The subject of this diploma thesis is processing of a construction technological project for the preparation of the realization of a high-rise residential building in Bratislava. The thesis is based on construction technology solution. The content of thesis is a technical report, coordination situation with broader transport relations, time and financial plan, study of realization of technological stages, solution of construction organization including drawing of construction site, design of main construction machines and mechanisms, technological regulation for upsite monolithic construction, control and testing plan, item budget, detail of relief elements of the ceiling structure, drawing of the formwork of the ceiling structural floor, specific research in the field of tower cranes.

The thesis deals with the examination of the possibility of designing a high-rise building on the corner of Milady Horákové and Černopolní streets, as a reaction to the important composition axis of the city and emphasizing the distinctive compositional element in the urban landscape, its panorama. The object takes into account the importance of the space and the complexity of the cramped parcel in relation to the adjacent building. It functionally combines commercial, residential and administrative functions with respect to the nature of the place.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Currently, there is an increase in the demand for tall buildings in the city of Lima. This research proposes to reduce the dynamic amplification factor through the seismic design of tall buildings based on the requirements of Peruvian code considering that they are regular in plan and height. Minimum base shear values according to the comparison of static seismic shear and dynamic shear from the spectral modal analysis were reviewed for cases of buildings larger than 120 m. The study of 28 reinforced concrete buildings was proposed, with different heights - varying from 24 to 36 floors, with different floor configurations, as well as the arrangement of the walls considering as a rigid core structural system. Additionally, the characteristics of the materials, the loads and combinations were defined. The responses of these buildings were determined by the response spectrum analysis (RSA) and then compared with those obtained by the lineal response history analysis (LRHA), for the last analysis, five Peruvian seismic records were used and scaled to 0.45 g. The seismic responses of the LRHA procedure were taken as a benchmark. The result of this study is the analysis and proposal of the C/R factor for high-rise buildings, as well as obtaining the base shear and drift verification. Minimum base shear values can be reduced for high or long-term buildings, being regular in plan and height. / Revisión por pares

No description available.

In Sweden, buildings are not designed to withstand earthquakes due to the rarity of an earthquake event and its consequential damage. However, the aim of this thesis was to study the seismic performance of some of the highest buildings in Stockholm, called Innovationen and Helix. The purpose of the study was to get an understanding of earthquake engineering for high rise buildings and to compare the behavior of the two towers during seismic action. In order to compare the two buildings and get an understanding of what will affect the seismic performance, Eurocode 8 was used. The Eurocode standard lists several properties that impacts the seismic resistance of buildings. One of the goals was to study how those factors influence the behavior of Innovationen and Helix and finally compare the results to each other in order to draw valid conclusions. The method to perform the analysis was a modal analysis using a finite element analysis program. The program used contains predefined response spectra’s based on Eurocode 8 which is used to define the seismic load acting on the structures. The extracted results are listed below: - Frequencies and mode shapes - Modal masses - Level and total masses - Accelerations - Displacements The conclusion of the study was that Innovationen and Helix have similar properties and some points from Eurocode 8 were better fulfilled by Helix and others by Innovationen: - Uniformity, symmetry and redundancy (Innovationen fulfills the requirements better than Helix) - Bi-directional resistance and stiffness (Innovationen fulfills the requirements better than Helix) - Torsional resistance and stiffness (Helix fulfills the requirements better than Innovationen) - Adequate foundation (Helix fulfills the requirements better than Innovationen) Of the two parameters studied, the height was the one with the most influence on seismic resistance.

The building site is situated on the interesection of Třída Genrála Píky and Provazníkova streets in Brno. In the neighboring building there are commercial and administrative spaces. The main crossroad was redesigned to minimize the residual traffic areas. Based on urbanistic study we designed the corner high-rise dominant. We create a point of view at the skyline of Brno. By pushing back the volume we have a small square. Central comunication core allows transparent facade.

The Tubed Mega Frame (TMF) is a structural system for high-rise building developed by Tyréns AB. Compared to conventional structural systems, the TMF is a coreless system that transfers the loads through the perimeter of the building instead and in turn enables ability to support new architectural shapes and forms of buildings. This thesis covers an initial study of a high-rise building with an unconventional shape implementing the TMF system, the Cable-stayed Building, which consists of a slanted tower with a cable-supported cantilever. The study of the building was divided in to a geometrical study and a cable study. The geometrical study was carried out to gain an initial understanding of the global structural behavior by altering specific geometrical parameters. The cable efficiency in terms of total vertical forces was investigated in the cable study by comparing different cable arrangements, cable diameters and prestressing forces for a fixed global geometry. The studies were performed under linear and nonlinear static conditions using the finite element software SAP2000 and ETABS. The results from the geometrical study showed that the cable efficiency increases in terms of larger vertical cable forces with a less inclined building and longer cantilever length. In addition, the results showed significant effects of geometric nonlinearities considering P-delta for different geometric cases. Furthermore, a study of the axial forces in the mega columns indicated that the most inclined building in which no uplifting forces and barely any tension occur along the mega columns, is the 7° incline with cantilever length 73.4 m. As abovementioned, the efficiency of the cables was compared for different arrangements, cable diameter and prestressing forces. The results indicated that as the prestressing force increases, the efficiency of cables rises more for smaller cable diameter than for larger. Furthermore, the comparison of fan- and harp-shape cable arrangements showed that the latter, including three pairs of cables, gives the highest cable efficiency relative to the amount of steel required of the cantilever bracing system. Nevertheless, the study indicates that the cable forces are inherently dependent on many parameters, such as the sag effect considered in the modulus of elasticity and the stress inducing temperature, which in turn depends on cable diameter, prestressing force and cable arrangement. To conclude the study, a modal analysis showed that the Cable-stayed Building is classified as a stiff building according to the guidelines from Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Further research on the structure could be carried out within different areas, as this thesis is only an initial study of the structure. For instance, material nonlinearities, dynamic responses of the building as well as soil structure interaction, should be investigated further. / Tubed Mega Frame (TMF) är ett bärande system för höghus utvecklat av Tyréns AB. TMF är, till skillnad från nuvarande konstruktioner, ett system utan en bärande kärna som överför laster via byggnadens perimeter istället, vilket skapar nya förutsättningar gällande arkitektoniska former på höghus. I detta projektarbete genomförs en förstudie på en byggnad med en ovanlig design, Snedkabel Byggnaden, bestående av ett lutande torn och en konsol som bärs upp av kablar.  Studien är uppdelad i en geometrisk analys och en kabel analys. Den geometriska studien syftar till att få en uppfattning om hur det globala bärande systemet beter sig genom att variera vissa geometriska parametrar. Syftet med kabel studiens är att undersöka kablarnas effektivitet genom att jämföra den totala vertikala kabelkraften med olika kabelsystem, kabeldiametrar och förspänningar för en fastställd geometri av byggnaden. Statiskt linjära och ickelinjära strukturanalyser genomfördes för båda studier i finita element programmen SAP2000 och ETABS. Resultaten från den geometriska studien visade att kabel effektiviteten ökar för en mindre lutad byggnad och en längre konsol, då kabelkrafterna ökar. Dessutom indikerar resultaten anmärkningsvärda effekter vid beaktandet av ickelinjäritet med P-delta för olika globala geometrier. En undersökning av axialkrafter i pelarna visar att den mest lutade byggnaden som inte ger upphov till upplyftande krafter och knappt några dragkrafter längs pelarna är byggnaden med 7° lutning och konsollängd på 73.4 m.   Som tidigare nämnt undersöktes kablarna effektivitet genom att jämföra olika kabelsystem, kabeldiametrar och förspänningar. Resultaten påvisade att med högre förspänningar, desto mer ökar kabeleffektiviteten för mindre kabeldiameter än större. Dessutom visade jämförelsen mellan solfjäder- och harp-systemet att harp-systemet med tre kabelpar ger stört kabeleffektivitet i relation till stålmassan för stagningen i konsolen. Krafterna i kablarna beror i sig till stor del av exempelvis elasticitets modulen med hänsyn till kablarnas nedböjning och den spänningsinducerande temperaturen, som i sin tur beror på kabeldiameter, förspänning och kabelsystem. Avslutningsvis utfördes en modalanalys som visade på att Snedkabel Byggnaden klassificeras som en styv byggnad enligt riktlinjer från Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Ytterligare studier på strukturen kan genomföras inom olika områden, då detta är en förstudie på byggnaden. Exempelvis på vidare forskning är att ta hänsyn till materialens ickelinjäriteter, byggnadens dynamiska respons samt samverkan mellan byggnad och grund.

Träbyggandet har ökat drastiskt sedan år 1994 då den Europeiska unionen (EU) införskaffade ett byggproduktdirektiv, idag numera ersatt med byggproduktförordningen CPR, Construction Products Regulation. Från att träbyggandet tidigare främst inkluderat bostadsbyggande kan nu även föreskrivna funktioner godkännas för högre byggnader. Trämaterialets förmåga att binda koldioxid och utveckling av korslimmat trä, förkortat KL-trä, är två bidragande faktorer till att trä idag är ett uppmärksammat byggmaterial. Mer användning av trä i höga byggnader kan dock, på grund av dess låga vikt och styvhet, medföra känsligheter mot dynamisk vindpåverkan vilket kan vara en avgörande faktor vid dimensionering. Förhöjda accelerationsnivåer är en konsekvens av de dynamiska lasterna vilket som påföljd kan ha en negativ effekt på brukarna av byggnaden. I följande examensarbete studeras denna problematik för en standardiserad byggnad. Syftet med examensarbete är att undersöka hur implementering och användning av trä i en hög byggnad påverkar byggnadens dynamiska respons och koldioxidutsläpp. Studien fokuserar på att undersöka hur accelerationsnivåerna ser ut vid användning av konstruktionssystem som är helt eller delvis av trä samt vilket förändrat klimatavtryck detta medför jämfört med en standardiserad betongbyggnad. I första delen av fallstudien studeras accelerationsnivåerna för olika alternativa konstruktionssystem där majoriteten av stabiliseringen nyttjas genom stabiliserande skivor internt och externt i byggnaden. I fallstudiens andra del används resultaten från första delen för att iterativt skapa en modell med lägst möjliga koldioxidavtryck och som samtidigt uppfyller acceptabla accelerationsnivåer enligt ISO 10137. De studerade strukturerna modelleras upp i Finita Element programvaran FEM-Design 20 utifrån en framtagen grundmodell baserad på tidigare litteraturstudie. I programvaran utförs en modalanalys för att erhålla egenfrekvenser och svängningsmoder för de studerade strukturerna. Med dessa ingångsvärden beräknas accelerationsnivåerna för samtliga strukturer enligt riktlinjer i EKS11 och SS-EN 1991-1-4 samt jämförs med acceptabla accelerationsnivåer i ISO 10137. Med erhållna resultat används en iterativ process för att ta fram en struktur med minsta möjliga koldioxidavtryck. Klimatavtrycket jämförs med den standardiserade betongbyggnaden genom att beräkna och jämföra mängden koldioxidekvivalenter.  Resultatet visar att det är mest fördelaktigt att nyttja intern stabilisering för att erhålla högre egenfrekvenser och lägre accelerationsnivåer. Strukturer som nyttjar extern stabilisering visar förhöjda accelerationsnivåer med   jämfört med intern stabilisering. Dock visar användning av intern stabilisering att det är större sannolikhet att erhålla roterande svängningar som första svängningsmod, detta innebär att de stabiliserande väggarna bör adderas till strukturen med försiktighet. Användning av kombinerad intern- och extern stabilisering visar ingen påtaglig fördel, dock visar resultatet att sammanhängande skivor som bildar en stabiliserande kärna bidrar till en markant ökning i byggnadens styvhet. Den modell som tagits fram med minst klimatavtryck har ett pelar-balksystem i limträ med KL-träskivor i bjälklag och som stabilisering i byggnadens centrala delar. Beräkning av byggnadernas koldioxidavtryck visar en reduktion på  , störst reduktion fås för bjälklagen. / Since year 1994, timber construction has increased dramatically due to that the European Union (EU) acquired a construction product directive, later replaced by the Construction Products Regulation (CPR). Timber construction has previously mainly included housing construction but is nowadays also used for high-rise buildings, this due to that the prescribed properties now can be approved for taller buildings. Two contributing factors to making timber a popular building material is its ability to bind carbon dioxide and the development of cross-laminated timber. On the other hand, using more timber in high-rise buildings can lead to sensitivities to dynamic wind loading due to its low weight and stiffness. This can be a decisive factor during design. Increased acceleration levels are a consequence of the dynamic loading which can have a negative effect on the users of the building. In following thesis this problem is studied for a standardized building. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how implementation and the use of timber in high-rise buildings affects the building’s dynamic response and carbon dioxide emissions. The main focus is to study how the acceleration levels vary when using construction systems entirely or partly of timber and what carbon footprint this entails, compared to a standardized concrete building. In the first part of the case study, the acceleration levels for different construction systems are studied, where the majority of the stabilization is used internally and externally in the building. In the second part of the case study, the results from the first part are used to iteratively produce a model that have the lowest possible carbon footprint, as well as acceptable requirements regarding acceleration levels is achieved according to ISO 10137. The studied structures are modeled in the Finite Element software FEM-Design 20 based on a base model from a literature study. A modal analysis is performed in the software to obtain natural frequencies and mode shapes for the studied structures. With these input values, the acceleration levels can be calculated according to the guidelines in EKS 11 and SS-EN 1991-1-4, and then compared with acceptable acceleration levels in ISO 10137. With the results obtained, an iterative process is used to make a model with lowest possible carbon footprint. Lastly, the carbon footprint is compared with the standardized concrete building by calculating and comparing the amount of carbon dioxide equivalents.  The results show that it is most beneficial to use internal stabilization in order to obtain higher natural frequencies and lower acceleration levels. Structures using external stabilization show increased acceleration levels by   compared to internal stabilization. However, the use of internal stabilization shows that rotational mode shapes are more likely to be obtained as the first mode shape, this means that the stabilizing walls should be added to the structure with caution. The use of a combination of both internal and external stabilization shows no significant improvements. However, the results show that continuous walls forming a central core contributes to a significant increased stiffness for the structure, compared to separately placed walls. The final model with the lowest possible carbon footprint has a column-beam system in glulam with cross-laminated timber in the floors, and as stabilization in the central parts of the building (core). Calculation of the building’s carbon footprint shows a reduction of  , the largest reduction is achieved in the floors.

No description available.

Over the course of time, the built environment has been a manifestation of human ideals and aspirations. Although these ideals, diverse and varied in each case, are only present in a small few of the buildings that are actually constructed, it ls my belief that they are the givers of meaning and identity to human culture and history. ln this thesis, l have created, at least on an embryonic level, an expression of my vision and dream of the coming together of human, urban life and nature. / Master of Architecture