Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskan är i sin yrkesposition ofta utsatt för traumatiska upplevelser och kritiska händelser i olika omvårdnadssituationer. Olika faktorer påverkar sjuksköterskans möjligheter och förmåga att återhämta sig psykiskt vilket i många fall leder till sjukskrivningar eller att de till och med lämnar yrket. Med den stora bristen av sjuksköterskor som sjukvården brottas med är det viktigt att uppmärksamma det stöd som sjuksköterskan behöver för att utöva sitt yrke på ett patientsäkert sätt och på ett sätt som inte äventyrar den egna hälsan. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors behov av stöd efter traumatiska upplevelser i omvårdnadssituationer. Metod: Litteraturöversikt över 10 artiklar. Resultat: Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor har ett behov av stöd i form av debriefing, praktiskt och emotionellt stöd främst från kollegor, och ett organisatoriskt stöd där vårdledare erbjuder stödinterventioner om så efterfrågas.    Slutsats: För att sjuksköterskor ska trivas och orka arbeta ett helt yrkesliv inom vården är det viktigt att uppmärksamma behovet av stöd efter olika traumatiska händelser. Likaså att vårdledaren arbetar för en god kamratanda i teamet eftersom det kollegiala stödet visade sig vara det viktigaste för sjuksköterskan. / Background: Nurses are in their profession often exposed to traumatic or critical incidents in situations of caring. Different terms affect nurses possibility and ability to recover psychically which in many cases leads to sick leave or that they even leave their profession. With the lack of nurses that health organizations today struggle with it is important to pay attention to the support that nurses need to practise their profession in a patient safe way that not jeopardizes her own health. Aim: To describe nurses need of support after traumatic/critital incidents in situations of care. Method: Literature review of 10 articles. Result: The result shows that nurses has a need of support in terms of debriefing, practical and emotional support mainly from colleagues, and organizational support where managers offers support interventions if needed. Conclusion: For the wellbeing of nurses in their working life in the health care it is important to acknowledge their need of support after traumatic incidents. Likewise, it is important that the nurse manager creates a positive team spirit as collegial support has shown to be the most important for the nurse.

More than ever, businesses heavily rely on IT service delivery to meet their current and frequently changing business requirements. Optimizing the quality of service delivery improves customer satisfaction and continues to be a critical driver for business growth. The routine maintenance procedure plays a key function in IT service management, which typically involves problem detection, determination and resolution for the service infrastructure. Many IT Service Providers adopt partial automation for incident diagnosis and resolution where the operation of the system administrators and automation operation are intertwined. Often the system administrators' roles are limited to helping triage tickets to the processing teams for problem resolving. The processing teams are responsible to perform a complex root cause analysis, providing the system statistics, event and ticket data. A large scale of system statistics, event and ticket data aggravate the burden of problem diagnosis on both the system administrators and the processing teams during routine maintenance procedures. Alleviating human efforts involved in IT service management dictates intelligent and efficient solutions to maximize the automation of routine maintenance procedures. Three research directions are identified and considered to be helpful for IT service management optimization: (1) Automatically determine problem categories according to the symptom description in a ticket; (2) Intelligently discover interesting temporal patterns from system events; (3) Instantly identify temporal dependencies among system performance statistics data. Provided with ticket, event, and system performance statistics data, the three directions can be effectively addressed with a data-driven solution. The quality of IT service delivery can be improved in an efficient and effective way. The dissertation addresses the research topics outlined above. Concretely, we design and develop data-driven solutions to help system administrators better manage the system and alleviate the human efforts involved in IT Service management, including (1) a knowledge guided hierarchical multi-label classification method for IT problem category determination based on both the symptom description in a ticket and the domain knowledge from the system administrators; (2) an efficient expectation maximization approach for temporal event pattern discovery based on a parametric model; (3) an online inference on time-varying temporal dependency discovery from large-scale time series data.