The Government of Canada’s National Aerial Surveillance Program (NASP) is responsible for the monitoring of ship based oil pollution in Canada’s three oceans. In many of these spills, the source of pollution is unknown as there are often no vessels found in the vicinity at the time of detection. In this work, the oil spills found in 2010 on the West Coast of Canada, alongside the collated vessel traffic data captured by the Canadian Coast Guard are investigated to determine the vessels most likely responsible for these spills. In terms of tools and techniques applied, oil spills are firstly hindcasted using the General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) to determine the location of their source. ArcGIS is used to geospatially reference and combine various data sets, and lastly the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to rank possible polluters found in the area of the spill.

Wind farm assessment is a costly and time consuming process when it is planned by traditional methods such as a met mast. Therefore, new models have been established and used for the wind farm assessment to ease the process of wind farm planning. These models are Global-regional models which add to cost efficiency and time saving. There are several types of these models in the market that have different accuracy. This thesis discusses and uses in simulations Global – regional model data outputs from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Weather Research Forecast WRF and ECMWF, which is currently producing ERA-Interim, global reanalysis of the data-rich period since 1989 .The goal of the master's thesis is to see whether it is useful and efficient to use Global – regional weather model data such as the Era Interim Global Reanalysis Model data for wind assessment by comparing it with the real data series (met mast) located in Maglarp, in the south of Sweden.The comparison shows that in that specific area (hindcast) at Maglarp, in the south of Sweden, very promising results for planning a wind farm for a 100m, 120m and 38m heights.

En esta tesis se propone y desarrolla una completa metodología de calibración de bases de datos de reanálisis de oleaje, en la que se que define el tratamiento de los datos disponibles más adecuado para la información que es necesario caracterizar, particularizado a cada caso concreto de diseño de una obra marítima.En una primera clasificación general se divide en calibraciones puntuales y espaciales. Las metodologías de calibración puntual se utilizan cuando existe información instrumental para calibrar los datos de reanálisis en una posición con un clima marítimo similar, en profundidades indefinidas, al de la localización de la obra en estudio. En cambio, se ha definido una metodología de calibración espacial para calibrar los datos de reanálisis en una zona, a partir de la información instrumental de otras zonas con diferentes climas marítimos al de la localización de la obra en estudio.Todas las metodologías de calibración han sido aplicadas al ámbito costero español, calibrando la base de datos de reanálisis SIMAR-44 (Organismo Público Puertos del Estado) con información instrumental (boyas y satélites). / This thesis proposes and develops a complete calibration methodology of wave hindcast databases, in which it is defined how to right process the available data for the information that it is necessary to characterize, as a function of the individual case of coastal structure design.In a first general classification, the methodology is composed by point-to-point and spatial calibration. The point-to-point calibration methodologies are used when there is instrumental data to calibrate hindcast data in a position where the wave climate is similar to the study location. Instead, we have defined a spatial calibration to calibrate the hincast data in an area, with instrumental data from other position that have different wave climate to the location under study.All calibration methodologies have been applied to the Spanish coastal area, it is calibrated the SIMAR-44 hindcast database (Spanish National Ports and Harbours Authority, OPPE) with instrumental data (buoys and satellites).

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<p>In order to understand how waves influence the exchange of momentum, latent heat and other parameters, between the ocean surface and the atmosphere, one can use models. A coupling between a wave model and an atmospheric regional climate model, for the Baltic Sea, will be performed at the Meteorology Institute in Uppsala University. The wave model is a state of the art, third generation wave model called WAM.</p><p>The new version of the WAM model (cycle 4) needs to be validated. The aim of this thesis is to perform this validation and also to investigate what meteorological forcing one should use to achieve best results. Two different types of forcing are analyzed, ERA40 reanalysis and the RCA climate model. In order to do this, observations from six different buoys in the Baltic Sea will be compared with the model output from WAM. The parameters that will be compared in this study are significant wave height, direction and peak period.</p><p>A consistent phenomenon for all the buoys is a slightly overestimation by the model of what the rate of this increases with increasing wave height. If one compares the model output when WAM are forced with the RCA climate model and when it is forced with ERA40 reanalysis, the differences between them are notable but not large. ERA40 is slightly better.</p><p>Significant wave height is quite good and gives a reasonably result. Some buoys and periods are better and some are worse. There are some differences for the significant wave height between the east coast and the west coast of Sweden, when forcing the model with RCA. It is slightly better on the west coast. On the contrary, the results from ERA40 are very coherent. The quality of the hindcast for the direction and the peak period, in contrast to the significant wave height, is not that good. The results are not bad, but it only gives a rough picture of the sea state.</p>

In order to understand how waves influence the exchange of momentum, latent heat and other parameters, between the ocean surface and the atmosphere, one can use models. A coupling between a wave model and an atmospheric regional climate model, for the Baltic Sea, will be performed at the Meteorology Institute in Uppsala University. The wave model is a state of the art, third generation wave model called WAM. The new version of the WAM model (cycle 4) needs to be validated. The aim of this thesis is to perform this validation and also to investigate what meteorological forcing one should use to achieve best results. Two different types of forcing are analyzed, ERA40 reanalysis and the RCA climate model. In order to do this, observations from six different buoys in the Baltic Sea will be compared with the model output from WAM. The parameters that will be compared in this study are significant wave height, direction and peak period. A consistent phenomenon for all the buoys is a slightly overestimation by the model of what the rate of this increases with increasing wave height. If one compares the model output when WAM are forced with the RCA climate model and when it is forced with ERA40 reanalysis, the differences between them are notable but not large. ERA40 is slightly better. Significant wave height is quite good and gives a reasonably result. Some buoys and periods are better and some are worse. There are some differences for the significant wave height between the east coast and the west coast of Sweden, when forcing the model with RCA. It is slightly better on the west coast. On the contrary, the results from ERA40 are very coherent. The quality of the hindcast for the direction and the peak period, in contrast to the significant wave height, is not that good. The results are not bad, but it only gives a rough picture of the sea state.

No description available.