessions. Buddies from constant dyads rated their playmates who had handicaps sociometrically higher than buddies from rotating dyads. Non-handicapped children who served as buddies rated their buddy experience favorably. Suggestions for future research in this area are made.

Cette thèse porte sur l’emploi des femmes handicapées chinoises. Elle a pour objectif de documenter l’expérience des femmes handicapées chinoises sur le marché du travail, d’explorer comment les oppressions de genre et de handicap sont interreliées pour construire leur situation d’emploi spécifique, de refléter leurs réactions à une telle situation d’emploi et de comprendre leurs besoins spécifiques en matière d’emploi pour fournir des conseils au gouvernement chinois sur l’élaboration, la promulgation ou l’amélioration des lois et des règlements à leur égard. Elle cherche à répondre aux questions : comment les femmes handicapées chinoises vivent-elles leur relation au marché du travail ? Dans quelle mesure les femmes handicapées ont-elles des difficultés à entrer sur le marché du travail et à se maintenir en poste ? Comment réagissent-elles les femmes handicapées à une telle situation d’emploi ? Comment peut-on améliorer leur emploi du point de vue des femmes handicapées ? Elle est réalisée à partir de 13 entretiens semi-dirigés avec des femmes handicapées âgées de 18 à 54 ans. Elle combine la perspective de Revillard, qui propose de comprendre le handicap par l’expérience sociale du handicap, avec l’approche féministe matérialiste, l’approche féministe intersectionnelle et la perspective des droits de la personne pour comprendre les obstacles que rencontrent les femmes handicapées chinoises en ce qui a trait à l’emploi.