In the recent past South Africa saw an increase in participation in school sport concomitant with an increase in litigation awareness in society. Legal accountability based on damage suffered in the participation in sport has become more common, introducing an additional dimension to risk management by the educator. Learner safety is one of the key aspects in a school. Educator accountability with regard to the safety of learners in school sports is a focus of attention. An effective risk management programme to limit injuries and risks to participants in school sports must be developed. Risk management is the prime instrument by which injuries and the potential exposure of the educator or school to damage and legal accountability can be reduced or prevented. Some aspects of legal risk management are crucial for the educator's duty of care during coaching and the educator's legal duty with regard to the participants' safety. The educator must possess enough legal knowledge to successfully carry out his duty of care. This research will critically assess the safety strategies and the legal risk management of participation in school sports in South Africa. To be able to do this, I determined which common-law and legally accountable determinants can be applicable and what role they will play to ensure the safety of learners in schools. Firstly a literature study in legal risk management in school sports was done. This study found that the educator's responsibilities and obligations are determined by common-law and case law determinants. An empirical investigation was launched. Interviews were conducted with educators involved in sports in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda district of the North-West Province. The topic was the current state of affairs in risk management in school sport. The participants' perceptions of legal risk management were discussed and their views analysed, whereupon findings and recommendations were made. The general impression based on the results was that the educators experience huge uncertainty and are seriously uninformed about with regard to delictual liability towards learners under their care. It was found that educators do not have sufficient legal knowledge to comply with the requirements set by law. Therefore the security of the participants (on grounds of their participation) and the educators (on grounds of their legal accountability) is jeopardised. It is recommended that all tertiary institutions develop training programmes to empower educators and student educators with knowledge of legal procedures in education. It is further recommended that the education department as employer together with governing bodies, principals and trade unions support such training programmes- now and in the future. Finally, educators, school management teams and governing bodies should be more risk-aware and more pro-active in preventing sport-related injuries, because of the ignorance regarding guidelines for risk management in sports and standards of security. The complex nature of our society makes knowledge of the legal aspects in education by all role players in education not only desirable, but mandatory. / MEd (Education Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:14:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilmar Pereira da Silva.pdf: 3720753 bytes, checksum: 965b4fd78fbb8eaac6f442d2f1e30e27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-09 / By means of a sincronic and diacronic approach, the present study attempts to analize humor as an interpretation of reality attentive to its finite character, by way of humoristic images, and more specifically, in those images circumscribed by the space of the web. For this, the investigation was centered in a bibliographic revision and in the analysis of the humoristic blog Kibe Loco. Taking as principal theoretical references Søren Aabye Kierkagaard and Walter Benjamin, the notion of humor was studied as a way of signifying reality that which would favor an existencial leap, according to the first author and as a dialectical image as a historical category that would provoke a waking up according to the second in order to observe the function of humoristic images in digital medias. In this way, it was sought to comprehend the extent to which dialectical images would contribute to the referred leap and waking up , qualitative changes in the relation of the individual with herself and with society as a whole, always making the comparison with the diverse humoristic production of the blog. The first chapter is centered on humor; the second on the image, above all humoristic images; the third chapter combines the theories of the first two with the hypertextual writing of digital platforms / Por meio de uma abordagem sincrônica e diacrônica, o presente trabalho busca analisar o humor como modo de significação da realidade, bem como as imagens humorísticas e, mais especificamente, as circunscritas ao espaço web. Para tanto, a pesquisa centrou-se em revisão bibliográfica e na análise do blog humorístico Kibe Loco. Tomando como referenciais teóricos principais Søren Aabye Kierkegaard e Walter Benjamin, partiu-se da noção de humor como modo de leitura da realidade atenta aos seus aspectos de finitude que favoreceria um salto existencial , conforme o primeiro e de imagem dialética como categoria histórica que suscitaria o despertar , conforme o segundo para observar o funcionamento das imagens humorísticas em mídias digitais. Desse modo, buscou-se compreender em que medida as imagens humorísticas poderiam ser compreendidas como imagens dialéticas e, por tanto, contribuiriam aos referidos salto e despertar , mudanças qualitativas na relação do indivíduo consigo e com a sociedade, sempre cotejando com a diversificada produção humorística do blog. O primeiro capítulo centra-se no humor; o segundo na imagem, sobretudo as humorísticas; o terceiro conjuga as teorias dos dois primeiros com a escrita hipertextual das plataformas digitais

A indústria da construção civil vem assumindo um papel determinante no desenvolvimento econômico do país e vivenciado um crescimento exponencial que exige das empresas uma dedicação crescente na busca por novas tecnologias construtivas e ferramentas que auxiliem na gestão de empreendimentos. Sistemas construtivos racionalizados que repercutam na melhoria dos produtos com a redução de custos são essenciais para manter a competitividade no setor. O sistema construtivo de vedações verticais em concreto armado moldadas in loco confere uma alternativa na produção de habitações em larga escala caracterizada pela redução de custos e alta produtividade originando uma cadeia produtiva que auxilia no planejamento e controle da produção em obras. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o planejamento e o controle da produção de edificações que utilizam em seu processo o sistema construtivo anteriormente citado, propondo um modelo de organização da produção baseado na redução da variabilidade dos processos produtivos por meio do fluxo contínuo da produção, que proporcione o trabalho ininterrupto no canteiro de obras. A proposta associa os princípios que sustentam a filosofia produtiva da Lean Constrution, e recomenda um modelo para o planejamento operacional de curto prazo, que defina os fluxos produtivos pela aplicação de ritmos constantes nas atividades mediante o nivelamento dos recursos de mão-de-obra envolvidos no processo produtivo com a introdução de células produtivas que proporcionam lotes otimizados de trabalho, constituindo células de trabalho. / The construction industry has a decisive role in economic development of the country and experienced exponential growth requires dedication growing companies in the search for constructive new technologies and tools that will assist them in managing exposures. Constructive rationalized systems that reverberate in improvement of products with reducing costs is critical to remain competitive in the industry. The constructive system using cast-in-place concrete vertical panels confers an alternative in the production of large-scale housing characterized by reduced costs and high productivity that provides a productive chain which assists in the planning and production control in workplaces. This work aims to contribute to the planning and production control buildings that use its constructive system previously cited, proposing a model organization of production based on reducing variability in productive processes through streaming production, providing uninterrupted work on site. The proposal combines the principles supporting the production philosophy of Lean Constrution, and recommends a template for the short-term operational planning, defining workflows by applying patterns appearing in activities by the leveling of labour resources involved in the production process with the introduction of work cells that provide small batches of work.

This study assesses the attitudes of resident college students and staffs toward the concept in loco parents as it pertains to residence hall administration. It also describes relationships between attitudes toward in loco parentis combinations of four demographic variables: university, status (staff or resident) academic level, and sex. The chi-square analysis indicated thirty-one significant relationships between attitudes toward the eleven residence hall situations and the four demographic variables. Major findings indicated that: (a) resident students and staffs were ambiguous toward in loco parents; (b) resident students and staffs were for or against in loco parents depending upon the situation (eleven situations are discussed); (c) attitudes of resident students and staffs were similar in most situations; and (d) the majority of resident students and staff members felt positively toward an objective description of in loco parentis, but this attitude did not prevail when the concept was manifested in university staff behavior in typical residence hall situations.

Submitted by DEYTIVAN CARDOSO (deyk_oliveira@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-13T18:53:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DEYTIVAN DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1368162 bytes, checksum: f2e9b3f7b93f4a4b396f5342334ee29b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Miria Moreira (anamiriamoreira@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-18T11:11:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DEYTIVAN DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1368162 bytes, checksum: f2e9b3f7b93f4a4b396f5342334ee29b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T11:11:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DEYTIVAN DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1368162 bytes, checksum: f2e9b3f7b93f4a4b396f5342334ee29b (MD5) / Capes / Este Projeto de Intervenção-PI enfoca as contribuições do estudo sobre formação continuada de professores em educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva, tendo a deficiência visual no cerne da questão. Aborda a importância da preparação docente dentro da profissão-“in loco”- e suas implicações no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência visual. A investigação teve o caráter de uma abordagem qualitativa e consistiu em analisar se os docentes do Ensino Fundamental- Anos Finais da Escola Municipal Odete Nunes Dourado-EMOND, situada no município de Irecê, no estado da Bahia, estão preparados/capacitados para ensinar alunos com deficiência visual (cegos) na sala regular e de que modo uma formação docente, na área da deficiência visual contribui na promoção de uma escola mais inclusiva. Para isso, foi realizado uma pesquisa de campo, cuja estratégia metodológica consistiu num estudo de caso, no qual utilizei como instrumento: um (01) questionário semiestruturado, respondido por 09 professores do 6º ano vespertino e um(01) formulário Google Forms respondido por 18 professores da EMOND. Nesse âmbito, foi possível apreender através destes questionários impressos e eletrônicos as reais necessidades dos professores de profissão e como seus saberes ou não saberes sobre inclusão, deficiência visual, Sistema Braille, Tecnologia Assistiva-TA e outras especificidades repercutiam nas experiências escolares com alunos cegos. No tocante ao referencial teórico, esse PI tem o aporte de autores como Nóvoa (1992, 2009, 2015) ao defender uma formação dentro da profissão, na qual os professores exerçam papéis importantes na formação de seus colegas e na sua própria formação; Tardif (2014) e a questão dos saberes docentes; Miranda, Galvão Filho e colaboradores (2012) discorrendo sobre o professor e a educação inclusiva; além de outros autores que contribuíram na fundamentação dos dispositivos elementares de uma formação docente. Em relação aos fundamentos legais, o estudo se baseou em documentos e legislações, a exemplo da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação- LDB, Nº 9.394/96, da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (2008), entre outros. Para composição desse Projeto de Intervenção e caracterização do lócus da pesquisa, fiz uso de levantamento bibliográfico, análise documental da Proposta Curricular da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Irecê (2013) e do Projeto Político Pedagógico da EMOND. A pesquisa interventiva apontou a necessidade de propor um plano de formação continuada em educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva, cujos pressupostos teóricos/metodológicos possibilitam aos professores refletir sobre os desafios e possibilidades frente a escolarização dos alunos com deficiência visual no Colégio Odete, Irecê/Bahia. / ABSTRACT This Intervention Project-PI focuses on the contributions of the study on continuing education of teachers in special education from the perspective of inclusive education in the area of visual impairment, addressing the importance of professional preparation "in loco" and its implications in the teaching and learning process of students with visual impairment. The research had the character of a qualitative approach and consisted in analyzing if the teachers of the Elementary School - Final Years of the Municipal School Odete Nunes Dourado-EMOND, located in the municipality of Irecê, in the state of Bahia, are prepared / trained to teach students with visual impairment (blind) in the regular classroom and how a teacher training, with visual impairment at the heart of the issue, contributes to the promotion of a more inclusive school. For that, a field research was carried out, whose methodological strategy consisted of a case study, in which I used semistructured questionnaires as instruments, which were answered by 09 teachers of the 6th grade in the afternoon, and a Google Forms form answered by 18 teachers from EMOND. In this context, it was possible to perceive through these questionnaires printed and electronic the real needs of professors of profession and as their knowledge about continued education, inclusion, visual impairment, Braille System, Assistive Technology, had repercussions in the school experiences with blind students. With regard to the theoretical reference, this PI has the support of authors such as Nóvoa (1992, 2009, 2015) in defending a formation within the profession, in which teachers play important roles in the formation of their colleagues and in their own formation; Tardif (2014) and the question of teacher knowledge, Miranda; Galvão Filho et al. (2012) discussing teacher and inclusive education; besides the discussion of the elementary devices of a teacher formation. Regarding the legal grounds, the study was based on documents and legislation, such as LDB 9394/96, the National Policy on Special Education in the Perspective of Inclusive Education (2008), among others. For the composition of this Project of Intervention and characterization of the locus of the research, I made use of a bibliographical survey, documentary analysis of the Curriculum Proposal of the Municipal Education Network of Irecê (2013) and the Political Educational Project of EMOND. The intervention research pointed out the need to propose a continuous training plan in the perspective of inclusive education, whose theoretical / methodological assumptions make it possible to reflect on the challenges and possibilities faced by students with visual impairment at Odete College Irecê/Bahia.

L’anesthésie loco-régionale présente une alternative intéressante à l’anesthésie générale dans de nombreuses interventions chirurgicales. L’atout majeur de cette technique est qu’elle réduit grandement les scores de douleurs et améliore par la même la mobilité post-opératoire. L’anesthésie locorégionale écho-guidée (UGRA) devient aujourd’hui, la méthode de référence dans le domaine de l’anesthésie, offrant de nombreux avantages par rapport aux autres méthodes comme la neurostimulation. Cependant, cette technique nécessite en contrepartie un apprentissage spécifique afin d’éviter des complications sévères liées à une erreur de localisation visuelle du nerf dans les images échographiques. L’objectif de cette thèse est de faciliter et de sécuriser la pratique de l’anesthésie loco-régionale écho-guidée. Dans un premier temps, nous avons proposé une méthode de détection du nerf mettant en oeuvre un algorithme qui suite à un prétraitement à partir de filtres fréquentielles, réalise une analyse de texture par apprentissage. Dans ce cadre, deux nouvelles approches ont été explorées : l’une concerne la caractérisation du nerf qui s’appuie sur la prise en compte du bruit présent dans une image ultrasonore, bruit ayant été au préalable atténué partiellement. L’autre propose une technique de sélection des caractéristiques mettant en avant celles qui sont les moins redondantes et les plus pertinentes. Dans un second temps, après étude fine du comportement variable de la morphologie du nerf tout au long d’une séquence d’images ultrasonores, nous avons développé un modèle dynamique ayant comme paramètres des informations en lien avec la cohérence temporelle de la position, de la forme et la confiance de classification des ROI potentielles afin de générer une segmentation robuste. Il est proposé également dans cette partie, un nouveau modèle de forme prenant en compte un ensemble d’intervalles de points de repères du contour, permettant ainsi de s’adapter aux variations de la forme du nerf dans le temps. / Regional anesthesia presents an interesting alternative or complementary act to general anesthesia in many surgical procedures. It reduces pain scores, improves postoperative mobility and facilitates earlier hospital discharge. Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia (UGRA) has been gaining importance in the last few years, offering numerous advantages over alternative methods of nerve localization (neurostimulation or paraesthesia). However, nerve detection is one of the most difficult tasks that anesthetists can encounter in the UGRA procedure. The context of the present work is to provide practitioners with a method to facilitate and secure the practice of UGRA. However, automatic detection and segmentation in ultrasound images is still a challenging problem in many medical applications. This work addresses two main issues. The first one, we propose an algorithm for nerve detection and segmentation in ultrasound images, this method is composed of a pre-processing, texture analysis and machine learning steps. In this part of work, we explore two new approaches ; one to characterize the nerve and the second for selecting the minimum redundant and maximum relevant features. The second one, we studied the nerve detection in consecutive ultrasound frames. We have demonstrated that the development of an algorithm based on the temporal coherence of the position, the shape and the confidence measure of the classification, allows to generate a robust segmentation. In this work, we also propose a new model of shape based on a set of intervals landmarks able to adapt to the nerve shape under a morphological variations.

A indústria da construção civil vem assumindo um papel determinante no desenvolvimento econômico do país e vivenciado um crescimento exponencial que exige das empresas uma dedicação crescente na busca por novas tecnologias construtivas e ferramentas que auxiliem na gestão de empreendimentos. Sistemas construtivos racionalizados que repercutam na melhoria dos produtos com a redução de custos são essenciais para manter a competitividade no setor. O sistema construtivo de vedações verticais em concreto armado moldadas in loco confere uma alternativa na produção de habitações em larga escala caracterizada pela redução de custos e alta produtividade originando uma cadeia produtiva que auxilia no planejamento e controle da produção em obras. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o planejamento e o controle da produção de edificações que utilizam em seu processo o sistema construtivo anteriormente citado, propondo um modelo de organização da produção baseado na redução da variabilidade dos processos produtivos por meio do fluxo contínuo da produção, que proporcione o trabalho ininterrupto no canteiro de obras. A proposta associa os princípios que sustentam a filosofia produtiva da Lean Constrution, e recomenda um modelo para o planejamento operacional de curto prazo, que defina os fluxos produtivos pela aplicação de ritmos constantes nas atividades mediante o nivelamento dos recursos de mão-de-obra envolvidos no processo produtivo com a introdução de células produtivas que proporcionam lotes otimizados de trabalho, constituindo células de trabalho. / The construction industry has a decisive role in economic development of the country and experienced exponential growth requires dedication growing companies in the search for constructive new technologies and tools that will assist them in managing exposures. Constructive rationalized systems that reverberate in improvement of products with reducing costs is critical to remain competitive in the industry. The constructive system using cast-in-place concrete vertical panels confers an alternative in the production of large-scale housing characterized by reduced costs and high productivity that provides a productive chain which assists in the planning and production control in workplaces. This work aims to contribute to the planning and production control buildings that use its constructive system previously cited, proposing a model organization of production based on reducing variability in productive processes through streaming production, providing uninterrupted work on site. The proposal combines the principles supporting the production philosophy of Lean Constrution, and recommends a template for the short-term operational planning, defining workflows by applying patterns appearing in activities by the leveling of labour resources involved in the production process with the introduction of work cells that provide small batches of work.

The aim of this master's thesis was to design, develop and test a method for lossless image compression. The theoretical part includes a description of selected exiting methods such as RLE, MTF, adaptive arithmetic coding, color models used in LOCO-I and JPEG 2000, predictors MED, GAP and laplacian pyramid. The conclusion includes a comparison of various combinations of chosen approaches and overall efficiency compared with PNG and JPEG-LS.

No description available.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a alteração do campo de vento na área de estudo, decorrente da alteração de gabarito quanto à ventilação natural, e avaliar o impacto nas condições de conforto dos pedestres. A verificação das condições de ventilação natural nas cidades, com estudos em modelos, auxilia na elaboração de projetos arquitetônicos, ou de planejamento, possibilitando uma análise da influência do efeito do vento em determinados locais da área em análise. O objeto de estudo da tese é a relação entre a alteração de gabarito (altura dos edifícios) e as mudanças ocasionadas na ventilação natural em espaços urbanos na área entre o Canal 1 e 2 (Bairro Pompéia) na cidade de Santos/SP. Partiu-se da hipótese que a ventilação natural em áreas urbanas depende da altura dos edifícios, da direção e velocidade dos ventos. Foi utilizado método experimental com simulação da configuração urbana em túnel de vento, medidas in loco para a verificação das condições climáticas, simulação com software CFD (Computer Fluids Dynamics) e a aplicação de um índice de neutralidade térmica. Trata-se de uma tese de caráter experimental e exploratório, onde os métodos utilizados demonstraram ser aplicáveis para o entendimento das condições de ventilação natural em meio urbano. / The objective of this research is to verify alterations of the wind pattern in the study area, stemming from changes to the grids natural ventilation, and evaluate the impact to the pedestrians comfort conditions. The verification of natural ventilation conditions in cities, with the study of models, aids in the creation of architectural or planning - designs, enabling an analysis of the influence of the effects of wind in certain points of the area in study. This thesis object of study is the relation between changes to the framework (building height) and changes to the natural ventilation in urban environments in the area between Canal 1 and 2 (Bairro Pompéia), in the city of Santos/SP. The hypothesis is that natural ventilation in urban areas depends on the height of buildings, direction and velocity of winds. The study involved an experimental method, with wind-tunnel simulation of the urban grid, in loco measurements of the climate conditions, simulation with CFD software and application of a thermal neutrality index. This thesis is experimental and exploratory in its character, and the methods used proved applicable to the understanding of the natural ventilation conditions in an urban environment.