<p>Syftet med examensarbetet var att ta fram ett webbaserat säljstödssystem åt Koneo i Gävle.Systemet skulle underlätta för säljarna i deras dagliga arbete med att samla information om kunder på ett ställe. Vidare kan de där redigera information, skicka e-post, ta fram olika dokument m.m. De tekniker vi använt oss av är ASP.NET, SQL-lagrade procedurer,JavaScript, CSS och VBScript. Resultatet av arbetet är ett fullt fungerande system som kommer att tas i bruk av företaget inom kort.</p>

Syftet med examensarbetet var att ta fram ett webbaserat säljstödssystem åt Koneo i Gävle.Systemet skulle underlätta för säljarna i deras dagliga arbete med att samla information om kunder på ett ställe. Vidare kan de där redigera information, skicka e-post, ta fram olika dokument m.m. De tekniker vi använt oss av är ASP.NET, SQL-lagrade procedurer,JavaScript, CSS och VBScript. Resultatet av arbetet är ett fullt fungerande system som kommer att tas i bruk av företaget inom kort.

The goal of this study is to conduct a performance comparison betweenNode.js, Apache, Internet Information Services (IIS) and Go web servers in terms of throughput and memory consumption in both Input/Output (I/O)-intensive and computation-intensive situations. The computation-intensive tests consisted of calculating Fibonacci numbers, while the I/O-intensive tests consisted of querying a database. JMeter was used to send the requests and collect client- side data while Windows Performance Monitor was used to collect data on the resource use of the web servers on the server-side computer. The results showed that Go web server had the highest throughput and lowest memory consumption in all of the tests, with an average increase in throughput of 26% and an average decrease in memory consumption by 66% compared to the web servers placing second in the tests. IIS web server was the server that most often placed second behind Go. Contrary to previous studies Node.js performed worse than Apache in the I/O-intensive tests. The results also showed that Apache web server performed poorly in computation-intensive situations in terms of throughput. The conclusion is that the results indicate that Go web server performs better than Apache, IIS and Node.js web servers in both I/O- intensive and computation-intensive situations in terms of both throughput and memory consumption. / Denna studies mål är att genomföra en prestandajämförelse mellan Node.js, Apache, IIS och Go-webbservrar mätt i genomströmning och minnesallokering i både I/O-intensiva och beräkningsintensiva situationer. De beräkningsintensiva testerna bestod av att beräkna Fibonaccital medan de I/O-intensiva bestod av att be en databas om data. Programmet JMeter användes till att genomföra klientdatorns begäran till serverdatorn och till att samla data om begäran. Windows-programmet Performance Monitor användes till att samla data om webbservrarnas resursanvändning på serverdatorn. Resultaten visade att Go-webbservern hade högst genomströmmning och minst minnesallokering i alla tester med en genomströmmning som i genomsnitt var 26% högre och minnesallokering som var i genomsnitt 66% lägre än webbservrarna som presterade näst bäst i testerna. Webbservern som oftast presterade näst bäst var IIS. I motsats till resultaten i tidigare studier presterade Node.js sämre än Apache i de I/O-intensiva testerna. Apache visade sig prestera dåligt de beräkningsintensiva testerna. Studiens slutsats är att resultaten indikerar att Go-webbserver presterar bättre än Node.js, Apache och IIS-webbservrar i både I/O-intensiva och beräkningsintensiva situationer sett till genomströmning och minnesallokering.

O polifenismo facultativo, observado entre rainhas e operárias em insetos altamente eussociais tem como estímulo inicial uma alimentação diferencial na fase larval que afeta tanto o desenvolvimento geral das larvas quanto a diferenciação de órgãos e sistemas, principalmente o sistema reprodutor das fêmeas. A via de sinalização por insulina (IIS) é uma das principais vias que integra o desenvolvimento geral de animais com as suas condições nutricionais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar possíveis relações entre a via de sinalização por insulina e a diferenciação das castas em abelhas Apis mellifera. A partir de análises do genoma de Apis mellifera anotamos genes integrantes desta via e verificamos que há dois genes codificadores para receptores de insulina, InR1 e InR2. Os perfis de transcrição desses dois genes obtidos por RT-PCR quantitativa, em larvas de rainhas e operárias durante o período de troca de alimentação, demonstraram que há diferenças consideráveis nos padrões temporais e nos níveis dos transcritos para os receptores de insulina, InR1 (GB15492) e InR2 (GB18331), dentro de cada casta, como também entre as duas castas. Em rainhas verificamos uma interessante variação na transcrição de InR1, que no terceiro instar larval foi cerca de cinco vezes maior que a transcrição de InR2 e no quarto instar seguiu em níveis semelhantes ao de InR2. Essa variação de InR1 pode estar relacionada ao teor de proteínas da geléia real oferecida às larvas de rainhas no terceiro instar, que é maior do que teor de proteínas da geléia real oferecida a partir do quarto instar larval. Para as amostras de larvas de operárias observamos que os níveis dos transcritos dos dois receptores, InR1 e InR2, foram baixos no terceiro estágio larval e aumentaram, de maneira semelhante, até o início do quinto estágio larval, o que pode ter sido devido a algum composto existente na geléia de operária que estimule a transcrição dos genes para os receptores de insulina. Foram feitas análises complementares dos níveis de transcrição dos genes InR1 e InR2, em amostras de ovários, tanto de operárias quanto de rainhas, e em amostras de operárias adultas cultivadas em diferentes tipos de alimentações. Essas análises complementares evidenciaram que a transcrição dos genes para os receptores de insulina em Apis mellifera foi diferente nos ovários de ambas as castas, quando comparada às amostras de corpo inteiro, e que em operárias o transcrito do InR1 foi dominante ao longo de quase toda a vida adulta, sendo superado pelo transcrito InR2 apenas por volta de 13 e 15 dias.. Além disso, uma relação positiva entre o conteúdo de proteína e a transcrição de InR1 foi observada quando analisamos a sua transcrição em amostras de operárias adultas alimentadas com bee bread, uma dieta rica em proteína. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho, juntamente com os de Wheeler e colaboradores (2006), Seehus e colaboradores (2006), e Patel e colaboradores (2007), constituem as primeiras informações da via IIS em Apis mellifera, e servirão de base na busca da relação entre a dieta e os sinais downstream envolvidos na determinação de casta e diferenciação. / The initial stimulus that generates the facultative queen/worker polyphenism in highly social insects is a differential alimentation in the larval stages. It affects the general development of the larvae, as well as the differentiation of organs and systems, especially of the female reproductive system. The insulin signaling pathway (IIS) is one of the main pathways that integrates the general development of animals with their respective nutritional conditions. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between IIS and caste differentiation in the honey bee Apis mellifera. Using the available Apis mellifera genome information we annotated genes belonging to this pathway. We noted that there are two genes encoding putative insulin receptors, InR1 and InR2. The transcriptional profiles of these genes were obtained by quantitative RT-PCR of queen and workers larvae, giving special attention the period during which the larval diet changes. These results revealed considerable differences in the temporal patterns and levels of the transcripts of two the insulin receptor genes, InR1 (GB15492) and InR2 (GB18331) between the two castes and during their respective larval development. For queens we noted an interesting modulation in InR1 transcription: in the third larval instar it was about five fold higher than the transcription of InR2, but in the fourth instar both receptors were transcribed at similar levels. This variation in InR1 expression may be related to the protein content of royal jelly offered to the queen larvae in third instar, that is higher than the protein content of the royal jelly offered to fourth larvae instar. For the worker larvae samples we observed that transcripts levels of the two receptors, InR1 and InR2, were low in the third larval stage and increased in parallel until the onset of the fifth larval stage. This may have been due to some compound in the worker jelly which stimulates the transcription of both genes coding for insulin receptors. Complementary analysis of transcription levels of InR1 and InR2 were performed on ovaries of queen and worker larvae, and on adult workers maintained on different diets. These complementary analyses highlighted that transcription of the InR genes in the larval ovaries of Apis mellifera was differed from the whole body samples. In adult workers the expression of InR1 was dominant over InR2 during most of the adult life cycle, an inversion was only seen in 13 to 15 days old bees. Furthermore, a positive relationship between protein content and InR1 transcription was observed when analyzing its transcription in adult workers fed with bee bread, a protein-rich diet. The results of this work, in conjunction with those of Wheeler et al. (2007), Seehus et al. (2006) and Patel et al. (2007), are the first information on the IIS pathway in honey bees and they represent the basis for an in-depth pursuit on the relationship between diet and downstream signallng envolved in caste determination and differentiation.

O polifenismo facultativo, observado entre rainhas e operárias em insetos altamente eussociais tem como estímulo inicial uma alimentação diferencial na fase larval que afeta tanto o desenvolvimento geral das larvas quanto a diferenciação de órgãos e sistemas, principalmente o sistema reprodutor das fêmeas. A via de sinalização por insulina (IIS) é uma das principais vias que integra o desenvolvimento geral de animais com as suas condições nutricionais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar possíveis relações entre a via de sinalização por insulina e a diferenciação das castas em abelhas Apis mellifera. A partir de análises do genoma de Apis mellifera anotamos genes integrantes desta via e verificamos que há dois genes codificadores para receptores de insulina, InR1 e InR2. Os perfis de transcrição desses dois genes obtidos por RT-PCR quantitativa, em larvas de rainhas e operárias durante o período de troca de alimentação, demonstraram que há diferenças consideráveis nos padrões temporais e nos níveis dos transcritos para os receptores de insulina, InR1 (GB15492) e InR2 (GB18331), dentro de cada casta, como também entre as duas castas. Em rainhas verificamos uma interessante variação na transcrição de InR1, que no terceiro instar larval foi cerca de cinco vezes maior que a transcrição de InR2 e no quarto instar seguiu em níveis semelhantes ao de InR2. Essa variação de InR1 pode estar relacionada ao teor de proteínas da geléia real oferecida às larvas de rainhas no terceiro instar, que é maior do que teor de proteínas da geléia real oferecida a partir do quarto instar larval. Para as amostras de larvas de operárias observamos que os níveis dos transcritos dos dois receptores, InR1 e InR2, foram baixos no terceiro estágio larval e aumentaram, de maneira semelhante, até o início do quinto estágio larval, o que pode ter sido devido a algum composto existente na geléia de operária que estimule a transcrição dos genes para os receptores de insulina. Foram feitas análises complementares dos níveis de transcrição dos genes InR1 e InR2, em amostras de ovários, tanto de operárias quanto de rainhas, e em amostras de operárias adultas cultivadas em diferentes tipos de alimentações. Essas análises complementares evidenciaram que a transcrição dos genes para os receptores de insulina em Apis mellifera foi diferente nos ovários de ambas as castas, quando comparada às amostras de corpo inteiro, e que em operárias o transcrito do InR1 foi dominante ao longo de quase toda a vida adulta, sendo superado pelo transcrito InR2 apenas por volta de 13 e 15 dias.. Além disso, uma relação positiva entre o conteúdo de proteína e a transcrição de InR1 foi observada quando analisamos a sua transcrição em amostras de operárias adultas alimentadas com bee bread, uma dieta rica em proteína. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho, juntamente com os de Wheeler e colaboradores (2006), Seehus e colaboradores (2006), e Patel e colaboradores (2007), constituem as primeiras informações da via IIS em Apis mellifera, e servirão de base na busca da relação entre a dieta e os sinais downstream envolvidos na determinação de casta e diferenciação. / The initial stimulus that generates the facultative queen/worker polyphenism in highly social insects is a differential alimentation in the larval stages. It affects the general development of the larvae, as well as the differentiation of organs and systems, especially of the female reproductive system. The insulin signaling pathway (IIS) is one of the main pathways that integrates the general development of animals with their respective nutritional conditions. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between IIS and caste differentiation in the honey bee Apis mellifera. Using the available Apis mellifera genome information we annotated genes belonging to this pathway. We noted that there are two genes encoding putative insulin receptors, InR1 and InR2. The transcriptional profiles of these genes were obtained by quantitative RT-PCR of queen and workers larvae, giving special attention the period during which the larval diet changes. These results revealed considerable differences in the temporal patterns and levels of the transcripts of two the insulin receptor genes, InR1 (GB15492) and InR2 (GB18331) between the two castes and during their respective larval development. For queens we noted an interesting modulation in InR1 transcription: in the third larval instar it was about five fold higher than the transcription of InR2, but in the fourth instar both receptors were transcribed at similar levels. This variation in InR1 expression may be related to the protein content of royal jelly offered to the queen larvae in third instar, that is higher than the protein content of the royal jelly offered to fourth larvae instar. For the worker larvae samples we observed that transcripts levels of the two receptors, InR1 and InR2, were low in the third larval stage and increased in parallel until the onset of the fifth larval stage. This may have been due to some compound in the worker jelly which stimulates the transcription of both genes coding for insulin receptors. Complementary analysis of transcription levels of InR1 and InR2 were performed on ovaries of queen and worker larvae, and on adult workers maintained on different diets. These complementary analyses highlighted that transcription of the InR genes in the larval ovaries of Apis mellifera was differed from the whole body samples. In adult workers the expression of InR1 was dominant over InR2 during most of the adult life cycle, an inversion was only seen in 13 to 15 days old bees. Furthermore, a positive relationship between protein content and InR1 transcription was observed when analyzing its transcription in adult workers fed with bee bread, a protein-rich diet. The results of this work, in conjunction with those of Wheeler et al. (2007), Seehus et al. (2006) and Patel et al. (2007), are the first information on the IIS pathway in honey bees and they represent the basis for an in-depth pursuit on the relationship between diet and downstream signallng envolved in caste determination and differentiation.

Examensarbetet går igenom vanliga säkerhetsrisker med publika API:er och ger information om IIS, Apache, Nginx, OAuth 2.0 och några av deras säkerhetsmoduler som kan implementeras. IIS och Apache har inbyggda hanteringsprocesser för att motverka ”Distributed-Denial-of-Service” (DDoS) attacker som jämförs med varandra utifrån analys av en befintlig rapport som testar två olika DDoS attacktyper. Säkerhetslösningarnas autentiseringsmoduler bryts ner i olika verifieringsprocesser, där det framkommer att verifieringsprocesserna har en gemensam svaghet mot ”Man-in-The-Middle” (MitM) attacker. Rapporten går in djupare hur man kan skydda sig mot MitM attacker med bra krypteringsprotokoll, ”Transport Layer Security” (TLS), samt undersöker den nyaste versionen TLS 1.3 / The thesis examines common security risks with public APIs and provides information about IIS, Apache, Nginx and OAuth 2.0 and some of the security modules they provide that can be implemented. IIS and Apache have builtin modules for handling Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks that are compared against eachother through analyzing a existing report that tests two different DDoS attack types. The security solutions authentication modules are broken down into different types of verification processes, where it comes forth that the processes share a common security risk against Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks. The report goes through how you can protect against MitM attacks with secure encryption protocols, Transport Layer Security (TLS), and analyzes the newest version TLS 1.3.

Det här arbetet är en generell forskning om transnationella informationssystem. Det är viktigt att informationsflöden inom en organisation kan överföras utan något hinder. För att lyckas med det bör organisationer lägga en del av sina resurser på arbetet med IT lösningar. Informationsflöden som skrider över ett lands gränser bör särskilt beaktas. Multinationella företag bör tänka på att problematiken med byggandet av IS arkitekturen ökas kraftigt på en internationell nivå. Det finns ett antal olika informationssystemsstrategier som kan tillämpas vid byggandet av ett IS. De riktlinjer och regler som finns med i olika strategier kan delvis passa till TIS om det bara beaktas att TIS hanteras på en global nivå. Strategierna som beskrivs i detta arbete är följande: VBS, IRM, PAKS och SOA. Utifrån de olika strategier och empiriska undersökningen av dagens problematik med transnationella informationssystem bygger jag mina förslag på förbättring. Dessa förslag är mer generella och vidare forskning krävs. Problematiken bör studeras djupare för att varje år ökar antalet olika företag som kommer till globala marknaden och de behöver bättre förslag till hur deras TIS skall byggas.

Meltdown and Spectre are two vulnerabilities discovered in 2017. These vulnerabilities allow unauthorized users to extract confidential information from systems. Security patches have been developed to resolve these vulnerabilities, but with a potental performance loss. This report investigates how PHP is affected by Microsofts web server IIS, with the security patch developed by Microsoft to protect systems against Meltdown and Spectre applied. In a practical laboratory experiment, the JMeter tool has been used to create a simulated load on the web server system, where PHPts CPU usage is monitored and noted for further analysis. The result shows that there has been a 13.74% performance loss with Microsofts security patch applied. This opens up for discussion about what Microsofts security patch actually does in a system, and if there is a suffciently large degradation to consider a transition to another solution.

No description available.

The aim of my diploma thesis is to introduce the problematic of today’s videoconference system and to compare the existing solutions. First chapters of my work are dedicated to a description of the theory of the conference system. Furthermore there is described the application Skype and application WebEx. These are the projects that are the nearest to the submission of this work. On the basis of the acquired information, the thesis is dealing with the creation of my own solution of video conference system. In the third chapter there are described all the used technologies needed for the realization of the project. The thesis is then dealing with the creation of own client on the platform Silverlight. This client is working on the components that play the multimedia content and on the service WCF RIA. After the part dedicated to a creation of the client, there are described the settings of services Windows Server 2008, on which the solution is realized. There are described the settings of services of web server, services of multimedia media, settings of SQL server and usage of program Windows Media Encoder. The last part is dedicated to a testing and plotting of the functionality of created video conference system. In the conclusion of the work there are evaluated the results of the work and described possible directions, where the development of the client of video conference could proceed.