Robot manipulators are considered as the key element in flexible manufacturing systems. Nonetheless, for a successful accomplishment of robot integration, the robots need to be accurate. The leading source of inaccuracy is the mismatch between the prediction made by the robot controller and the actual system. This work presents techniques for identification of actual kinematic parameters and pose accuracy compensation using a laser-based 3-D measurement system. In identification stage, both direct search and gradient methods are utilized. A computer simulation of the identification is performed using virtual position measurements. Moreover, experimentation is performed on industrial robot FANUC Robot R-2000iB/210F to test full pose and relative position accuracy improvements. In addition, accuracy obtained by classical parametric methodology is improved by the implementation of artificial neural networks. Neuro-parametric method proves an enhanced improvement in simulation results. The whole proposed theory is reflected by developed simulation software throughout this work while achieving accuracy nine times better when comparing before and after implementation.

The final work of master studies reviews various industrial robots constructions and parameters, from which they are characterized. Robotics systems and control of flexible production have been discussed in here. Various robots’ drives and their control advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. In the practical part original robot global movement platform is suggested and algorithm of two flexible production bays handling is created. Static characteristics of linear drive used in platform are calculated. Using software package “Matlab Simulink” model of symmetrical linear induction motor (LIM) is created and dynamic characteristics are gained. Concluding part presents inferences and suggestions.

One of the main tasks for an industrial robot is to move the end-effector in a predefined path with a specified velocity and acceleration. Different applications have different requirements of the performance. For some applications it is essential that the tracking error is extremely small, whereas other applications require a time optimal tracking. Independent of the application, the controller is a crucial part of the robot system. The most common controller configuration uses only measurements of the motor angular positions and velocities, instead of the position and velocity of the end-effector. The development of new cost optimised robots has introduced unwanted flexibilities in the joints and the links. The consequence is that it is no longer possible to get the desired performance and robustness by only measuring the motor angular positions.  This thesis investigates if it is possible to estimate the end-effector position using Bayesian estimation methods for state estimation, here represented by the extended Kalman filter and the particle filter. The arm-side information is provided by an accelerometer mounted at the end-effector. The measurements consist of the motor angular positions and the acceleration of the end-effector. In a simulation study on a realistic flexible industrial robot, the angular position performance is shown to be close to the fundamental Cramér-Rao lower bound. The methods are also verified in experiments on an ABB IRB4600 robot, where the dynamic performance of the position for the end-effector is significantly improved. There is no significant difference in performance between the different methods. Instead, execution time, model complexities and implementation issues have to be considered when choosing the method. The estimation performance depends strongly on the tuning of the filters and the accuracy of the models that are used. Therefore, a method for estimating the process noise covariance matrix is proposed. Moreover, sampling methods are analysed and a low-complexity analytical solution for the continuous-time update in the Kalman filter, that does not involve oversampling, is proposed.  The thesis also investigates two types of control problems. First, the norm-optimal iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm for linear systems is extended to an estimation-based norm-optimal ILC algorithm where the controlled variables are not directly available as measurements. The algorithm can also be applied to non-linear systems. The objective function in the optimisation problem is modified to incorporate not only the mean value of the estimated variable, but also information about the uncertainty of the estimate. Second, H∞ controllers are designed and analysed on a linear four-mass flexible joint model. It is shown that the control performance can be increased, without adding new measurements, compared to previous controllers. Measuring the end-effector acceleration increases the control performance even more. A non-linear model has to be used to describe the behaviour of a real flexible joint. An H∞-synthesis method for control of a flexible joint, with non-linear spring characteristic, is therefore proposed. / En av de viktigaste uppgifterna för en industrirobot är att förflytta verktyget i en fördefinierad bana med en specificerad hastighet och acceleration. Exempel på användningsområden för en industrirobot är bland annat bågsvetsning eller limning. För dessa typer av applikationer är det viktigt att banföljningsfelet är extremt litet, men även hastighetsprofilen måste följas så att det till exempel inte appliceras för mycket eller för lite lim. Andra användningsområden kan vara punktsvetsning av bilkarosser och paketering av olika varor. För dess applikationer är banföljningen inte det viktiga, istället kan till exempel en tidsoptimal banföljning krävas eller att svängningarna vid en inbromsning minimeras. Oberoende av applikationen är regulatorn en avgörande del av robotsystemet. Den vanligaste regulatorkonfigurationen använder bara mätningar av motorernas vinkelpositioner och -hastigheter, istället för positionen och hastigheten för verktyget, som är det man egentligen vill styra.  En del av utvecklingsarbetet för nya generationers robotar är att reducera kostnaden men samtidigt förbättra prestandan. Ett sätt att minska kostnaden kan till exempel vara att minska dimensionerna på länkarna eller köpa in billigare växellådor. Den här utvecklingen av kostnadsoptimerade robotar har infört oönskade flexibiliteter i leder och länkar. Det är därför inte längre möjligt att få den önskade prestandan och robustheten genom att bara mäta motorernas vinkelpositioner och -hastigheter. Istället krävs det omfattande matematiska modeller som beskriver dessa oönskade flexibiliteter. Dessa modeller kräver mycket arbete att dels ta fram men även för att identifiera parametrarna. Det finns automatiska metoder för att beräkna modellparametrarna men oftast krävs det en manuell justering för att få bra prestanda.  Den här avhandlingen undersöker möjligheterna att beräkna verktygspositionen med hjälp av bayesianska metoder för tillståndsskattning. De bayesianska skattningsmetoderna beräknar tillstånden för ett system iterativt. Med hjälp av en matematisk modell över systemet predikteras vad tillståndet ska vara vid nästa tidpunkt. Efter att mätningar av systemet vid den nya tidpunkten har genomförts justeras skattningen med hjälp av dessa mätningar. De metoder som har använts i avhandlingen är det så kallade extended Kalman filtret samt partikelfiltret.  Informationen på armsidan av växellådan ges av en accelerometer som är monterad på verktyget. Med hjälp av accelerationen för verktyget och motorernas vinkelpositioner kan en skattning av verktygspositionen beräknas. I en simuleringsstudie för en realistisk vek robot har det visats att skattningsprestandan ligger nära den teoretiska undre gränsen, känd som Raooch mätstörningar som påverkar roboten. För att underlätta trimningen så har en metod för att skatta processbrusets kovariansmatris föreslagits. En annan viktig del som påverkar prestandan är modellerna som används i filtren. Modellerna för en industrirobot är vanligtvis framtagna i kontinuerlig tid medan filtren använder modeller i diskret tid. För att minska felen som uppkommer då de tidskontinuerliga modellerna överförs till diskret tid har olika samplingsmetoder studerats. Vanligtvis används enkla metoder för att diskretisera vilket innebär problem med prestanda och stabilitet. För att hantera dessa problem införs översampling vilket innebär att tidsuppdateringen sker med en mycket kortare sampeltid än vad mätuppdateringen gör. För att undvika översampling kan det motsvarande tidskontinuerliga filtret användas för att prediktera tillstånden vid nästa diskreta tidpunkt. En analytisk lösning med låg beräkningskomplexitet till detta problem har föreslagits.  Vidare innehåller avhandlingen två typer av reglerproblem relaterade till industrirobotar. För det första har den så kallade norm-optimala iterative learning control styrlagen utökats till att hantera fallet då en skattning av den önskade reglerstorheten används istället för en mätning. Med hjälp av skattningen av systemets tillståndsvektor kan metoden nu även användas till olinjära system vilket inte är fallet med standardformuleringen. Den föreslagna metoden utökar målfunktionen i optimeringsproblemet till att innehålla inte bara väntevärdet av den skattade reglerstorheten utan även skattningsfelets kovariansmatris. Det innebär att om skattningsfelet är stort vid en viss tidpunkt ska den skattade reglerstorheten vid den tidpunkten inte påverka resultatet mycket eftersom det finns en stor osäkerhet i var den sanna reglerstorheten befinner sig.  För det andra har design och analys av H∞-regulatorer för en linjär modell av en vek robotled, som beskrivs med fyra massor, genomförts. Det visar sig att reglerprestandan kan förbättras, utan att lägga till fler mätningar än motorns vinkelposition, jämfört med tidigare utvärderade regulatorer. Genom att mäta verktygets acceleration kan prestandan förbättras ännu mer. Modellen över leden är i själva verket olinjär. För att hantera detta har en H∞-syntesmetod föreslagits som kan hantera olinjäriteten i modellen. / Vinnova Excellence Center LINK-SIC

The thesis deals with the optimal pose selection for geometric and elastostatic calibration for industrial robots employed in machining of large parts. Particular attention is paid to the improvement of robot positioning accuracy after compensation of the geometric and elastostatic errors. To meet the industrial requirements of machining operations, a new approach for calibration experiments design for serial and quasi-serial industrial robots is proposed. This approach is based on a new industry-oriented performance measure that evaluates the quality of calibration experiment plan via the manipulator positioning accuracy after error compensation, and takes into account the particularities of prescribed manufacturing task by introducing manipulator test-poses. Contrary to previous works, the developed approach employs an enhanced partial pose measurement method, which uses only direct position measurements from an external device and allows us to avoid the non-homogeneity of relevant identification equations. In order to consider the impact of gravity compensator that creates closed-loop chains, the conventional stiffness model is extended by including in it some configuration dependent elastostatic parameters, which are assumed to be constant for strictly serial robots. Corresponding methodology for calibration of the gravity compensator models is also proposed. The advantages of the developed calibration techniques are validated via experimental study, which deals with geometric and elastostatic calibration of a KUKA KR-270 industrial robot.

The diploma thesis deals with the virtual commissioning of robotic workplace designed to engrave board materials and their subsequent packaging. The summary of the knowledge that contributes to the development of the virtual commissioning as well as description of each component of the given robotic cell, are described in the theoretical part. In the practical part are described procedures such as assembling of the simulation model in Process Simulate software, creating the PLC program in integrated development environment TIA Portal or creating visualization for HMI panel. In the end, the actual commissioning of the workplace was performed, followed by additional modification and validation of the robotic program.

Ursprünglich wurden Industrieroboter hauptsächlich hinter Schutzzäunen betrieben, um den Sicherheitsanforderungen gerecht zu werden. Mit der Flexibilisierung der Produktion wurden diese scharfen Trennbereiche zunehmend aufgeweicht und externe Sicherheitstechnik, wie Abstandssensoren, genutzt, um Industrieroboter schutzzaunlos zu betreiben. Ausgehend vom Gedanken dieser Koexistenz bzw. Kooperation wurde die Sicherheitssensorik in den Roboter integriert, um eine wirkliche Kollaboration zu ermöglichen. Diese sogenannten kollaborierenden Roboter, oder Cobots, eröffnen neue Applikationsfelder und füllen somit die bestehenden Automatisierungslücken. Doch welche Automatisierungsvariante ist aus wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten die geeignetste? Bisherige Forschung untersucht zum Großteil isoliert eine der beiden Technologien, ohne dabei einen Systemvergleich hinsichtlich technologischer Spezifika und Wirtschaftlichkeit anzustellen. Daher widmet sich diese Dissertation einer Methodik zum wirtschaftlichen Vergleich von kollaborierenden Robotern und Industrierobotern in schutzzaunlosen Maschinenbeladungssystemen. Besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf dem Herausarbeiten der technischen Faktoren, die die Wirtschaftlichkeit maßgeblich beeinflussen, um ein Systemverständnis der wirtschaftlichen Struktur beider Robotertechnologievarianten zu erhalten. Zur Untersuchung werden die Inhalte eines solchen Planungsvorhabens beschrieben, kategorisiert, systematisiert und modularisiert. Auf wirtschaftlicher Seite wird ein geeignetes Optimierungsmodell vorgestellt, während auf technischer Seite vor allem die Machbarkeit hinsichtlich Greifbarkeit, Layoutplanung, Robotergeschwindigkeiten und Zykluszeitbestimmung untersucht wird. Mit deduktiven, simulativen, empirischen und statistischen Methoden wird das Systemverhalten für die einzelnen Planungsinhalte analysiert, um die Gesamtwirtschaftlichkeit mit einem Minimum an Investment,- Produktions,- und Zykluszeitinformationen a priori vorhersagen zu können. Es wird gezeigt, dass durch einen Reverse Engineering Ansatz die notwendigen Planungsdaten, im Sinne von Layoutkomposition, Robotergeschwindigkeiten und Taktzeiten, mithilfe von Frontloading zu Planungsbeginn zur Verfügung gestellt werden können. Dabei dient der Kapitalwert als wirtschaftliche Bewertungsgrundlage, dessen Abhängigkeit vom Mensch-Roboter-Interaktionsgrad in einem Vorteilhaftigkeitsdiagramm für die einzelnen Technologiealternativen dargestellt werden kann. Wirtschaftlich fundierte Entscheidungen können somit auf quantitiativer Basis getroffen werden.:1. Introduction 25 1.1 Research Domain 25 1.2 Research Niche 26 1.3 Research Structure 28 2. State of the Art and Research 31 2.1 Turning Machines and Machine Tending 31 2.1.1 Tooling Machine Market Trends and Machine Tending Systems 31 2.1.2 Workpiece System 34 2.1.3 Machine System 36 2.1.4 Logistics System 39 2.1.5 Handling System 41 2.2 Robotics 43 2.2.1 Robot Installation Development and Application Fields 43 2.2.2 Fenceless Industrial and Collaborative Robots 48 2.2.3 Robot Grippers 55 2.3 Planning and Evaluation Methods 56 2.3.1 Planning of General and Manual Workstations 56 2.3.2 Cell Planning for Fully Automated and Hybrid Robot Systems 59 2.3.3 Robot Safety Planning 61 2.3.4 Economic Evaluation Methods 70 2.4 Synthesis - State of the Art and Research 71 3. Solution Approach 77 3.1 Need for Research and General Solution Approach 77 3.2 Use Case Delineation and Planning Focus 80 3.3 Economic Module – Solution Approach 86 3.4 Gripper Feasibility Module – Solution Approach 89 3.5 Rough Layout Discretization Model – Solution Approach 94 3.6 Cycle Time Estimation Module – Solution Approach 97 3.7 Collaborative Speed Estimation Module – Solution Approach 103 3.7.1 General Approach 103 3.7.2 Case 1: Quasi-static Contact with Hand 107 3.7.3 Case 2: Transient Contact with Hand 109 3.7.4 Case 3: Transient Contact with Shoulder 111 3.8 Synthesis – Solution Approach 114 4. Module Development 117 4.1 Economic Module – Module Development 117 4.1.1 General Approach 117 4.1.2 Calculation Scheme for Manual Operation 117 4.1.3 Calculation Scheme for Collaborative Robots 118 4.1.4 Calculation Scheme for Industrial Robots 120 4.2 Gripper Feasibility Module – Module Development 121 4.3 Rough Layout Discretization Module – Module Development 122 4.3.1 General Approach 122 4.3.2 Two-Dimensional Layout Pattern 123 4.3.3 Three-Dimensional Layout Pattern 125 4.4 Cycle Time Estimation Module – Module Development 126 4.4.1 General Approach 126 4.4.2 Reachability Study 127 4.4.3 Simulation Results 128 4.5 Collaborative Speed Estimation Module – Module Development 135 4.5.1 General Approach 135 4.5.2 Case 1: Quasi-static Contact with Hand 135 4.5.3 Case 2: Transient Contact with Hand 143 4.5.4 Case 3: Transient Contact with Shoulder 145 4.6 Synthesis – Module Development 149 5. Practical Verification 155 5.1 Use Case Overview 155 5.2 Gripper Feasibility 155 5.3 Layout Discretization 156 5.4 Collaborative Speed Estimation 157 5.5 Cycle Time Estimation 158 5.6 Economic Evaluation 160 5.7 Synthesis – Practical Verification 161 6. Results and Conclusions 165 6.1 Scientific Findings and Results 165 6.2 Critical Appraisal and Outlook 173 / Initially, industrial robots were mainly operated behind safety fences to account for the safety requirements. With production flexibilization, these sharp separation areas have been increasingly softened by utilizing external safety devices, such as distance sensors, to operate industrial robots fenceless. Based on this idea of coexistence or cooperation, safety technology has been integrated into the robot to enable true collaboration. These collaborative robots, or cobots, open up new application fields and fill the existing automation gap. But which automation variant is most suitable from an economic perspective? Present research dealt primarily isolated with one technology without comparing these systems regarding technological and economic specifics. Therefore, this doctoral thesis pursues a methodology to economically compare collaborative and industrial robots in fenceless machine tending systems. A particular focus lies on distilling the technical factors that mainly influence the profitability to receive a system understanding of the economic structure of both robot technology variants. For examination, the contents of such a planning scheme are described, categorized, systematized, and modularized. A suitable optimization model is presented on the economic side, while the feasibility regarding gripping, layout planning, robot velocities, and cycle time determination is assessed on the technical side. With deductive, simulative, empirical, and statistical methods, the system behavior of the single planning entities is analyzed to predict the overall profitability a priori with a minimum of investment,- production,- and cycle time information. It is demonstrated that the necessary planning data, in terms of layout composition, robot velocities, and cycle times, can be frontloaded to the project’s beginning with a reverse engineering approach. The net present value serves as the target figure, whose dependency on the human-robot interaction grade can be illustrated in an advantageousness diagram for the individual technical alternatives. Consequently, sound economic decisions can be made on a quantitative basis.:1. Introduction 25 1.1 Research Domain 25 1.2 Research Niche 26 1.3 Research Structure 28 2. State of the Art and Research 31 2.1 Turning Machines and Machine Tending 31 2.1.1 Tooling Machine Market Trends and Machine Tending Systems 31 2.1.2 Workpiece System 34 2.1.3 Machine System 36 2.1.4 Logistics System 39 2.1.5 Handling System 41 2.2 Robotics 43 2.2.1 Robot Installation Development and Application Fields 43 2.2.2 Fenceless Industrial and Collaborative Robots 48 2.2.3 Robot Grippers 55 2.3 Planning and Evaluation Methods 56 2.3.1 Planning of General and Manual Workstations 56 2.3.2 Cell Planning for Fully Automated and Hybrid Robot Systems 59 2.3.3 Robot Safety Planning 61 2.3.4 Economic Evaluation Methods 70 2.4 Synthesis - State of the Art and Research 71 3. Solution Approach 77 3.1 Need for Research and General Solution Approach 77 3.2 Use Case Delineation and Planning Focus 80 3.3 Economic Module – Solution Approach 86 3.4 Gripper Feasibility Module – Solution Approach 89 3.5 Rough Layout Discretization Model – Solution Approach 94 3.6 Cycle Time Estimation Module – Solution Approach 97 3.7 Collaborative Speed Estimation Module – Solution Approach 103 3.7.1 General Approach 103 3.7.2 Case 1: Quasi-static Contact with Hand 107 3.7.3 Case 2: Transient Contact with Hand 109 3.7.4 Case 3: Transient Contact with Shoulder 111 3.8 Synthesis – Solution Approach 114 4. Module Development 117 4.1 Economic Module – Module Development 117 4.1.1 General Approach 117 4.1.2 Calculation Scheme for Manual Operation 117 4.1.3 Calculation Scheme for Collaborative Robots 118 4.1.4 Calculation Scheme for Industrial Robots 120 4.2 Gripper Feasibility Module – Module Development 121 4.3 Rough Layout Discretization Module – Module Development 122 4.3.1 General Approach 122 4.3.2 Two-Dimensional Layout Pattern 123 4.3.3 Three-Dimensional Layout Pattern 125 4.4 Cycle Time Estimation Module – Module Development 126 4.4.1 General Approach 126 4.4.2 Reachability Study 127 4.4.3 Simulation Results 128 4.5 Collaborative Speed Estimation Module – Module Development 135 4.5.1 General Approach 135 4.5.2 Case 1: Quasi-static Contact with Hand 135 4.5.3 Case 2: Transient Contact with Hand 143 4.5.4 Case 3: Transient Contact with Shoulder 145 4.6 Synthesis – Module Development 149 5. Practical Verification 155 5.1 Use Case Overview 155 5.2 Gripper Feasibility 155 5.3 Layout Discretization 156 5.4 Collaborative Speed Estimation 157 5.5 Cycle Time Estimation 158 5.6 Economic Evaluation 160 5.7 Synthesis – Practical Verification 161 6. Results and Conclusions 165 6.1 Scientific Findings and Results 165 6.2 Critical Appraisal and Outlook 173

The testing of software for robot controllers has become increasingly difficult as robotic systems become more complex. As the complexity of the systems increases, the number of hardware systems that the robot relies on also grows. This poses a challenge in testing robot controllers, which is crucial to ensure that robots function safely and effectively in their intended applications. While simulation can be used as a platform for software testing, it is not feasible to simulate everything in a virtual environment, especially when test cases require physical connections to hardware for input and output signals sent to robot controllers. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to replicate I/O device network communication in order to enhance virtual testing processes. The approach employed involves capturing real-time network traffic, modifying and rebuilding it, and subsequently replaying it. The work examines existing academic research on these approaches and technologies, and investigates the specific challenges in the testing process by conducting research within a company leading globally in industrial robot development. A conceptual model is proposed, and a prototype is developed. The solution demonstrates potential in addressing the current challenges in robot controller testing by enabling network capture, modification, and level 4 network traffic replay. However, experimental results reveal various limitations, such as significant delays in generating responses. Therefore, further research and development are required if the solution is to be implemented in a real-world setting.

Purpose: The thesis investigates the automation of screwing operation on moving assembly line, that can be integrated with the current workflow using automation technology and collaborative robots. The study focuses on reducing the number of manual tasks in screwing operation while considering the ergonomics and safety factor of the operator.    Method: The study uses mixed methods research approach, such as interviews and observation, along with literature review on the desired topics. The study focus on details of the company and their production layout. Practical challenges are derived from the combination of data, providing a guidance on developing an automated solution.    Findings: The research questions were answered, using the data derived from the interviews. The empirical data was compared with the theoretical data to enhance the validity. The resulted data identified to develop a new concept to satisfy all the technical functions.    Implications: The research finds out that a collaboration with an industrial robot, can help the operators to perform desired task. The robot needs to be supported with other aspects such as motion of robot, monitor system and safety. The research identified a conceptual design to overcome these challenges, and to change the production layout to accommodate them is recommended.    Delimitations: The study is focused on the screwing technology on a moving assembly line, and a concept is developed to overcome the challenges. There is no prototype constructed, the proposed idea is designed in robot studio to showcase the idea.    Keyword: Moving assembly line, Human-robot collaboration, Screwing technology, Automated screwing technology, industrial robots, Automobile manufacturing

Interoperability development between Autonomous Mobile Mobots, Auto- mated Guided Vehicles and their fleet managers provided by different brands became a highly important topic in the factory and warehouse management industry. The compatibility between the providers would provide endless opportunities for the customers to build scalable, flexible, and dynamic systems. The thesis develops a program synthesis method that is capable of making conversions between data structures. The results provide the programmers with a tool that can be used to create function compositions by providing input-output pairs and can save a significant amount of time. The study solves the search problem using Context-free grammar and a beam search guided by a neural network. The work compares the performance of three different artificial intelligence structures recurrent neural networks, long short-term memory networks, and gated recurrent unit networks, and validates the solution on a test set that consists of lines from data structures that are used in the Autonomous Mobile Robot industry combined with some generated data to measure performance in regards of the generalization power. / Interoperabilitetsutveckling mellan Autonoma Mobila Robotar, Automatiserade Guidade Fordon och deras flottförvaltare från olika varumärken har blivit ett mycket viktigt ämne inom fabriks- och lagerhanteringsbranschen. Kompatibiliteten mellan leverantörerna skulle ge oändliga möjligheter för kunderna att bygga skalbara, flexibla och dynamiska system. Avhandlingen utvecklar en programssyntesmetod som kan göra omvandlingar mellan datastrukturer. Resultaten ger programmerare ett verktyg som kan användas för att skapa funktionskompositioner genom att tillhandahålla in- och utdata- par och kan spara betydande tid. Studien löser sökproblemet med hjälp av kontextfri grammatik och en strålsökning som styrs av ett neuralt nätverk. Arbetet jämför prestandan hos tre olika konstgjorda intelligensstrukturer: ”recurrent neural networks", ”long short-term memory networks", och ”gated recurrent unit networks", och validerar lösningen på en testuppsättning som består av rader från datastrukturer som används inom den autonoma mobila robotindustrin kombinerat med några genererade data för att mäta prestanda med avseende på generaliseringskraften.

Les robots industriels ont évolué fondamentalement ces dernières années pour répondre aux exigences industrielles de machines et mécanismes toujours plus performants. Ceci se traduit aujourd’hui par de nouveaux robots anthropomorphes plus adaptés laissant entrevoir la réalisation de tâches plus complexes comme la découpe d’objets déformables telle que la découpe de viande ou soumis à de fortes sollicitations comme l’usinage. L’étude du comportement des robots anthropomorphes, à structures parallèles ou hybrides montre une anisotropie aussi bien cinématique, que dynamique, impactant la précision attendue. Ces travaux de thèse étudient l’intégration des redondances cinématiques qui permettent de pallier en partie ce problème en positionnant au mieux la tâche à réaliser dans un espace de travail compatible avec les capacités attendues. Ces travaux ont suivi une démarche en trois étapes : la modélisation analytique de cellules robotiques par équivalent sériel basée sur la méthode TCS, la formalisation des contraintes des processus de découpe de viande et d’usinage et une résolution par optimisation multicritère. Une première originalité de ces travaux réside en le développement d’un modèle à 6 degrés de liberté permettant d’analyser les gestes de l’opérateur qui optimise naturellement le comportement de son bras pour garantir la tâche qu’il réalise. La seconde originalité concerne le placement optimisé des redondances structurales (cellules à 9 ddls) où les paramètres de positionnement sont incorporés comme des variables pilotables (cellule à 11 ddls). Ainsi, ces travaux de thèse apportent des contributions à : - la définition de critères adaptés à la réalisation de tâches complexes et sollicitantes pour la gestion des redondances cinématiques ; - l’identification du comportement des structures sous sollicitations par moyen métrologique (Laser tracker) et l’auto-adaptation des trajectoires par l’utilisation d’une commande en effort industrielle ; - l’optimisation du comportement permettant l’amélioration de la qualité de réalisation des différents processus de coupe (découpe de viande et usinage). / Industrial robots have evolved fundamentally in recent years to reach the industrial requirements. We now find more suitable anthropomorphic robots leading to the realization of more complex tasks like deformable objects cutting such as meat cutting or constrained to high stresses as machining. The behavior study of anthropomorphic robots, parallel or hybrid one highlights a kinematic and dynamic anisotropy, which impacts the expected accuracy. This thesis studied the integration of the kinematic redundancy that can partially overcome this problem by well setting the task to achieve it in a space compatible with the expected capacity. This work followed a three-step approach: analytical modeling of robotic cells by serial equivalent based on the TCS method, formalizing the constraints of meat cutting process and machining process and a multicriteria optimization.The first originality of this work focuses on the development of a 6 DoFs model to analyze the operator actions who naturally optimizes his arm behavior to ensure the task it performs. The second originality concerns the optimized placement of structural redundancy (9 DoFs robotic cell) where positioning parameters are incorporated as controllable variables (11 DoFs robotic cell). Thus, the thesis makes contributions to : - the definition of criteria adapted to the realization of complex and under high stress task for the management of the kinematic redundancy; - the structural behavior identification, under stress, by metrology tools (Laser tracker ) and the self- adaptation paths by using an industrial force control; - the behavior optimization to improve the cutting process quality (meat cutting and machining).