Orientador: Carlos Roberto Padovani / Resumo: O futebol de 5 é uma modalidade de desporto adaptada exclusivamente para atletas cegos. A seleção brasileira de futebol de 5 consagrou-se multicampeã nos mais importantes campeonatos mundias e nas Paralimpíadas, sendo considerada a melhor seleção do mundo nessa modalidade e tendo em sua escalação atletas eleitos os melhores do mundo. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em construir o perfil de atletas de futebol de 5 segundo as características biomotoras avaliadas no protocolo de testes físicos aplicados à seleção brasileira de futebol de 5 quanto à posição e à titularidade, utilizando-se das técnicas multivariadas de dados: Análise de Agrupamento, Análise de Correlação Canônica, Análise de Componentes Principais e Análise Fatorial. Os resultados das análises de caráter exploratório indicam que não há um perfil definido como o padrão dos atletas da seleção brasileira de futebol de 5 no que se refere à posição e à titularidade em quadra, sendo possível, nesses aspectos, observar associações entre algumas características biomotoras dos atletas. / Abstract: 5-a-side football is a sport adapted exclusively for blind athletes. The Brazilian national 5-a-side football team has won several of the most important world championships and Paralympic medals. Thus, it is considered the best 5-a-side football team in the world and it has in its roster athletes named the best in the world. In this context, this research aims to determine the profile of 5-a-side football players according to the biomotor characteristics evaluated with the protocol of physical tests applied to the Brazilian 5-a-side football team regarding position on the field and status as a starter or substitute player, using multivariate data analysis techniques. The results of the exploratory analyses indicate that there is no profile defined as the standard for the Brazilian national 5-a-side football team with regard to position on the field and status as a starter or substitute player. In these aspects, it is possible to observe associations between some biomotor characteristics of the athletes. / Doutor

Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação experimental constituída de três séries de ensaio, cada uma envolvendo dois modelos: um pilar básico de concreto armado, representando o pilar a ser reforçado e um pilar reforçado por camisa de concreto de alto desempenho com várias características. Todos os pilares básicos tinham a seção quadrada de 150 mm x 150 mm com altura de 1200 mm. Eles foram produzidos com concreto de 18 MPa de resistência nominal à compressão, armadura longitudinal com quatro barras de 8 mm de diâmetro e armadura transversal com estribos de 6.3mm de diâmetro com espaçamento de 90 mm. Os parâmetros que foram variados nas camisas de reforço foram: a) dois valores de espessura (tj); b) três valores de taxa de armadura transversal (*sw) utilizando telas soldadas ou armadura de estribos; c) adição de fibras curtas de aço. A resistência nominal à compressão do concreto utilizado em todas as camisas foi de 65 MPa, caracterizando-se portanto um concreto de alta resistência. Os pilares foram submetidos à compressão axial por meio de uma máquina hidráulica servo-controlada. Os ensaios foram realizados com controle de deslocamento, adotando-se uma velocidade de 0.005mm/s para o deslocamento do pistão. A força aplicada e as deformações continuaram sendo medidas após o alcance da força de ruína, para se avaliar o comportamento pós-pico, até se atingir uma força residual de cerca de 50% da força de pico. Modelos de cálculo da resistência última dos pilares reforçados foram analisados. Também foram testados modelos de confinamento e ductilidade para os elementos reforçados. / This study presents the results of an experimental investigation in three series of tests, each one involving two models: a basic reinforced concrete column, which represents the column to ge strengthened, and an identical basic column strengthned by a high-performance concrete jacket with variable characteristics. All the basic columns had a 150 mm x 150 mm square section and a 1,200 mm length. They were made of a 18 MPa nominal strength concrete and reinforced with four 8 mm diameter steel bars and 6.3mm diameter stirrups each. The jacket characteristics varied as follows: a) two thickness values(tj); b) three values of transverse reinforcement ratio (*sw) using welded wire steel meshes or ordinary stirrups; c) addition of short steel fibers. The nominal concrete compressive strength used in all the jackets was 65 MPa, therefore a high-strength concrete. The columns were subjected to monotonic axial compression by means of a servo-controlled hydraulic machine. A displacement increasing rate of 0.005 mm/sec at the top of the column was adopted. Load and strain measurements continued after the ultimate load to evaluate the post-peak behavior, up to a residual load-bearing capacity of about 50% of the peak load. Several calculation hypotheses were tested to evaluate the ultime strength of the rehabilitated columns. Also confinement mechanisms and ductility of the members were analyzed.

As new radio telescopes and processing facilities are being built, the amount of data that has to be processed is growing continuously. This poses significant challenges, especially if the real-time processing is required, which is important for surveys looking for poorly understood objects, such as Fast Radio Bursts, where quick detection and localisation can enable rapid follow-up observations at different frequencies. With the data rates increasing all the time, new processing techniques using the newest hardware, such as GPUs, have to be developed. A new pipeline, called PAFINDER, has been developed to process data taken with a phased array feed, which can generate up to 36 beams on the sky, with data rates of 25 GBps per beam. With the majority of work done on GPUs, the pipeline reaches real-time performance when generating filterbank files used for offline processing. The full real-time processing, including single-pulse searches has also been implemented and has been shown to perform well under favourable conditions. The pipeline was successfully used to record and process data containing observations of RRAT J1819-1458 and positions on the sky where 3 FRBs have been observed previously, including the repeating FRB121102. Detailed examination of J1819-1458 single-pulse detections revealed a complex emission environment with pulses coming from three different rotation phase bands and a number of multi-component emissions. No new FRBs and no repeated bursts from FRB121102 have been detected. The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky survey observes the sky at high galactic latitudes, searching for new pulsars and FRBs. 127 hours of data have been searched for the presence of any new bursts, with the help of new pipeline developed for this survey. No new FRBs have been found, which can be the result of bad RFI pollution, which was not fully removed despite new techniques being developed and combined with the existing solutions to mitigate these negative effects. Using the best estimates on the total amount of data that has been processed correctly, obtained using new single-pulse simulation software, no detections were found to be consistent with the expected rates for standard candle FRBs with a flat or positive spectrum.

Propolis is an approved food additive containing flavonoids as a major active constituent. Variability has been found in the composition of propolis in distinctive regions and it was noticed that there are limitations in the analysis of propolis. In this study, the identification of ten flavonoids and residual antibiotics in propolis was investigated by using several liquid chromatography techniques, including reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), microemulsion LC (MELC) and ultra-performance LC (UPLC). The ten flavonoids that were selected for this research include rutin, myricetin, quercetin, apigenin, kaempferol, pinocembrin, CAPE, chrysin, galangin and acacetin while chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline were selected to examine the residual antibiotics in propolis. For the analysis of the selected flavonoids, routine RP-HPLC method was found to be the best method, while MELC technique was found more efficient for the analysis of the selected antibiotics. Solid phase extraction with HLB sorbent was utilised in the analysis of antibiotics for clean-up of propolis. In method development studies for flavonoids and antibiotics, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach was followed. The final optimised method for the analysis of flavonoids as well as the method. for the analysis of antibiotics was validated using the ICH guidelines, and various aspects, such as the linearity, selectivity, accuracy, recovery, robustness and stability parameters, were examined. Development of efficient conventional method for the extraction of flavonoids from propolis was studied extensively in the present research work using different extraction techniques such as maceration, hot extraction, ultrasound assisted extraction. Among all extraction experiments, ethanolic extraction using ultrasound extraction method was the best efficient approach. This thesis shows that, in general, the performance of O/W MELC is superior to that of conventional HPLC for the determination of residual antibiotics in propolis. UPLC was not suitable for the analysis of flavonoids and antibiotics. The conventional LC was the only technique to separate the ten flavonoids but MELC was able to separate nine of the flavonoids with faster analysis time. This work also showed that MELC uses cheaper solvents. This considerable saving in both cost and time will potentially improve efficiency within quality control.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-07-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:28:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 zapparoli_ra_me_botfca.pdf: 612514 bytes, checksum: 771d206a220342ef9b0fc530a8305dca (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nas três últimas décadas, a utilização de herbicidas vem aumentando progressivamente no mundo. Com isso, cresce a importância do entendimento do destino final dessas moléculas, ou seja, o estudo do comportamento dos herbicidas no solo. O tebuthiuron é um herbicida residual utilizado no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, em aplicações de pré-emergência. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o residual do herbicida tebuthiuron em amostras de solo, coletadas em áreas de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, utilizando metodologias distintas de extração bem como análises cromatográficas. Foram coletadas amostras de solo (0-10 cm), dos sistemas de cana crua e queimada, em 49 áreas pertencentes ao Grupo Cosan – Unidade Barra, as quais receberam aplicação de tebuthiuron na safra 2005/06 e 2006/07. Foram utilizados dois extratores para a recuperação do produto presente nas amostras: cloreto de cálcio (CaCl2) e solução de solo. A quantificação do herbicida foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Os dados obtidos foram ajustados por modelo logarítmico. Os métodos de extração mostraram-se apropriados para avaliar quantitativamente o herbicida tebuthiuron, verificando-se elevada correlação entre os dados obtidos. A concentração média, inicial e final do produto no sistema de cana crua e queimada foram de 40,76 e 8,44, 56,57 e 5,71 ng g-1, respectivamente. Após um ciclo da cultura constatou-se no sistema de cana crua 20,72% da dose inicial enquanto no sistema de cana queimada apenas 10,09%, mostrando assim maior residual do produto no sistema com palha. / The use of herbicides has been increasing progressively in the last three decades around the world. Thereby, it increases the importance of understanding the final destiny of these molecules, it means, the study of herbicide behavior’s in the soil. Tebuthiuron is a residual herbicide used in pre-emergence applications at sugarcane crop. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the residual of tebuthiuron in soil samples, collected in sugarcane crop, using different extraction methods as well as chromatographic analyses. Soil samples were collected (0-10 cm) on raw and burned sugarcane systems, at 49 areas belonging to Cosan Group - Barra Unit, which received tebuthiuron applications at 2005/06 and 2006/07 seasons. Two extractors were used to recovery the herbicide present in the samples: calcium chloride (CaCl2) and soil solution. The herbicide quantification was accomplished by high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The results obtained were adjusted by the logarithmic model. Both extraction methods produced highly correlated results. The initial and final concentration of the herbicide in the areas under two different production systems (sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane) were 40,76 and 8,44; 56,57 and 5,71 ng g-1, respectively. After a complete crop cycle (12-18 months from harvest to harvest) it were observed concentrations of tebuthiuron in soil solution equivalent to 20,72% and 10,09% of the initial rate in sugarcane harvested green and burned sugarcane, respectively.

Ao analisarem-se súmulas dos campeonatos estaduais de ginástica artística dos últimos anos observou-se uma redução drástica no número de praticantes a partir dos 12 anos de idade. A desistência nesta faixa etária no RS passou a ser um problema para a ginástica artística (GA) de alto rendimento do Estado. Devido à falta de estudos específicos para esta modalidade esportiva no RS esta pesquisa propõese aos seguintes objetivos: (1) analisar os fatores que levam à desistência das ginastas de alto rendimento no RS; (2) identificar e descrever os fatores positivos e negativos do desenvolvimento no processo de formação das ginastas; (3) correlacionar o tipo de treinamento aplicado as ginastas em formação com os resultados obtidos na carreira; (4) verificar se há trabalho psicológico com as ginastas e que tipo de trabalho é realizado; (5) correlacionar a influência da iniciação precoce com a formação das ginastas; (6) verificar a influência do nível sócio econômico no desenvolvimento das ginastas; (7) identificar e analisar o papel da família no processo de formação das ginastas; (8) identificar e analisar o papel do técnico no processo de formação das ginastas. Para a pesquisa, foram selecionadas 10 ex-ginastas que treinaram no RS e participaram de Campeonatos Brasileiros de 1ª divisão e que desistiram da GA a partir de janeiro de 1998. Foram incluídos seus respectivos pais e/ou responsáveis. O instrumento utilizado para a coleta de informações foi a entrevista semiestruturada em duas versões, uma para as exginastas e outra para os pais. Os resultados apontam haver 14 razões para a desistência da prática da GA de alto rendimento e outros itens positivos, entre estes o principal ponto citado foi a disciplina adquirida para a realização de outras atividades fora da vida esportiva. / When analysing the state championships of gymnastic artistic summaries of the last years, it is possible to observe a huge reduction of the numbers of practitioners with 12 years old. The desistance in this age group has become a problem for the high performance artistic gymnastics (AG) in Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Due to the lack of specific studies about this sport, this research aims to: (1) analyse the factors that leads to desistance from the high performance gymnasts in RS; (2) identify and describe the positive and negative factors of the development in the gymnasts training; (3) correlate the kind of training that is applied to the gymnasts with the results that are obtained in their careers; (4) verify if is there a psychological attendance for the gymnasts and what kind of attendance was being given; (5) correlate the influence of precocious initiation with the gymnasts training; (6) verify the influence of the socio-economic level in the development of the gymnasts; (7) identify and analyse the role of the family in the process of gymnasts training; (8) identify and analyse the role of the coacher in the process of gymnasts training. Ten ex-gymnasts were selected for this research, who had trained in RS and had participated of Brazilian Championships and had given-up from artistic gymnastics from January 1998. Their parents were also selected. The semi-structured interview was used in two versions: one for the ex-gymnasts and another one for their parents. The results point out that there are fourteen reasons for the desistance from high performance gymnastics, and that there are positive items like the acquired discipline to accomplish other activities that are not related with sports.

Balanceamento de carga é essencial para que aplicações paralelas tenham desempenho adequado. Conforme sistemas de computação paralelos crescem, o custo de uma má distribuição de carga também aumenta. Porém, o comportamento dinâmico que a carga computacional possui em certas aplicações pode induzir disparidades na carga atribuída a cada recurso. Portanto, o repetitivo processo de redistribuição de carga realizado durante a execução é crucial para que problemas de grande escala que possuam tais características possam ser resolvidos. Medidas que quantifiquem a distribuição de carga são um importante aspecto desse procedimento. Por estas razões, métricas frequentemente utilizadas como indicadores da distribuição de carga em aplicações paralelas são investigadas nesse estudo. Dado que balanceamento de carga é um processo dinâmico e recorrente, a investigação examina como tais métricas quantificam a distribuição de carga em intervalos regulares durante a execução da aplicação paralela. Seis métricas são avaliadas: percent imbalance, imbalance percentage, imbalance time, standard deviation, skewness e kurtosis. A análise revela virtudes e deficiências que estas medidas possuem, bem como as diferenças entres as mesmas como descritores da distribuição de carga em aplicações paralelas. Uma investigação como esta não tem precedentes na literatura especializada. / Load balance is essential for parallel applications to perform at their highest possible levels. As parallel systems grow, the cost of poor load distribution increases in tandem. However, the dynamic behavior the distribution of load possesses in certain applications can induce disparities in computational loads among resources. Therefore, the process of repeatedly redistributing load as execution progresses is critical to achieve the performance necessary to compute large scale problems with such characteristics. Metrics quantifying the load distribution are an important facet of this procedure. For these reasons, measures commonly used as load distribution indicators in HPC applications are investigated in this study. Considering the dynamic and recurrent aspect in load balancing, the investigation examines how these metrics quantify load distribution at regular intervals during a parallel application execution. Six metrics are evaluated: percent imbalance, imbalance percentage, imbalance time, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. The analysis reveals the virtues and deficiencies each metric has, as well as the differences they register as descriptors of load distribution progress in parallel applications. As far as we know, an investigation as the one performed in this work is unprecedented.

Orientador: Jorge Luís Akasaki / Banca: Marco Antonio Morais Alcantara / Banca: Geraldo Cechella Isaia / Resumo: Em conseqüência às inúmeras vantagens intrínsecas dos concretos de alto desempenho, sejam relacionadas à performance mecânica ou de durabilidade, se faz constante no cenário mundial a expansão de suas aplicações. Contudo os concretos de alto desempenho apresentam comportamento de ruptura frágil, característica destoante dos demais materiais usualmente empregados na concepção de estruturas, os quais por serem dúcteis propiciam maior capacidade de redistribuição de esforços aos elementos estruturais. Neste enfoque aborda-se a investigação do concreto de alto desempenho com adição de resíduos de borracha de pneu, sendo que, dentre as mais variadas aplicações bem sucedidas dos resíduos de borracha de pneu ressalta-se sua adição em cimentos asfálticos, no intuito do aumento da resistência à temperatura e a esforços mecânicos, e também em concretos convencionais de cimento Portland, visando por exemplo majorar a tenacidade. Com a utilização desses resíduos de borracha de pneu ocorre ainda notável contribuição ao desenvolvimento sustentável e ao meio ambiente, uma vez que em todo o mundo existe uma grande problemática ligada ao acúmulo pneus inservíveis. Assim no intuito de substanciar a performance do concreto de alto desempenho com adição de resíduos de borracha de pneu obtido, cabe destacar alguns números: resistência à compressão superior a 70MPa, aos 28 dias de idade; módulo de elasticidade acima dos 50GPa, aos 91 dias; maior tenacidade em relação ao CAD; sua resistência ao impacto foi superior de 11% a até 26% a do CAD; possui absorção de água por imersão menor que 1%, aos 28 dias; resistência à tração equivalente a até 12,6% da sua resistência à compressão e ainda demonstrou maior resistência à abrasão do que um concreto de alta resistência, com resistência à compressão equivalente. / Abstract: Innumerable advantages of high performance concrete, being related to the mechanics or durability performance, it makes world-wide expansion scene of its application. However, fragile rupture behavior is presented on high performance concrete, different characteristic of usual material used into the structure conception, which being ductile, it propitiates higher redistribution capacity efforts of structural elements. In this way it is approached the high performance concrete inquiry the tire rubber scrap addition, being the most varied successful tire rubber scrap application, standing out its addition in asphalt cements, aiming the resistance increasing to temperature and mechanical strength, and also to conventional Portland cement concrete, reaching better tenacity. The tire rubber scrap using occurs sustainable development and also to the environment, there are a great problematic on idle tire accumulation. Intentioning to substantiate the presentation of high performance concrete with tire rubber scraps addition obtained, some numbers can be highlighted: compressive strength higher than 70MPa, age of 28 days; modulus of elasticity above 50GPa, to 91 days; greater tenacity in relation to the HPC; its impact resistance was superior of 11% up to 26% of the HPC; occurs water absorption for lesser than 1%, to the 28 days; tensile splitting strength equivalent up to 12,6% of its compressive strength and still demonstrated to greater resistance to the abrasion of that a high strength concrete, with the same compressive strength. / Mestre

Les satellites sont mis en orbite en utilisant des lanceurs dont la conception est une des activités principales d’Airbus Defence and Space. Pour ce faire, se baser sur des expériences n’est pas facile : les souffleries ne permettent pas d’évaluer toutes les situations auxquelles un lanceur est confronté au cours de sa mission. La simulation numérique est donc essentielle pour l’industrie spatiale. Afin de disposer de simulations toujours plus fidèles, il est nécessaire d’utiliser des supercalculateurs de plus en plus puissants. Cependant, ces machines voient leur complexité augmenter et pour pouvoir exploiter leur plein potentiel, il est nécessaire d’adapter les codes existants. Désormais, il semble essentiel de passer par des couches d’abstraction afin d’assurer une bonne portabilité des performances. ADS a développé depuis plus de 20 ans le code FLUSEPA qui est utilisé pour le calcul de phénomènes instationnaires comme les calculs d’onde de souffle au décollage ou les séparations d’étages. Le solveur aérodynamique est basé sur une formulation volume fini et une technique d’intégration temporelle adaptative. Les corps en mouvement sont pris en compte via l’utilisation de plusieurs maillages qui sont combinés par intersections.Cette thèse porte sur la parallélisation du code FLUSEPA. Au début de la thèse, la seule version parallèle disponible était en mémoire partagée. Une première version parallèle en mémoire distribuée a d’abord été réalisée. Les gains en performance de cette version ont été évalués via l’utilisation de deux cas tests industriels. Un démonstrateur du solveur aérodynamique utilisant la programmation par tâche au dessus d’un runtime a aussi été réalisé. / There are different kinds of satellites that offer different services like communication, navigationor observation. They are put into orbit through the use of launchers whose design is oneof the main activities of Airbus Defence and Space. Relying on experiments is not easy : windtunnel cannot be used to evaluate every critical situation that a launcher will face during itsmission. Numerical simulation is therefore mandatory for spatial industry.In order to have more reliable simulations, more computational power is needed and supercomputersare used. Those supercomputers become more and more complex and this impliesto adapt existing codes to make them run efficiently. Nowadays, it seems important to rely onabstractions in order to ensure a good portability of performance. Airbus Defence and Spacedeveloped for more than 20 years the FLUSEPA code which is used to compute unsteady phenomenalike take-off blast wave or stage separation. The aerodynamic solver relies on a finitevolume formulation and an explicit temporal adaptive solver. Bodies in relative motion are takeninto account through the use of multiple meshes that are overlapped.This thesis is about the parallelization of the FLUSEPA code. At the start of the thesis,the only parallel version available was in shared memory through OpenMP. A first distributedmemory version was realized and relies on MPI and OpenMP. The performance improvementof this version was evaluated on two industrial test cases. A task-based demonstrator of theaerodynamic solver was also realized over a runtime system.

A diferença na atividade terapêutica, farmacocinética e / ou farmacodinâmica entre os enantiômeros de fármacos quirais impulsionou a necessidade de estudar e desenvolver métodos para determinação exata e precisa da pureza enantiomérica dos produtos farmacêuticos. Inicialmente, os enantiômeros foram separados em escala analítica. As condições analíticas foram adaptadas para a escala semi-preparativa para a obtenção enantiômeros puros. Os enantiômeros do bisoprolol foram separados através de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência. Foi adotado o sistema direto de separação, fase normal, utilizando coluna Chiralcel OD (250 x 4,6 mm id). A fase móvel foi composta por hexano: etanol: dietilamina (80:20:0.2, v / v / v), vazão de 1mL/min e detecção em UV a 273 nm. A separação dos enantiômeros (R)-bisoprolol e (S)-bisoprolol foi obtida com sucesso em escala analítica e semi-preparativa. Considerando as características de uma separação quiral, podemos concluir que os resultados são eficazes, por ser uma separação rápida e seletiva. / The difference in therapeutic activity, pharmacokinetics, and / or pharmacodynamics between enantiomers of chiral drugs has raised the need to study and develop methods for accurate and precise determination of enantiomeric purity of pharmaceutical products. Initially, the enantiomers were separation in analytical scale. The analytical conditions were scaled up to semi-preparative level to obtain pure enantiomers. The enantiomers of bisoprolol were separated with high-performance liquid chromatography. Direct separation system was adopted in normal phase mode using Chiralcel OD column (250 x 4.6 mm id). The mobile phase was composed of hexane:ethanol:diethylamine (80:20:0.2, v/v/v), flow rate of 1mL/min and UV detection was made at 273 nm. The separation of enantiomers, (R)-bisoprolol and (S)-bisoprolol was successfully obtained in analytical and semi-preparative scale. Considering the characteristics of a chiral separation, we can conclude that the results are effective, because it is a fast and selective separation.