The aim of this study is to examine the coping strategies used in Anton Lundholm’s autobiography “Välkommen in i min garderob” (“Welcome into my closet”) (2017) in his attempt to unite his Christian faith with his homosexuality. The further aim of the study is to contribute knowledge to Christian communities on how they can counter individuals that struggle with uniting these identities. The analysis is deductive and categorized into topics based on the research questions, formed from the theory. These topics are: (1) the identification of stressors Lundholm experienced, (2) the coping strategies he used to handle those stressors and lastly (3) the consequences of the coping strategies used. The methodology used in the analysis is deductive. The study is used in comparison to Pargament’s theory on four methods of coping: the conservation n and transformation of means and ends (1997). These four coping strategies are preservation, reconstruction, evaluation and recreation. The results of the study show that, in relation to Pargament’s theory, the majority of Lundholm’s coping strategies caused him more psychological stress. One of these coping strategies was self-denial of his sexual orientation. However, an important turning point was when he came across “Christian Gay Network.” This network helped him change the way he viewed his faith, allowing him to change his means. In line with Pargament’s theory, this change of means allowed him to work towards achieving the new goal of self-acceptance of his homosexuality. The study contributes recommendations to Christian communities on how to support individuals that struggle with being Christian and homosexual.

O emergir deste novo século traz consigo mudanças significativas nas estruturas sociais, políticas e econômicas. Especificamente na esfera social, assistimos a reconfiguração dos modelos familiares, antes presos a estrutura patriarcal e nuclear, e hoje abertos a inúmeras possibilidades, dentre as quais os casais homossexuais. As discussões acerca dessas relações têm ganhado fôlego e visibilidade e seus debates transitam entre o campo político, jurídico, religioso, moral e científico. Observa-se uma relativa tendência dentro da academia e da prática psicológica de buscar uma postura não estigmatizante e preconceituosa. Em contrapartida, a literatura científica que trata do tema é escassa e os estudos nacionais são ainda mais raros. Neste sentido, este estudo qualitativo teve como objetivo conhecer de maneira aprofundada a experiência conjugal de casais homossexuais à luz das transformações da intimidade na contemporaneidade. Acredita-se que tal conhecimento pode oferecer subsídios para o planejamento e execução de intervenções psicológicas que considerem as necessidades e características específicas dessa população. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com seis casais homossexuais masculinos de Ribeirão Preto, constituídos de parceiros adultos com pelo menos três anos de coabitação. As entrevistas foram áudio-gravadas, transcritas na íntegra e submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática. Como complementação, foi mantido um diário de campo para registro de impressões e acontecimentos durante a fase de coleta de dados. A partir da análise do material pôde-se identificar que o processo de construção da relação desses casais é marcado pela busca de modelos de relacionamento em que ora leva a comparação ao modelo heterossexual dominante, ora culmina com o desenvolvimento criativo de um estilo particular de conjugalidade. Os casais relatam esforço de negociação das diferenças que emergem ao longo da história da relação e que demandam mudanças contínuas. Tais mudanças imprimem um caráter transformador à experiência conjugal. Os ritos que os casais desenvolvem atuam como forma de circunscrever os limites da relação, marcar o tempo e as fases compartilhadas e de oferecer segurança na medida em que produzem uma tradição confortante. Além disso, a relação homossexual é produzida em contínuo diálogo com as instâncias sociais que muitas vezes, por preconceito e discriminação, limitam e isolam a experiência conjugal, constituindo uma fonte de angústia. Nesse sentido, a ciência psicológica pode contribuir favorecendo a criação de espaços e contextos dialógicos onde esses casais possam encontrar apoio e auxílio na construção de seus relacionamentos. / The new century has brought meaningful changes in social, political and economical structures. In the social arena, we can notice a reconfiguration of familiar models, once bound to a nuclear and patriarchal standard, and nowadays open to several possible configurations, from among homosexual couples. The debate around such relations is getting louder and visible and its outcomes move in the political, legal, religious, moral and scientific fields. It can be noticed a relative bias either in the academic discussion or in psychological practice to search for a non-stigmatizing approach. On the other hand, scientific literature concerning this subject is scarce and national studies are even rarer. Thus, this qualitative study aimed at understanding the conjugal experience of male homosexual couples as part of the contemporary transformations on intimacy. We believe that such understanding can subsidize the planning and execution of psychological interventions designed to meet the specific characteristics and needs of this population. Six male adult homosexual couples from Ribeirão Preto with at least three years of cohabitation were interviewed. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed and submitted to a content analysis. A field diary was kept as a complementary form of data collection, in which impressions and especial events were registered. The interviews analysis shows that the process though which the couples construct their relations is marked by the search for relationship standards that either leads to a comparison to the dominant heterosexual model, or ends up in the creative development of a particular conjugal pattern. The couples report effort to negotiate the differences that emerges during the history of the relationship and that demands continuous changes. Such changes determine a transformative character to the conjugal experience. Rites developed inside the relationship works as forms of circumscribing the relations boundaries, marking time and stages and offering security once they produce a comfortable tradition. Furthermore, homosexual relationships are produced in a continuous dialogue with social instances that, often by prejudice and discrimination, constrain and isolate the conjugal experience, constituting a source of distress. In this sense, Psychology can contribute favoring the creation of dialogical contexts where these couples may find support in the construction of their relationships.

Esta tese é sobre o preconceito e intolerância contra a homossexualidade, a partir da análise semiótica de depoimentos de mães heterossexuais e de filhos homossexuais, brasileiros. O trabalho divide-se em introdução, quatro capítulos principais, conclusão, bibliografia e anexos. Na introdução, delineou-se o contexto externo em que se desenvolve a dificuldade de aceitação das mães heterossexuais a seus filhos homossexuais e um apanhado geral do trabalho. O contexto interno foi considerado como o resultado do cruzamento comparativo de centenas de depoimentos analisados, de mães e filhos. Utilizou-se, como embasamento teórico, a semiótica de tradição francesa e seu instrumental de análise e a tese divide-se como segue: O primeiro capítulo traz a metodologia que foi utilizada e os objetivos do trabalho. O principal objetivo foi analisar como são construídos os discursos de rejeição e/ou os discursos de aceitação da homossexualidade de filhos por suas mães, heterossexuais. Em contrapartida, foram analisados os discursos dos filhos. O segundo capítulo tratou do preconceito, de mães e dos filhos, anterior à descoberta da homossexualidade. No terceiro e quarto capítulos da tese, relacionou-se o percurso discursivo passional de rejeição/aceitação das mães à sua influência no percurso passional de autoaceitação dos filhos e levantou-se os principais tipos de paixões e ações apaixonadas que esses discursos manifestam. Examinou-se também a organização discursivo-passional e da enunciação de milhares de depoimentos, relacionando texto e contexto via enunciação. A partir disso, foi feito o levantamento de semelhanças e diferenças qualitativas, entre os percursos de aceitação das mães a seus filhos homossexuais, na última década (2001 a 2010). / This dissertation deals with prejudice and intolerance against homosexuality, based on the semiotic analysis of statements of Brazilian heterosexual mothers of homosexual sons and daughters. The study is divided in an introduction, four main chapters, conclusion, bibliographic references and addenda. The introduction discusses the external context in which mothers develop a difficulty in accepting the homosexuality of their sons, and an outline of the whole dissertation. The internal context of the problem, on the other hand, is taken to be the outcome of the comparison of hundreds of statements, by mothers and sons. French semiotic theory was used as the theoretical background for the analysis and the dissertation is divided as follows: The first chapter lays out the methodology used and the objectives of this study. The main objective was to analyze how rejection and/or acceptance discourses are constructed with respect to the homosexuality of their sons by their heterosexual mothers. In tandem, the discourses of homosexual sons and daughters were analyzed. The second chapter deals with prejudice, from the perspective of mothers and sons, preceding the unveiling of homosexuality. The third and forth chapter explain the relation between the rejection/acceptance passional discoursive trajectory of the mothers and the autoacceptance passional trajectory of the sons. There, the main kinds of passions and passionate actions that are manifested in the discourses are listed and discussed. Other objects of inquiry are the discoursive-passional organization and the enunciation of thousands of statements, relating text and context through the enunciation. Based on that, the study maps the qualitative similarities and differences between the trajectories of acceptance by mothers of their homosexual sons in the first decade of the XXI century.

"耽美"来源于日本，是以女性读者群为主要受众、描写男性与男性之间浪漫关系或性关系的文学或艺术作品，也被称为BL（Boy’s Love）。喜爱耽美的女性爱好者被称为"腐女"。耽美文化自1990 年代后期随着日本流行文化进入中国，至今已在中国网络空间中逐渐发展成为一个主要由女性网民所组成的，包含文本创作、阅读与交流的文化圈。与此同时，耽美文化的流行亦引发了中国当下种种对性与性别问题的思考。 / 本研究将耽美文化解译为"女性幻想男男之爱"的欲望结构，从精神分析幻想理论与酷儿理论的视角来考察中国网络中的耽美文化现象。论文所围绕的一个问题是，耽美文化与中国社会文化中的性/别话语产生了怎样的关系，以及如何从腐女的耽美幻想中搭建起与现实性/别政治的联系。研究首先分析了两类网络耽美小说文本，分别来看它们与1990年代以后的"男同性恋"身份话语，和2000年代以后对"中国古典文化"想象之间的吸收、挪用与再创造；其次以网络腐女圈的论坛讨论与配对狂欢为对象，研究网络耽美式恶搞对官方媒体、主流男性形象和异性恋规范的权威所潜在的颠覆性；最后以2011年一桩"腐女被抓案"新闻报道为契机，来观察耽美文化与网络淫秽色情审查的纠葛、冲突与可能的出路。 / 欲望幻想的流动性决定着它边界的模糊与开放，以及它承载、影响乃至侵扰"现实"秩序的功能。因此，作为一种女性的男性同性情欲幻想，本研究视耽美文化最引人注目的地方不在于其本身的出现与流行程度，而在于它与各种性/别话语的相互建构与矛盾冲突。此外，在对幻想文本、网络话语以及腐女群体的调查中，本研究也期待探索某种"酷儿"政治在中国网络文化中生产的可能性。 / Boy’s love (BL in short; danmei in Chinese) is a Japanese term for female-oriented fictional media, which focuses on love, sex and romance between beautiful androgynous boys or young men. Apart from the gay self-representations, BL is a genre of male homoeroticism by and for mostly heterosexual women. In China, the BL fans call themselves "Fu Nu", which means "rotten girl", to describe their enthusiasm for fantasizing male homosexuality. BL originated from Japanese amine, comic and game youth culture, and has since become a transnational phenomenon all over the world with a global fan base. As such, the phenomenon of boy’s love had already aroused a lot of discussions in relation to ideologies of gender and sexuality from different cultural and social perspectives. BL fandom in China’s culture context with its "Chinese characteristics" also deserves particular attention, when it opens up a fantastic space for Chinese woman to practice their sexuality beyond non-heterosexual norms. / However there is limited work that considers the queer sexuality of female BL fans in China, in relation to the queer texts and queer discourses they create. There is also little research that explores the capacity of boy’s love netizens to resist the on-going internet surveillance by the Chinese government of information deemed ‘sexually inappropriate’ and outside the heterosexual norm. Therefore there remains a paucity of studies that examine the political potentialities of anti-homophobic and queer discourses of sexuality as manoeuvred by the Chinese BL fan base that continue to populate online communities. Based on previous studies about the phenomenon of boy’s Love in China, this paper analyses the queer politics of the online BL fandom in terms of the interactions between BL and the other gender and sexuality discourses on the Chinese Internet. It will be argued that the online BL fandom opens up a virtual space for girls and young women to author practice their male homosexual fantasies. Moreover, it will be maintained that boy’s love appropriates the queerness from the different sides of cyber culture into its narrative fantasies, thus forming a queer continuum made up with the conflicts, complicities and political potentialities of the gender and sexuality on the Chinese internet. This paper concludes with an analysis of the ambiguous relation of BL with Chinese Internet censorship, and traces the capacities of boy’s love netizens in subverting and resisting government surveillance of what it terms ‘obscene’ information. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 周舒燕. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-162). / Abstracts also in English. / Zhou Shuyan.

Orientador: Fernando Silva Teixeira Filho / Banca: Wiliam Siqueira Peres / Banca: Angela Aparecida Donini / Resumo: As visibilidades e as múltiplas possibilidades de novas experimentações que são postas nos mais diversificados palcos do contexto social, no tocante as sexualidades, gêneros e desejos, acabam por traçar territórios estéticos nos campos das artes, tais como o cinema, o teatro, a dança, etc. Expressões de desejos que se colocam em resistência às estratificações e normatizações heteronormativas, abrindo espaços para invenções de políticas/éticas/estéticas que rompam com o pragmatismo, com o essencialismo das normas e dos poderes estabelecidos por enunciações e discursos de saberes/verdades/prazeres hegemônicos. Neste contexto, essa dissertação propôs-se mapear os modos como são produzidos os discursos, os desejos e as performances de gêneros e sexualidades dissidentes à heteronormatividade em curtas-metragens brasileiros exibidos durante o Festival Mix Brasil de Cultura da Diversidade - Cinema, Teatro, Música e Literatura, que tenham como protagonistas homens gays. Para tal, utilizamos uma metodologia que buscou dar visibilidade às conexões rizomáticas das linhas que se entrecruzam entre Psicologia, Sexualidades, Gêneros, Desejos e Cinema. Assim, inspiramo-nos nas interlocuções potentes do método genealógico e da técnica da análise do discurso foucaultiana, combinados às perspectivas Queers e o pensamento deleuzeguattariano sobre a produção dos desejos. O campo amostral da pesquisa percorreu os anos de 2008 a 2013, onde foi selecionado para análise um curta-metragem edição/ano ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Multiple visibilities and the several possibilities of new experimentations that are often staged on the many stages of social context, regarding sexualities, genders and desires, end up making up aesthetic territories in the realms of arts, such as the cinema, the theater, dancing, etc. These expressions of desires, which oppose to the social stratifications and heteronormative norms, create, as a result, scope for the invention of policies/ethics/aesthetics that will set themselves apart from pragmatism ideals, essentialism norms and power struggles established through discourse related to knowledge/truths/hegemonic pleasures. From this perspective, this study aims to map the means of discourse production, the desires and gender performances and sexual performances associated with the heteronormativity present in Brazilian short films that were exhibited at the Festival Mix Brasil de Cultura da Diversidade - Cinema, Teatro, Música e Literatura (Mix Brasil Culture and Diversity Festival - Cinema, Theater, Music and Literature), which shared a common topic: gay male protagonists. In order to do so, a methodology was used that sought to make visible rhizomatic connections between Psychology, Sexualities, Genders, Desires and Cinema. Thus, powerful dialogues of genealogical method and Foucault's discourse analysis technique were the main inspirations for this dissertation, combined with Queer perspectives and ideas concerning the production of desires conceived by Gilles Deleuz... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The thesis offers a reappraisal of the process of 'liberation' for homosexual men in France from the events of May 1968 until the onset of the AIDS crisis in 1983. I argue that what we have come to call gay liberation was in fact a complex and contentious process of transformation in the place of homosexual men in French society, a decade marked as much by continuity as it was by change. Gay liberation has been previously understood as a political movement that brought the gay man onto the political stage in spectacular fashion, beginning in the US and sweeping across Western Europe. New political activism is said to have provoked the changes that led to legal equality, culminating in recent marriage legislation. This narrative has solidified into a liberation 'mythology', written mainly by activists themselves, replete with its founding events, language and metaphors. A re-evaluation of the 1970s as a historical moment reveals not the beginning of a triumphant march to equality led by activists, but a transformation in the place of homosexual men in society that contains its own fits and starts, successes and dead ends. The thesis is divided into three parts: Ruptures, continuities and life stories. Part one focuses on aspects of change, the emergence of radical political groups and the burgeoning market catering to gay men. The second part moves to aspects of continuity: the repression of homosexual activity and the persistent stereotyping of homosexuality as the realm of a Parisian literary elite. To close the thesis, part three uses oral history to consider the life stories of men who experienced the period.

This thesis explores the changing use of language in British newspapers that was used to describe queer people, between 1976 and 2005. It brings together a broad spectrum of sociological, linguistic and media theorists to investigate how such change was driven and describe some of the social consequences. The discussion is framed through the analysis of ifferent facets of the queer community's experience which are being represented in the press over that time frame such as: the closet, queer protest and normalization. Whilst at the same time, aspects of the researcher's personal biography are woven into the writing to solidify the connections between theory, representation and individual experience. This then is a multi-theoretical study using changing language and representation as a methodology with its heart in media and language studies, sociology, queer studies and history. The research is focused upon newspaper articles taken from national, regional and queer newspapers and each was focused upon as aspect of the queer experience. The main case studies included comparisons between different papers, The Gay News Trial in 1977 and protests concerning section 28 in 1988. Later, it explores power and the closet across the period and ends by utilising articles involving queer youth, queer family and queer professionals. The analysis reveals that we are living in a new Foucaultian episteme; new age with a new spirit this developed out of the protests and campaigns of the 1970s and 1980s which led to a compression upon language driving linguistic change. This compression led the normalization of queer people within society.

This thesis employs an approach of discourse analysis on male homosexuality in postwar Japan from the viewpoint of the tense relations between Japanese cultural nationalism and the globalisation/Westernisation, along with the shifts of discourses of sexuality in the United States and the UK. Through analysing the discourses of sexuality in post-war Japan, I will theoretically indicate the historical and political relationship between problems of gender and sexuality, and national problems such as national identity between Japanese and Western cultures, ideal image of the nation, and its modern development. Firstly, I argue the works of Mishima Yukio (1925-1970), who is one of the representative writers in post-war Japan, especially famous for his gaythemed works and far-right political activism including his attempt of coup d'état. Then, I explore the political dynamics of gay shame in Japan, focusing on Togo Ken (1932-2012), a pioneer of Japanese gay activism who had challenged national elections since 1971 as an openly homosexual candidate. Next, I discuss how the AIDS crisis has changed the discourses of sexuality and the sense of national and cultural borders in Japan. I then discuss the Japanese homonormativity in the 2000s, analogous to Lisa Duggan's new homonormativity in the US context. Finally, I analyse Japanese ‘LGBT' political phenomena under the transnational influence of the Obama administration's LGBT-friendly policy in the contemporary Japan, and point out problems under the influences of ‘global' LGBT activism in contemporary Japanese society.

Esta tese é sobre o preconceito e intolerância contra a homossexualidade, a partir da análise semiótica de depoimentos de mães heterossexuais e de filhos homossexuais, brasileiros. O trabalho divide-se em introdução, quatro capítulos principais, conclusão, bibliografia e anexos. Na introdução, delineou-se o contexto externo em que se desenvolve a dificuldade de aceitação das mães heterossexuais a seus filhos homossexuais e um apanhado geral do trabalho. O contexto interno foi considerado como o resultado do cruzamento comparativo de centenas de depoimentos analisados, de mães e filhos. Utilizou-se, como embasamento teórico, a semiótica de tradição francesa e seu instrumental de análise e a tese divide-se como segue: O primeiro capítulo traz a metodologia que foi utilizada e os objetivos do trabalho. O principal objetivo foi analisar como são construídos os discursos de rejeição e/ou os discursos de aceitação da homossexualidade de filhos por suas mães, heterossexuais. Em contrapartida, foram analisados os discursos dos filhos. O segundo capítulo tratou do preconceito, de mães e dos filhos, anterior à descoberta da homossexualidade. No terceiro e quarto capítulos da tese, relacionou-se o percurso discursivo passional de rejeição/aceitação das mães à sua influência no percurso passional de autoaceitação dos filhos e levantou-se os principais tipos de paixões e ações apaixonadas que esses discursos manifestam. Examinou-se também a organização discursivo-passional e da enunciação de milhares de depoimentos, relacionando texto e contexto via enunciação. A partir disso, foi feito o levantamento de semelhanças e diferenças qualitativas, entre os percursos de aceitação das mães a seus filhos homossexuais, na última década (2001 a 2010). / This dissertation deals with prejudice and intolerance against homosexuality, based on the semiotic analysis of statements of Brazilian heterosexual mothers of homosexual sons and daughters. The study is divided in an introduction, four main chapters, conclusion, bibliographic references and addenda. The introduction discusses the external context in which mothers develop a difficulty in accepting the homosexuality of their sons, and an outline of the whole dissertation. The internal context of the problem, on the other hand, is taken to be the outcome of the comparison of hundreds of statements, by mothers and sons. French semiotic theory was used as the theoretical background for the analysis and the dissertation is divided as follows: The first chapter lays out the methodology used and the objectives of this study. The main objective was to analyze how rejection and/or acceptance discourses are constructed with respect to the homosexuality of their sons by their heterosexual mothers. In tandem, the discourses of homosexual sons and daughters were analyzed. The second chapter deals with prejudice, from the perspective of mothers and sons, preceding the unveiling of homosexuality. The third and forth chapter explain the relation between the rejection/acceptance passional discoursive trajectory of the mothers and the autoacceptance passional trajectory of the sons. There, the main kinds of passions and passionate actions that are manifested in the discourses are listed and discussed. Other objects of inquiry are the discoursive-passional organization and the enunciation of thousands of statements, relating text and context through the enunciation. Based on that, the study maps the qualitative similarities and differences between the trajectories of acceptance by mothers of their homosexual sons in the first decade of the XXI century.

陸靜梅. / "2008年5月". / "2008 nian 5 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-54). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Lu Jingmei. / Chapter 第一章： --- 教會是愛的群體嗎？ / Chapter 第二章： --- 回到早期敦會的爭議：基督的神性 / Chapter 1. --- 教父時代的基督論： / Chapter 2. --- 爭議的開端：亞流主義(Arianism)的形成及其內容 / Chapter 3. --- 教會回應：反對亞流的聲音 / Chapter 4. --- 爭端的經過： / Chapter 5. --- 尼西亞會議後的局面 / Chapter 6. --- 爭議的結束：君士坦丁堡會議的召開(381年） / Chapter 第三章： --- 由「基督是神嗎？ 」的爭議到「同性戀是罪嗎？」的爭議 / Chapter 1. --- 重尋彩虹路：同志運動誕生的背景 / Chapter 2. --- 同性戀爭議的再起：立法消除歧視的諮詢 / Chapter 3. --- 同性戀問題的爭議與分歧 / Chapter 第四章： --- 疏理「基督論」與「同性戀」爭議的關聯及引申 / Chapter 1. --- 打造一場「真理」vs「非真理」的戰爭 / Chapter 2. --- 宗教問題以政治方法解決：「求真」vs「求勝」 / Chapter 3. --- 看得見的真相？由對「基督神性」的理解到對「性」的詮釋 / Chapter 第五章： --- 總結 / Chapter 1. --- 歷史的代價 / Chapter 2. --- 在追尋真理下的開放和委身 / Chapter 3. --- 忠於聖經及傳統是識別信仰的唯一試金石？ / Chapter 4. --- 教會的標記 / 參考書目