Introdução: Nos dias de hoje, possibilitar o acesso à informação com os mais diferentes meios de comunicação torna-se fundamental e ao mesmo tempo desafiador. Deste modo, qualquer estratégia utilizada é importante. A educação a distancia figura como a estratégia facilitadora para o acesso de informação, informação esta que poderá repercutir na qualidade de vida do indivíduo se consideramos, por exemplo, os programas de capacitação com a temática que envolve saúde auditiva. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo criar uma rede de aprendizagem colaborativa como modelo de educação em saúde auditiva, por meio da Teleducação Interativa e analisar a eficácia do mesmo. Metodologia: o estudo foi realizado em 4 escolas da rede pública da cidade de Bauru. Participaram dessa proposta 38 alunos do 9o ano, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 14 e 15 anos. O programa de capacitação apresentou duração média de 4 meses em cada escola e foi dividido em 2 etapas, a primeira englobando a elaboração dos módulos educacionais, desenvolvimento do programa de capacitação, atividades presenciais, atividades a distancia e atividades práticas na temática de saúde auditiva e, a segunda etapa consistiu na avaliação da eficácia do programa. Foi desenvolvido o Cybertutor sobre o tema saúde auditiva, com o intuito de complementar o aprendizado, disponibilizado na internet, e os participantes tinham livre acesso. A atividade presencial continha a apresentação de aulas expositivas, conteúdos gráficos e audiovisuais. Na atividade a distância, o conteúdo educacional foi apresentado aos alunos por meio da Teleducação Interativa. Nesta fase, os alunos tiveram acesso ao Cybertutor. Após o período de capacitação, os estudantes intitulados Jovens Doutores, realizaram a atividade prática tendo como proposta a multiplicação do conhecimento adquirido. Para mensurar a eficácia do programa de capacitação foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Situação-Problema, Escala Lickert de Atitudes Sociais em Relação à inclusão (ELASI) e Ficha de Pesquisa Motivacional (FPM). Resultados: Os resultados das avaliações pré e pós-teste do Questionário Situação-Problema e da ELASI, revelaram que o programa de capacitação desenvolvido foi eficaz, pois proporcionou à construção do conhecimento e o desenvolvimento de atitudes mais favoráveis em relação à inclusão. A FPM demonstrou um índice de motivação em relação à participação altamente positivo, avaliando o programa como Impressionante. Conclusões: O presente estudo permitiu concluir que foi desenvolvido um programa educacional utilizando a Teleducação Interativa como modelo de educação em saúde auditiva. Este programa foi eficaz, pois proporcionou o aprendizado dos alunos das escolas participantes. A elaboração deste modelo de capacitação alcançou um índice de motivação em relação à participação altamente positivo. Mostrou ser uma proposta eficiente de educação na temática sobre a saúde auditiva, podendo ser considerada uma importante estratégia de consolidação da inclusão do deficiente auditivo na comunidade. Na avaliação realizada nas escolas participantes do projeto, a utilização da metodologia do programa Projeto Jovem Doutor estimulou e motivou os participantes a realizarem a multiplicação do conhecimento adquirido, portanto, evidenciou ser um programa eficaz de educação em saúde auditiva, podendo ser utilizado para a capacitação de outras populações. / Introduction: Nowadays, providing access to information with the most different types of media becomes crucial and challenging at the same time. Therefore, any strategy used is important. The distance education appears as a strategy for facilitating access to information, this information that may impact on the quality of life for the individual to consider, for example, programs with the theme that involves hearing health. Objective: This study aimed to create a network of collaborative learning as an educational model for hearing health, tele-education through interactive and analyze the effectiveness of it. Methodology: The study was conducted in four public schools in Bauru. Thirty eight 9th grader students participated in this proposal , both male and female, between 14 and 15 years old. The training program had a mean duration of 4 months in each school and was divided into 2 phases, the first covering the development of educational modules, development of the training program, classroom activities, distance activities and practical activities in the thematic hearing health and the second step was to assess the effectiveness of the program. There was a Cybertutor developed on the hearing health issue, in order to complement the learning available on the Internet, and participants had free access. The classroom activity contained presentation of lectures, graphics and audiovisual content. In the distance learning activity, the educational content was presented to the students through interactive tele-education. At this stage, students had access to Cybertutor. After the training period, the students titled \"Young Doctors\", carried out the practical activity proposing multiplication of the acquired knowledge. To measure the effectiveness of the training program the following instruments were applied: Questionnaire Situation-Problem, Lickert Scale of Social Attitudes Toward Inclusion (ELASI) Form and Motivational Research (FPM). Results: The results of pre-and post-test of the questionnaire Situation- Problem and ELASI revealed that the training program developed was effective because it provided for the construction of knowledge and the development of more favorable attitudes toward inclusion. The FPM showed an index of motivation in relation to highly positive participation, evaluating the program as \"impressive\". Conclusions: This study concluded that an educational program using the Interactive Tele-education as hearing health education model was developed . This program was effective because it provided the learning of students in the participating schools . The development of this training model achieved an index of motivation in relation to highly positive participation. It is an efficient education proposal on the issue about hearing health and may be considered an important strategy to consolidate the inclusion of the hearing impaired community. In the evaluation of the project in the participating schools, the use of the methodology of program design Young Doctor stimulated and motivated the participants to perform the multiplication of the knowledge acquired thus proven to be an effective program of health education and can be used for training other populations.

Introdução: Nos dias de hoje, possibilitar o acesso à informação com os mais diferentes meios de comunicação torna-se fundamental e ao mesmo tempo desafiador. Deste modo, qualquer estratégia utilizada é importante. A educação a distancia figura como a estratégia facilitadora para o acesso de informação, informação esta que poderá repercutir na qualidade de vida do indivíduo se consideramos, por exemplo, os programas de capacitação com a temática que envolve saúde auditiva. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo criar uma rede de aprendizagem colaborativa como modelo de educação em saúde auditiva, por meio da Teleducação Interativa e analisar a eficácia do mesmo. Metodologia: o estudo foi realizado em 4 escolas da rede pública da cidade de Bauru. Participaram dessa proposta 38 alunos do 9o ano, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 14 e 15 anos. O programa de capacitação apresentou duração média de 4 meses em cada escola e foi dividido em 2 etapas, a primeira englobando a elaboração dos módulos educacionais, desenvolvimento do programa de capacitação, atividades presenciais, atividades a distancia e atividades práticas na temática de saúde auditiva e, a segunda etapa consistiu na avaliação da eficácia do programa. Foi desenvolvido o Cybertutor sobre o tema saúde auditiva, com o intuito de complementar o aprendizado, disponibilizado na internet, e os participantes tinham livre acesso. A atividade presencial continha a apresentação de aulas expositivas, conteúdos gráficos e audiovisuais. Na atividade a distância, o conteúdo educacional foi apresentado aos alunos por meio da Teleducação Interativa. Nesta fase, os alunos tiveram acesso ao Cybertutor. Após o período de capacitação, os estudantes intitulados Jovens Doutores, realizaram a atividade prática tendo como proposta a multiplicação do conhecimento adquirido. Para mensurar a eficácia do programa de capacitação foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Situação-Problema, Escala Lickert de Atitudes Sociais em Relação à inclusão (ELASI) e Ficha de Pesquisa Motivacional (FPM). Resultados: Os resultados das avaliações pré e pós-teste do Questionário Situação-Problema e da ELASI, revelaram que o programa de capacitação desenvolvido foi eficaz, pois proporcionou à construção do conhecimento e o desenvolvimento de atitudes mais favoráveis em relação à inclusão. A FPM demonstrou um índice de motivação em relação à participação altamente positivo, avaliando o programa como Impressionante. Conclusões: O presente estudo permitiu concluir que foi desenvolvido um programa educacional utilizando a Teleducação Interativa como modelo de educação em saúde auditiva. Este programa foi eficaz, pois proporcionou o aprendizado dos alunos das escolas participantes. A elaboração deste modelo de capacitação alcançou um índice de motivação em relação à participação altamente positivo. Mostrou ser uma proposta eficiente de educação na temática sobre a saúde auditiva, podendo ser considerada uma importante estratégia de consolidação da inclusão do deficiente auditivo na comunidade. Na avaliação realizada nas escolas participantes do projeto, a utilização da metodologia do programa Projeto Jovem Doutor estimulou e motivou os participantes a realizarem a multiplicação do conhecimento adquirido, portanto, evidenciou ser um programa eficaz de educação em saúde auditiva, podendo ser utilizado para a capacitação de outras populações. / Introduction: Nowadays, providing access to information with the most different types of media becomes crucial and challenging at the same time. Therefore, any strategy used is important. The distance education appears as a strategy for facilitating access to information, this information that may impact on the quality of life for the individual to consider, for example, programs with the theme that involves hearing health. Objective: This study aimed to create a network of collaborative learning as an educational model for hearing health, tele-education through interactive and analyze the effectiveness of it. Methodology: The study was conducted in four public schools in Bauru. Thirty eight 9th grader students participated in this proposal , both male and female, between 14 and 15 years old. The training program had a mean duration of 4 months in each school and was divided into 2 phases, the first covering the development of educational modules, development of the training program, classroom activities, distance activities and practical activities in the thematic hearing health and the second step was to assess the effectiveness of the program. There was a Cybertutor developed on the hearing health issue, in order to complement the learning available on the Internet, and participants had free access. The classroom activity contained presentation of lectures, graphics and audiovisual content. In the distance learning activity, the educational content was presented to the students through interactive tele-education. At this stage, students had access to Cybertutor. After the training period, the students titled \"Young Doctors\", carried out the practical activity proposing multiplication of the acquired knowledge. To measure the effectiveness of the training program the following instruments were applied: Questionnaire Situation-Problem, Lickert Scale of Social Attitudes Toward Inclusion (ELASI) Form and Motivational Research (FPM). Results: The results of pre-and post-test of the questionnaire Situation- Problem and ELASI revealed that the training program developed was effective because it provided for the construction of knowledge and the development of more favorable attitudes toward inclusion. The FPM showed an index of motivation in relation to highly positive participation, evaluating the program as \"impressive\". Conclusions: This study concluded that an educational program using the Interactive Tele-education as hearing health education model was developed . This program was effective because it provided the learning of students in the participating schools . The development of this training model achieved an index of motivation in relation to highly positive participation. It is an efficient education proposal on the issue about hearing health and may be considered an important strategy to consolidate the inclusion of the hearing impaired community. In the evaluation of the project in the participating schools, the use of the methodology of program design Young Doctor stimulated and motivated the participants to perform the multiplication of the knowledge acquired thus proven to be an effective program of health education and can be used for training other populations.

A sound engineers’ hearing is their most important and vulnerable tool. Many professions within the music industry are considered a risk group for sound induced hearing disorders, but there is not much research specifically about how sound engineers hearing suffers from exposure. Hearing disorders not widely talked about within the audio community either, there seems to be some stigma around the subject. The main research questions for this study are: How does a known or unknown hearing disorder impact mixing decisions and what views are there within the AES community, and from professionals, on how to manage and highlight hearing disorders? This study uses an interview and a panel discussion to answer questions about how professionals deal with the subject and a mixing test to find out how hearing disorders, known or unknown, affect mixing techniques. In the mixing test, 12 participants were asked to make three mixes. Each mix with a different scenario, once with instruction to mix normally, once with a filter imitating a hearing disorder but with no different instructions and once with a similar filter imitating the same disorder but with instructions that there was a filter. The results from the study show that mixing strategies change when informed of a hearing disorder, but it does not necessarily mean that the mixers will be able to counteract the spectral difference. The interview and panel discussion showed that there is a prominent fear within the community that when you have a disorder, you will be disqualified from working. However, all the professionals agreed that you can continue working and become successful despite having a hearing disorder.

The recognition by societies of the problems caused by deafness and hearing impairment has led to a significant increase in the need for audiologists. Additionally, the rapid development of audiology in the last few decades, a wide diversity of audiology education programs, and increased globalisation highlighted the need to evaluate current audiology education and practice from an international perspective. A major aim of this thesis was therefore to study comparative audiology, to allow systematic analysis of what hearing health care is needed worldwide, and the strategies required to achieve future improvements. Rather than remaining theoretical, this thesis also aimed to develop an affordable and sustainable seeding model for audiology education, which would build capacity in countries with inadequate audiology education. An international study surveyed major audiology organisations, and completed surveys were received from 62 countries (representing 78% of the world population). Eighty-six percent of countries needed more audiologists, and cited a lack of government funding, low public awareness of deafness and inadequate audiology education as major reasons for the shortages. There was a wide range of professionals providing hearing health care and a large overlap in their scope of practices. To discuss these complex issues, a conceptual model for hearing health care was developed which formalised the interacting issues, and highlighted the feedback loops between them. The conceptual model presented a framework that was used to discuss individual countries in more detail, and provided a basis for the design of strategies aimed at improving hearing health care and education for groups of countries. Although five distinct groups were described, in practice, most countries may benefit to some extent from hearing health care systems that range from decentralised community-based models (providing basic care), to more institutionally-based models (offering advanced services and technologies). Evolution of hearing health care systems from basic community-based, to more advanced institutionally-based services, would presumably come with strengthening economies and health and education infrastructures, and concurrent growth in audiology education and private and public hearing health care markets. The rate at which this occurs depends in part on the strength of a country’s economy, but also on its other health priorities, the equality of its wealth distribution, the diversity and geographic spread of its population, and the adequacy and efficiency of its hearing health care education programs.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Julio Lopes.pdf: 1164559 bytes, checksum: 2bd89a5b777f6d2b626db3818ecd4e4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Disc Jockeys are music professionals exposed to high sound pressure levels during the working day. Several studies were carried out showing the impacts of such professional activity in hearing, however, none was directed to understand the meaning of music and hearing assigned by Disc Jockeys. Purpose: To study the meaning of music and hearing assigned by Disc Jockeys and the possible implications of these professional activity on the hearing health . Method: Descriptive, analytical, and qualitative research in which four Disc Jockeys were interviewed, all male, aged between 26 and 34 years, working with electronic music for at least a year in the region of greater São Paulo. It was direct interviews composed by four questions: (1) What music means or represents in your life? (2) What electronic music means or represents in your life? (3) How is your hearing in that context? (4) Do you notice any changes related to the hearing after having commenced this activity as a Disc Jockey? To reach the meaning the interviews were transcript and analyzed by the categorization method proposed by Bardin (2009). Results: The discourses showed tree categories: (1) Representation of music ; (2) Representation of hearing and (3) Changes in hearing after performing as Disc Jockey . The main meaning attributed to "music" was to move the emotions. The meaning attributed to "hearing" and to "changes in hearing after performing as Disc Jockey" was to evolve, because hearing is a tool for listening and imagination, which allows learning. Final considerations: As to categories (2) and (3) was only given the meaning of evolution and never of loss of hearing, we concluded that: 1 to perform as a Disc Jockey has only a positive implications to health, 2- the interviewed DJs don t know the risks of excessive exposure to intense sound levels; 3 - speech and hearing work is important for the group of the studied professionals; 4 - further research is needed to know whether these absence of knowledge is extensible to the group of Disc Jockeys. This research is important to develop adequated heath action in the speech and hearing field / Disc Jockeys são profissionais da música que estão submetidos a elevados níveis de pressão sonora durante a jornada de trabalho. Foram realizados diversos estudos mostrando os impactos dessa atuação profissional na audição, entretanto, nenhum buscou compreender o sentido que os Disc Jockeys atribuem à música e à audição. Objetivo: Estudar os sentidos que Disc Jockeys atribuem à música, à audição e as possíveis implicações de sua atividade na saúde auditiva. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa de tipo descritivo, analítico e transversal, na qual formam entrevistados quatro Disc Jockeys do sexo masculino, com idades variando entre 26 e 34 anos, que trabalham com música eletrônica há, no mínimo, um ano, na região da grande São Paulo. As entrevistas forma do tipo dirigido constituídas de quatro perguntas: (1) O que a música significa ou representa na sua vida? (2) O que a música eletrônica significa ou representa na sua vida? (3) O que representa a sua audição nesse contexto? (4) Você percebe alguma mudança relacionada à audição após ter iniciado a sua atividade como Disc Jockey? Para acessarmos os sentidos expressos nos discursos, as entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas pelo método da categorização, conforme proposto por Bardin (2009). Resultados: Os discursos mostraram três categorias: (1) Representação da música , (2) Representação da audição e (3) Mudanças na audição após ter iniciado atuação como Disc Jockey . O principal sentido atribuído a música foi o de movimentar as emoções, o sentido atribuído à audição e a mudanças na audição após ter iniciado atuação como Disc Jockey foi o de evoluir por ser uma ferramenta de escuta e imaginação que permite a aprendizagem. Considerações finais: Como às categorias (2) e (3) só foi atribuído o sentido de evolução e nunca de perda de audição, conclui-se que: 1 - a atuação como Disc Jockey só tem implicações positivas para a saúde; 2 - os Disc Jockeys entrevistados desconhecem os riscos da exposição excessiva a níveis sonoros intensos; 3 é importante fazer um trabalho fonoaudiológico voltado à prevenção da perda auditiva para o grupo de profissionais estudado 4 - são necessárias novas pesquisas para averiguar se o desconhecimento é extensivo aos Disc Jockeys em geral, o que é importante para que, no campo fonoaudiológico voltado para audição, se possa pensar em ações de saúde significativas para esse segmento de profissionais

Introdução: A saúde auditiva é um tema de relevância pública, devido ao seu grau de importância relacionado à comunicação e consequente qualidade de vida. Objetivo: analisar a implementação das ações em saúde auditiva, particularmente da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva (PNASA), no município de São Paulo, identificando ações em Promoção da Saúde. Para tanto, pretende-se: identificar os principais documentos relacionados à saúde auditiva, desenhando sua trajetória; descrever a rede de atendimento no município, utilizando dados quantitativos e observação de espaços de negociação; investigar a representação da equipe de profissionais da área acerca do conceito de saúde auditiva e da implementação da Política Nacional em suas práticas diárias. Metodologia: pesquisa do tipo exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualiquantitativa, na qual coletaram-se dados oriundos de documentos oficiais; dos sistemas de informação; da observação de fóruns regionais e; da entrevista com os profissionais que fazem parte da equipe de atenção à saúde auditiva, de três centros de alta complexidade do município. A análise das entrevistas baseou-se na metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultados e Discussão: foi possível identificar três momentos históricos nas ações em saúde auditiva, com dois marcos, a implementação da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva e do atual Plano Viver sem Limite. Os dados quantitativos evidenciam um crescimento na concessão de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual e implantes cocleares, bem como na realização de procedimentos, porém ainda aquém do esperado em relação ao acompanhamento e a terapia. Os discursos evidenciam uma tendência ao pensamento voltado ao modelo biomédico e identificam sucessos, dificuldades e elencam sugestões de modificações nos processos normativos, uma vez que a relação entre as normas e as práticas, majoritariamente mostrou-se ineficaz. Conclusão: o momento é de mudanças: o que já foi uma conquista, continua requerendo esforços e diálogo para concretizar-se de fato no dia a dia de todos os envolvidos, facilitando os processos e o acesso a uma vida mais saudável e justa / Introduction: Hearing health is an issue of public importance, due to its impact on communication and therefore the quality of life for people. Objective: To assess the implementation of actions in hearing health, particularly the National Policy for Hearing Health Care (PNASA) in the city of São Paulo, identifying actions in Health Promotion. To achieve this goal we identify key documents related to hearing health, establishing its trajectory; Describe the network of hearing health care in the city, through quantitative data and observation of negotiation spaces; Investigate the representation of hearing health professionals about the concept of hearing health and the implementation of PNASA in their daily practices. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected from official documents and from SUS´s Information Systems; from the observation of regional meetings and, interviews with hearing health team members from three high complexity centers in the municipality of São Paulo. Data analysis was based on the methodology of Collective Subject Discourse (DSC). Results and Discussion: It was possible to identify three historical moments in the hearing health actions with two landmarks, the implementation of PNASA and the current \"Plano Viver sem Limite\" (Living with no limits plan). Quantitative data show a general increase in accreditation of services, in concessions of hearing aids and coclear implants, as well as in procedures; in relation to monitoring and therapy, growth is still insufficient. The DSCs shows a tendency to thoughts tuned with the biomedical model; it identifies successes and difficulties and makes suggestions for changes in the regulatory processes, since the relationship of standards to practices proved largely ineffective. Conclusion: It´s time to change: what was once an achievement requires continued efforts and dialogue in order to really incorporate facilitating processes and access to a healthier and fair life to all involveds daily routine

Introdução: A saúde auditiva é um tema de relevância pública, devido ao seu grau de importância relacionado à comunicação e consequente qualidade de vida. Objetivo: analisar a implementação das ações em saúde auditiva, particularmente da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva (PNASA), no município de São Paulo, identificando ações em Promoção da Saúde. Para tanto, pretende-se: identificar os principais documentos relacionados à saúde auditiva, desenhando sua trajetória; descrever a rede de atendimento no município, utilizando dados quantitativos e observação de espaços de negociação; investigar a representação da equipe de profissionais da área acerca do conceito de saúde auditiva e da implementação da Política Nacional em suas práticas diárias. Metodologia: pesquisa do tipo exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualiquantitativa, na qual coletaram-se dados oriundos de documentos oficiais; dos sistemas de informação; da observação de fóruns regionais e; da entrevista com os profissionais que fazem parte da equipe de atenção à saúde auditiva, de três centros de alta complexidade do município. A análise das entrevistas baseou-se na metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultados e Discussão: foi possível identificar três momentos históricos nas ações em saúde auditiva, com dois marcos, a implementação da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva e do atual Plano Viver sem Limite. Os dados quantitativos evidenciam um crescimento na concessão de aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual e implantes cocleares, bem como na realização de procedimentos, porém ainda aquém do esperado em relação ao acompanhamento e a terapia. Os discursos evidenciam uma tendência ao pensamento voltado ao modelo biomédico e identificam sucessos, dificuldades e elencam sugestões de modificações nos processos normativos, uma vez que a relação entre as normas e as práticas, majoritariamente mostrou-se ineficaz. Conclusão: o momento é de mudanças: o que já foi uma conquista, continua requerendo esforços e diálogo para concretizar-se de fato no dia a dia de todos os envolvidos, facilitando os processos e o acesso a uma vida mais saudável e justa / Introduction: Hearing health is an issue of public importance, due to its impact on communication and therefore the quality of life for people. Objective: To assess the implementation of actions in hearing health, particularly the National Policy for Hearing Health Care (PNASA) in the city of São Paulo, identifying actions in Health Promotion. To achieve this goal we identify key documents related to hearing health, establishing its trajectory; Describe the network of hearing health care in the city, through quantitative data and observation of negotiation spaces; Investigate the representation of hearing health professionals about the concept of hearing health and the implementation of PNASA in their daily practices. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected from official documents and from SUS´s Information Systems; from the observation of regional meetings and, interviews with hearing health team members from three high complexity centers in the municipality of São Paulo. Data analysis was based on the methodology of Collective Subject Discourse (DSC). Results and Discussion: It was possible to identify three historical moments in the hearing health actions with two landmarks, the implementation of PNASA and the current \"Plano Viver sem Limite\" (Living with no limits plan). Quantitative data show a general increase in accreditation of services, in concessions of hearing aids and coclear implants, as well as in procedures; in relation to monitoring and therapy, growth is still insufficient. The DSCs shows a tendency to thoughts tuned with the biomedical model; it identifies successes and difficulties and makes suggestions for changes in the regulatory processes, since the relationship of standards to practices proved largely ineffective. Conclusion: It´s time to change: what was once an achievement requires continued efforts and dialogue in order to really incorporate facilitating processes and access to a healthier and fair life to all involveds daily routine

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-01-26 / Objetivo: verificar e comparar as crenças e atitudes frente à perda auditiva e proteção auditiva auto-declaradas por funcionários entre duas indústrias do ramo sucroalcooleiro, com e sem participação em um programa de conservação em saúde auditiva.Método: Participaram do estudo 120 funcionários da usina A que receberam o treinamento específico em saúde auditiva e 87 funcionários da usina B, que não receberam o mesmo treinamento. Foi utilizado o questionário “Crenças e atitudes sobre proteção auditiva e perda auditiva”, elaborado por pesquisadores do NIOSH (1996), o qual foi aplicado após o treinamento em saúde auditiva, que é uma das etapas do Programa de Saúde Auditiva - PCA, desenvolvido pela usina A. Para a usina B, o questionário foi aplicado em dias marcados com o setor de engenharia de segurança do trabalho, não seguindo, portanto a seqüência do treinamento em saúde auditiva, uma vez que esta empresa ainda não desenvolve o PCA. A idade média dos funcionários da usina A foi de 31,8 anos e para usina B 30,5 anos. O tempo de exposição médio a ruído dos voluntários da usina A e B foi de 10 anos. A maior parte dos funcionários de ambas as usinas trabalhavam expostos a ruído superior a 85 dBA, com até 10 anos de tempo de exercício. Resultados: Das 10 temáticas avaliadas no questionário destacam-se três: a melhor percepção de susceptibilidade de adquirir uma perda auditiva (p<0,001), melhor percepção de obstáculos de uma ação preventiva quando relacionado ao conforto do uso do protetor auditivo (p=0,022) e melhor percepção da auto-eficácia relacionada ao sucesso frente as ações recomendadas para proteção da saúde auditiva(0,005) observadas na Usina A quando comparadas a usina B. Apenas um funcionário da usina A afirmou não fazer uso de protetor auricular. O escore total das respostas ao questionário da usina A foi maior (p= 0,010) e estatisticamente significantes , em relação aquele da usina B. Conclusão: Através do presente estudo, verificou-se que a aplicação do questionário “Crenças e atitudes sobre a proteção auditiva e perda auditiva”, nos permitiu conhecer a realidade mais próxima dos funcionários quanto ao seu conhecimento sobre a saúde auditiva que demonstrou o cumprimento mínimo das normas regulamentadoras do Ministério do Trabalho. Ao se comparar os resultados entre as usinas com e sem programa de conservação auditiva, foi possível concluir que a usina sucroalcooleira A, que implementou um PCA, desde 2006, apresentou melhor percepção com diferença estatística significante, comparada à usina B em relação às temáticas T1,T4 e T10 referentes à: percepção de susceptibilidade de adquirir uma perda auditiva, percepção de obstáculos para uma ação preventiva:conforto; e auto-eficácia. / the hearing loss and hearing protection for employees between two industries of the sugarcane branch, with and without participation in a program of conservation in hearing health. Methodology: 120 employees had participated of the study in the sugarcane industry A whom had received the specific training in hearing health and 87 employees from the sugarcane industry B, whom they had not received the same training. The questionnaire was used “Beliefs and attitudes on hearing protection and hearing loss”, elaborated for researchers of the NIOSH (1996), which was applied after the training in hearing health, that is one of the stages of the Program of Hearing Health - PCA, developed for the sugarcane industry A. For the sugarcane industry B, the questionnaire was applied in days marked with the sector of engineering in security of the work, not following, therefore, the sequence of the training in hearing health, however, this company not yet develops the PCA. The average age of the employees in the sugarcane industry A was of 31, 8 years and for sugarcane industry B was 30, 5 years. The average of years of study in the sugarcane industries A and B were of 10 years. Most of the employees both the industries had high risk of hearing loss for exposition to the loud noise above 85db, with interval of 0 the 10 years, as working in the same function for the majority of the employees in the two industries. However, an employee of the sugarcane industry A affirmed that He didn´t use any hearing protector. Results: Nevertheless, 10 thematic evaluated in the questionnaire, the best perception of susceptibilities was observed in the sugarcane industry A to acquire a hearing loss (p<0,001), perception of obstacles of an injunction when related to the comfort of the use of the hearing protector (p=0,022) and better perception of the auto-effectiveness related to the success front the actions recommended for protection of the hearing health (0,005), as well as for a total score(p=0,010) when compared sugarcane industry B that does not develop the PCA. Conclusion: Through this study it was found that the questionnaire "Beliefs and attitudes about hearing protection and hearing loss", allowed us to know the reality closer to employees about their hearing health knowledge that has demonstrated compliance with minimum standards regulating the Ministry of Labour. Comparing the results between plants with and without a hearing conservation program, it was concluded that the sugarcane mill, which implemented a PCA, since 2006, had a relation to thematic T1, T4 and T10 regarding: perceived susceptibility of acquiring a hearing loss, perceived barriers to preventive action, comfort, and self-efficacy. / TEDE

In 2011, the National Association of Schools of Music (NASM) took an official position to recognize the importance of hearing health and injury prevention as a standard for all member-accredited institutions. This is the largest national acknowledgement promoting hearing health and safety within the music discipline and among students seeking a music degree in the United States. The purpose of the study is to describe what conductors (i.e., instructors) of college-based ensembles know about hearing health and the generation of sound intensity levels. The study aimed to describe the 1) current state of conductors’ awareness and knowledge of sound intensity levels, 2) current attitudes of conductors toward learning and sharing knowledge of sound intensity levels, and 3) current teaching practices of conductors in regard to equipment usage (e.g. sound level meter, noise dosimeter, hearing protection devices) relating to sound measurement and exposure. Findings indicate 80.2% of conductors (N = 162, 66% employed by NASM-accredited institutions) agree that sounds generated during ensemble-based instructional activities (EBIAs) in college-level schools of music are capable of harming human hearing, but 24.1% “do not know” if EBIAs they conduct ever exceed sound intensity levels capable of harming human hearing, 54.9% do not know “what services or resources” their home institutions offer/refer to students, 93% are never using a noise dosimeter, 40% have never had an audiology exam, and 70% have never used hearing protection during an EBIA. Conductors have a strong openness to change current teaching practices and inform themselves about hearing health, but few are personally informing and educating their students during the EBIA. The study serves to assist conductors and foster a new dialogue among their students, colleagues, staff, and administrators to revise current curriculum, explore sound measurement technologies, and evaluate current hearing health and safety issues inherent in the practice, performance, and teaching of sound intensity levels generated during EBIAs in college-level schools of music.

Hearing loss is considered a global health concern with 466 million people affected worldwide. Current hearing health care delivery models are based on several consecutive face-to-face consultations that occur in-person. Information and communications technology, and especially mobile technology, can be used to support or enhance health care delivery. This can be employed in addition, or as an alternative to, current patient treatment pathways. This project developed a hybrid hearing health care approach by combining online and face-to-face services. The services were offered using a five-step approach: (1) online hearing screening, (2) motivational engagement by voice/video calling, messaging, or emailing, (3) diagnostic hearing testing in a face-to-face appointment, (4) counseling, hearing aid trial and fitting using face-to-face and online methods, and (5) online aural rehabilitation, counseling and ongoing coaching using face-to-face and online methods. Three studies were conducted. Study I investigated the readiness, characteristics and behaviors of patients who sought hybrid hearing health care. Over three months (June–September 2017), 462 individuals completed the online hearing screening test: 59% (271/462) of those failed (age M = 60; SD = 12), indicating that further assessment and treatment might be required. These patients had been aware of their hearing loss for a period of between 5 to 16 years. A significant positive correlation was observed between age and speech reception threshold (r = 0.21; p < .001), where older participants presented with poorer scores. Five participants completed readiness measurement scales and attended a face-to-face diagnostic hearing evaluation during this time. Study II investigated patient uptake, experience and satisfaction with hybrid hearing health care using a process evaluation. The process evaluation study was conducted over a three-month period for patients who sought services from the clinic over a period of 19 months (June 2017–January 2019). A total of 46 patients seen at the clinic were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding their experiences and satisfaction with the steps completed and services provided. Of those, 31 (67%) patients responded (age M = 66; SD = 16). Of the 61% of patients who had previously sought hearing services, 95% reported the hybrid clinic services as superior. Two main themes emerged from the patient’s comparison of their experience with the hybrid clinic versus previous experiences: clinician engagement (personal attention, patience, dedication, thorough explanations, professional behavior, exceeding expectations, friendliness and trust) and technology (latest technology, advanced equipment and hearing aid trial). Patients who completed all five steps, including acquiring hearing aids and taking part in an online aural rehabilitation program (continued with hearing health care), were significantly older and had significantly poorer speech reception thresholds compared to those who did not acquire hearing aids after the diagnostic hearing test and hearing aid trial (discontinued hearing health care). A significant positive correlation was found between age and the number of face-to-face appointments attended per patient (r = 0.37; p = .007). Study III investigated whether digital proficiency (proficiency with mobile devices and computers) was a predictor of the uptake of hybrid hearing health care. A total of 931 individuals failed the online hearing screening test and had submitted their details to the clinic for further care over a 24-month period (June 2017–June 2019). Of the 931 online test takers, 53 persons (age M = 64; SD = 15) who attended a face-to-face diagnostic hearing testing completed a mobile device and computer proficiency questionnaire. An exact regression model identified age as the factor associated with patients completing all five steps, including acquiring hearing aids and taking part in an online aural rehabilitation program (continued with hearing health care) from a hybrid model (β = .07; p = .018). Older patients were more likely to continue to seek hearing health care. Digital proficiency was not significantly associated with adults with hearing loss taking up services through a hybrid hearing health care model. The results from these three studies demonstrate that asynchronous internet-based services such as an online hearing screening test can be used to create awareness of hearing health care. It is possible to provide online support to patients during the initial stages of seeking hearing health care online prior to the first face-to-face visit. Patient uptake, satisfaction and experience of using hybrid hearing health care services are positive when compared to traditional methods of service delivery. Hearing health care models that combine face-to-face and online methods hold promise for audiologists willing to incorporate online modalities into current treatment pathways. This research project highlights the opportunity for audiologists to provide services and personalized support to patients using a combination of face-to-face and online modalities. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / This work was supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa under the grant number 107728. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / PhD (Audiology) / Unrestricted