Global ETD Search

81	PERIODIC TRENDS IN STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP OF ORGANIC HETEROACENES Grimminger, Marsha Loth 01 January 2011 (has links) Our group has previously shown that small changes to molecular structure result in large changes to device properties and stability in organic electronic applications. By functionalizing aromatic heteroacenes with group 14 and group 16 elements, it is possible to control morphology and improve stability for a variety of applications such as thin film transistors and solar cells. Functionalization within the heteroacene core led to changes in electronic structure as observed by electrochemistry and light absorption. By substituting down the periodic table, the carbon heteroatom bond length increased, leading to subtle changes in crystal packing. Absorption maxima were red-‐shifted and stability to light decreased. Substitution of group 14 elements to the solubilizing ethynyl groups attached to the heteroacene also had an effect on crystallization and stability. Substitution of silicon with carbon decreased solubility as well as stability to light. Substitution with germanium also decreased stability to light, but close contacts within the crystal structure and solubility in nonpolar organic solvents increased. Organic Semiconductors Acenes Organic Thin Film Transistors HOMO Energy Levels Solution Processing Chemistry
82	ANALYSE DU FANTASME DE RETOUR À LA NATURE ET MISE EN LUMIÈRE DES STRUCTURES ARCHAIQUES DE L'IMAGINAIRE CONTEMPORAIN (EUROPE OCCIDENTALE) Borsari, Alexandra 03 December 2010 (has links) (PDF) Le fantasme de retour à la nature, entendu comme un retour à une matrice originelle a surtout pris la forme, en Occident, d'une recherche d'un paradis perdu ou d'un retour à un âge d'or. La première partie vise à illustrer la permanence de ce fantasme avec l'approche de quelques manifestations ayant traversé les âges. Ces expressions du fantasme de retour à la nature sont présentées en deux grandes thématiques : le rapport à l'altérité radicale avec les figures du barbare et du sauvage depuis la haute Antiquité jusqu'au premier voyage de Christophe Colomb dans le chapitre 1, puis la quête d'un monde meilleur avec les millénarismes chrétiens dans le chapitre 2. Le chapitre 3 est, quant à lui, consacré à l'évocation des traces préhistoriques de ce fantasme et, en particulier, aux conséquences de la fracture néolithique. La deuxième partie s'intéresse à l'identité du fantasme de retour à la nature et à sa fonction dans les imaginaires. En Occident, ce fantasme a donné naissance à un paradis terrestre permettant la synthèse de trois fantasmes fondamentaux : jeunesse éternelle, facilité et perfection. Cet aspect du fantasme est abordé dans le chapitre 5. La question de l'existence d'un imaginaire primordial est également approchée de même que les problèmes soulevés par l'élaboration d'une théorie générale de l'imaginaire, cette fois dans les chapitres 4 et 6. La troisième partie cherche à mettre au jour l'origine de ce fantasme : à savoir, sa généalogie évolutive. L'homme bénéficie d'un niveau de sécurité dont nul autre animal ne semble profiter. Homo sapiens doit ainsi son apparition et son essor à sa capacité à se soustraire à l'arbitraire du monde sauvage. Gain de l'évolution, cette liberté de l'être humain signifie son expulsion irréversible de la nature et pourrait être à l'origine du fantasme fondateur de retour à la nature. Le chapitre 7 s'intéresse plus particulièrement à la recherche de l'ailleurs, tandis que le chapitre 8 est focalisé sur les notions de transformation et de maîtrise du monde et le chapitre 9 sur la question de la liberté. imaginaire structures archaïques symbole pensée symbolique évolution Homo sapiens
83	Asymmetric Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies on Copper(I)-Catalyzed Substitution of Allylic Substrates Norinder, Jakob January 2006 (has links) <p>This thesis deals with the copper-catalyzed substitution of allylic substrates.</p><p>In the first part of this thesis, the synthesis of a series of metallocenethiolates is described. The thiolates were examined as ligands in the enantioselective copper(I)-catalyzed γ-substitution of allylic acetates.</p><p>The second part describes a study on copper-catalyzed α-substitution of enantiomerically pure secondary allylic esters. It was observed that the degree of chirality transfer is strongly dependent on the reaction temperature. The loss of chiral information is consistent with an equilibration of the allylCu(III) intermediates prior to product formation, which is essential in order to realize a copper-catalyzed dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation process.</p><p>The third part describes a study on copper-catalyzed stereoselective α-substitution of enantiopure acyclic allylic esters. This method, when combined, with ruthenium and enzyme catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution of allylic alcohols, provides a straightforward route to pharmaceutically important α-methyl carboxylic acids.</p><p>The fourth part is a mechanistic study on the reaction of perfluoroallyl iodide with organocuprates. Experimental studies as well as theoretical calculations were used to explain the contrasting reactivity of perfluoroallyl iodide vs. allyl iodide in cuprate allylation reactions.</p><p>In the fifth part, the development of a practical and useful method for the preparation of pentasubstituted acylferrocenes is presented.</p> copper allylic substitution ferrocene DYKAT cross-coupling homo-coupling DFT Organic chemistry Organisk kemi
84	Unlisted character : on the representation of war and conflict on the contemporary stage Boll, Julia January 2011 (has links) The focus of this dissertation is the theatrical representation of both the individual and war in a time of disintegrating national states and the dramatisation of destruction versus survival as the driving forces on stage. In a study on the future of empire it has been observed that instead of progressing into a peaceful future, the 21st century has slipped back in time into the nightmare of perpetual and indeterminate state of warfare: ceasing to be the exceptional state, war has become 'the primary organising principle of society', thus echoing Giorgio Agamben's declaration that the state of exception has become the status quo. Seminal studies on contemporary warfare and society such as Mary Kaldor's New & Old Wars (2005) and Ulrich Beck's World at Risk (2008 [2007]) trace how the face of war has changed over the past fifteen years. The dramatic texts examined in this thesis reach from plays depicting inner-state conflict, civil war and the politics of fear, for example Caryl Churchill's Far Away (2000), Sarah Kane's Blasted (1995) and Zinnie Harris's war trilogy (2005-2008) over documentary and verbatim-based plays and their attempt to portray the trauma of war by recreating on stage the process of giving testimony and by endorsing public grieving (e.g. various Tricycle productions and Gregory Burke's Black Watch [2006]), to adaptations of Greek tragedies (like Martin Crimp's Cruel and Tender [2004]) and a Shakespearean play. The questions underlying this work are: how can war be represented on stage? and, how do the plays replicate the sociological structures leading to violence and war and explore their transformation of societies? Springing from the discussion about 'New Wars' in the age of globalisation, it will be demonstrated here how these 'New Wars' also bring forth new plays about war.
85	Functional Morphology of the Distal Forelimb and the Evolution of Tool Use in Humans Love, Sarah 14 December 2016 (has links) Previous research on the biomechanics of tool use has focused heavily on traits correlated with locomotion, tool manufacturing, and habitual tool use. Features like the breadth of the metacarpals, relative length of the thumb, styloid process of the third metacarpal, and the breadth of the apical tufts are skeletal features associated with the use and development of stone tools. However, there are many traits of the distal forelimb that may also be correlated directly with the development and use of tools. The purpose of this research is to analyze morphological features of the hands and compare them to features of the arm in humans, fossil Homo and the great apes to understand how the hominin distal arm functions as a mosaic in response to the use of stone tools. The results indicate a separation between tool-users and non-tool users when all distal forelimb dimensions are examined. Omo 40-19 falls closer to non-tool users when univariate plots of ulna length and breadth are examined. Ratios of hand measurements to radius length are better at polarizing the tool-users from non-tool users than are hand dimensions to ulna length ratios. These results highlight the role of the radius in stabilizing the hand during stone tool production. paleoanthropology functional morphology hominin human evolution tool use forelimbs evolution homo
86	Sexuella övergrepp i en kontext av mänsklig säkerhet och biopolitiskt maktutövande : En diskursanalys om inverkan av mänsklig säkerhet på sexuella övergrepp i fredsbevarande operationer Högman, Elisa January 2017 (has links) United Nations peacekeeping has been distinguished as a bringer of peace and stability to countries plagued by war and insecurity. However, reports since the 1990s of sexual exploitations by peacekeeping personnel have tainted these accomplishments. At the same time as these reports started to surface there was an internal development within the UN where the security discourse went from being state focused to being focused on securing the population’s security and health. This new trend was established in the United Nations Development Programme in 1994 as Human Security and laid the ground for the structure of the peacekeeping operations. This study asks the question how these exploits can occur in a discursive context where the population’s welfare and health is the reference of intervention. By examining the following representative cases: the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Central African Republic (CAR), it can be seen how human security expresses a discursive reproduction of two different kinds of power: biopower and sovereign power. Through an analysis of the discourse in documents relating to the interventions it can be seen how these expressions of power creates a contextual environment where the sexual exploitations can take place. biopower sovereign power Homo Sacer bare life human security discourse analysis sexual exploitations United Nations
87	Computational Study on Binding of Naturally Occurring Aromatic and Cyclic Amino Acids with Graphene Daggag, Dalia 31 July 2019 (has links) The knowledge on the conformations of amino acids is essential to understand the biochemical behaviors and physical properties of proteins. Comprehensive computational study is focused to understand the conformational landscape of three aromatic amino acids (AAAs): tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. Three different density functionals (B3LYP, M06-2X and wB97X-D) were used with two basis sets of 6-31G(d) and 6-31+G(d,p) for geometry optimizations of the conformers of AAAs followed by the vibrational frequencies. The goal was to identify the right choice of density functional theory (DFT) level for conformational analysis of amino acids by comparing the computational data against the available experimental results. Calculated infrared (IR) frequency values indicated that wB97X-D/6-31+G(d,p) level is less favorable than other DFT levels in case of O-H and N-H stretching frequencies for the conformers of AAAs. The C=O stretching frequencies at different computational levels were in good agreement with the experimental results. Interactions of AAAs (tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) and two cyclic amino acids (histidine and proline) individually with two finite-sized graphene sheets (C62H20 and C186H36) were explored using M06-2X/6-31G(d) level. Computational investigations of the binding of amino acids with graphene provide knowledge for designing of new graphene-based biological/biocompatible materials. Selected conformers for each amino acid with different orientations on the surface of graphene were examined. The purpose of computational study on graphene-amino acids interactions was to identify the preferred conformer of amino acid to bind on graphene as well as to find the influence of amino acid binding on the band gap of graphene. Different conformers of AAAs generally prefer parallel orientation through π-π interactions to bind with graphene. However, bent orientation is more preferred over parallel to bind on the surface of graphene in case of conformer having relative energy approximately equal to 5 kcal/mol for all three AAAs. Histidine generally exhibits higher binding affinity than proline to form complex with graphene. The binding energies in the aqueous medium were slightly lower than those obtained in the gas phase with some exceptions. The adsorption of amino acids did not affect the band gap of graphene. Graphene Amino acids Binding energy HOMO-LUMO gap Non-bonding interactions DFT calculations Materials Chemistry Physical Chemistry
88	Site formation processes at Rising Star: taphonomy and 3D spatial analyses of the Homo naledi assemblage Kruger, Ashley January 2017 (has links) The recently discovered site of Rising Star in the Craddle of Humankind, Johannesburg, South Africa, has yielded the single largest fossil hominin assemblage on the African continent to have been uncovered to date. Much of the anatomy of the new species, Homo naledi, has been described. With relatively human-like lower limb and strangely primitive-likeupper body, Homo naledi displays a mosaic of traits in its morphology. A small cranium for a member of the genus Homo adds to this unexpected mix of characters. [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version] / MT 2017 Homo naledi Human beings--Origin Human beings--Evolution
89	De l'homme extérieur à l'homme intérieur : l'anthropologie spirituelle de saint Jean Cassien / From the outer man to the inner man : the spiritual anthropology of Saint John Cassian Petre, Florin Ciprian 15 February 2019 (has links) Le champ disciplinaire dans lequel s’inscrit cette recherche est la théologie patristique, et plus précisément la thèse étudie la pensée anthropologique spirituelle et théologique de saint Jean Cassien, telle qu’elle ressort de ses deux ouvrages spirituels, les Institutions cénobitiques et les Conférences. Cela conduit à s'interroger sur la place qu’occupe Cassien par rapport à la tradition monastique orientale antérieure, ainsi que sur l’influence de ses deux ouvrages sur la tradition monastique occidentale postérieure. Notre recherche a pour ambition de comprendre et d’expliquer, à partir d’une lecture analytique approfondie des textes, le fil conducteur de la vision cassinienne de la progression spirituelle de l’homme. Nous esquissons celle-ci en quatre grandes étapes : homo exterior – puritas cordis – homo interior – ignita oratio (contemplatio). Notre insistance dans l’analyse sur les diverses notions du vocabulaire spirituel cassinien vise à mettre en évidence un des aspects originaux de cet auteur pour toute la littérature monastique, à savoir la conversion du vocabulaire ascétique et monastique grec issu de la tradition égyptienne et par là la création et le développement d'une langue spirituelle latine. / The disciplinary field in which this research is conducted is patristic theology. More precisely, the thesis studies the theological and spiritual-anthropological thought of Saint John Cassian, as it emerges from his two spiritual works, Institutes of the Coenobia and Conferences. This leads us to wonder about Cassian's place in relation to the earlier Eastern monastic tradition, as well as about his two works influence on the later western monastic tradition. Our research aims to understand and explain, from an in-depth analytical reading of the texts, the thread of Cassian's vision of the spiritual progression of man. We sketch it in four main stages: homo exterior - puritas cordis - homo interior - ignita oratio (contemplatio). Our insistence in the analysis of the various notions of Cassian's spiritual vocabulary aims to highlight one of the original aspects of this author for all monastic literature, namely the conversion of the Greek ascetic and monastic vocabulary, derived from the Egyptian tradition, and thereby the creation and development of a Latin spiritual language. Jean Cassien Anthropologie spirituelle Monachisme Ascétisme Cénobitisme Anachorétisme Uita actualis Contemplatio Homo exterior Homo interior Puritas cordis Cor Mens Prière Oratio ignita John Cassian Spiritual anthropology Monasticism Asceticism Cenobitism Anchoritic life Uita actualis Contemplatio Homo exterior Homo interior Puritas cordis Cor Mens Prière Oratio ignita 189.2
90	Alla vägar leder till fantasy : en studie av hur fantasyläsande BHS-studenter går tillväga för att få tag på skönlitteratur / All roads lead to fantasy : a study of how fantasy-reading BHS-students obtain fiction Herrman, Charlotte, Sidenvik, Emma January 2009 (has links) Fantasy literature has a rather strong position in countries with an English-speaking population but not in Sweden. The supply of fantasy in Sweden is much smaller than that in for example United Kingdom. Does this affect the Swedish readers of this genre? If it does, how does it affect them? The aim of this thesis is to find out how a few fantasy-reading students at the Swedish School of Library and Information Science get hold of the fiction they want to read and who and/or what influence their decision of which book to read. In order to avoid confusion we are also going to try to find out how they define fantasy since it varies from person to person what is included in the genre. To get a result we interviewed eight students using the method of qualitative interviews. Then we analyzed the result using George Kingsley Zipf’s principle of least effort, the theory of the economic man and Patrick Wilson’s cognitive authority. The result show that almost all of the students have the same definition of fantasy and uses different ways to get hold of fantasy compared to how they get hold of other kinds of fiction. It also shows that most of them have different influences when choosing a book in the genre of fantasy and when choosing a book from a different genre. / Uppsatsnivå: D fantasy studenter lästips zipf homo oeconomicus litteratursökning kognitiva auktoriteter utbud Social Sciences Samhällsvetenskap

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