Die Tagfalter-Arten Dunkler und Heller Wiesenknopf-Ameisenbläuling sind zwei typische Bewohner frischer bis feuchter Wiesen und Säume, auf denen der Große Wiesenknopf auftritt. Er ist Futterpflanze für die Raupen. Früher war vor allem der Dunkle Wiesenknopf-Ameisenbläuling noch recht häufig, heute sind beide Arten selten geworden. Die Broschüre macht auf die Gefährdungsursachen dieser beiden Tagfalter-Arten aufmerksam. Sie enthält zahlreiche Hinweise, wie Eigentümer oder Nutzer von Grundstücken zur Erhaltung naturnaher Offenflächen und damit auch zum Schutz dieser beiden Tagfalter und vieler anderer Tier- und Pflanzenarten beitragen können. Redaktionsschluss: 22.01.2018

Die Schriftenreihe informiert über die Neuetablierung einer Zuchtwertschätzung für das Sächsisch-Thüringische Schwere Warmblut. Sie beschreibt das methodische Vorgehen zur Entwicklung und die genutzte Datengrundlage. Es werden Ergebnisse aus der Entwicklungsphase und dem ersten Schätzlauf vorgestellt. Zu den gezeigten Ergebnissen gehören genetische Korrelationen, Erblichkeiten, Zuchtwerte und Sicherheiten sowie genetische Trends. Die Schriftenreihe richtet sich an ambitionierte Pferdezüchter, Forschende und Lehrende. Redaktionsschluss: 21.04.2023

Mechanical overburdening is a major risk factor that provokes non-infectious claw diseases. Moreover, lameness-causing lesions often remain undetected and untreated. Therefore, prevention of claw tissue overburdening is of interest, especially by analyzing harmful effects within dairy cows’ housing environment. However, objective “on-cow” methods for bovine gait analysis are underdevel- oped. The purpose of the study was to apply an innovative mobile pressure sensor system attached at the claws to perform pedobarometric gait analysis. A further goal was the supplementation with accelerative data, generated simultaneously by use of two inertial measurement units (IMUs), attached at metatarsal level. IMU data were analyzed with an automatic step detection algorithm. Gait analysis was performed in ten dairy cows, walking and trotting on concrete flooring and rubber mats. In addition to the basic applicability of the sensor systems and with the aid of the automatic step detection algorithm for gait analysis in cows, we were able to determine the impact of the gait and flooring type on kinematic and kinetic parameters. For pressure sensor output, concrete was associated with significantly (p < 0.001) higher maximum and average pressure values and a significantly smaller contact area, compared to rubber mats. In contrast to walking, trotting led to a significantly higher force, especially under the medial claw. Further, IMU-derived parameters were significantly influenced by the gait. The described sensor systems are useful tools for detailed gait analysis in dairy cows. They allow the investigation of actors which may affect claw health negatively.

TierentdeckerIm Wildgehege Moritzburg ist es möglich Tiere zu beobachten,die unseren Blicken sonst verborgen bleiben. Sie leben in denheimischen Wäldern, auf Wiesen und Feldern oder an Gewäs-sern. Wenn Du dieses Heft aufmerksam liest, wirst Du vieleinteressante Dinge über den Rothirsch, den Damhirsch, dasReh, das Wildschwein und den Rotfuchs erfahren.

In recent years mammary cancer has been increasingly recognized in pet rabbits. In addition to uterine carcinomas—the most common tumor of female rabbits—mammary cancer can also markedly reduce the life expectancy of pet rabbits. The aim of this review is to raise awareness for these tumors and to report recent progress in related research. Their detailed characterization will likely improve medical care for affected rabbits. Moreover, study results will contribute to comparative pathology and may reveal if the rabbit is a suitable model for certain types of breast cancer in humans. Available information suggests that most invasive cancer cases develop through stepwise progression from non-invasive forms. Thus, early recognition will likely improve a complete cancer cure. So far, the only treatment option is surgical excision and prognostic factors are unknown. Recent investigations have identified tumor features with likely prognostic value. They have also revealed differences and similarities to mammary tumors in other species and breast cancer in women. Despite these initial data, continued research is necessary to gain more insights into the development of these tumors and their molecular features.

We hypothesized that, due to the high pH of this compartment, the reticulum epithelium displays particular features in the transport of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Ovine reticulum epithelium was incubated in Ussing chambers using a bicarbonate-free buffer solution containing butyrate (20 mmol L−1). p-hydroxymercuribenzoic acid (pHMB), 5-(N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA), or ouabain were added to the buffer solution as inhibitors of monocarboxylate transporters, sodium-proton-exchangers, or the Na+/K+-ATPase, respectively. The short-circuit current (Isc) and transepithelial conductance (Gt) were monitored continuously while the flux rates of 14C-labelled butyrate were measured in the mucosal-to-serosal (Jmsbut) or serosal-to-mucosal direction (Jsmbut). Under control conditions, the mean values of Isc and Gt amounted to 2.54 ± 0.46 µEq cm−2 h−1 and 6.02 ± 3.3 mS cm−2, respectively. Jmsbut was 2.1 ± 1.01 µmol cm−2 h−1 on average and about twice as high as Jsmbut. Incubation with ouabain reduced Jmsbut, while Jsmbut was not affected. The serosal addition of EIPA did not affect Jmsbut but reduced Jsmbut by about 10%. The addition of pHMB to the mucosal or serosal solution reduced Jmsbut but had no effect on Jsmbut. Mucosally applied pHMB provoked a transient increase in the Isc. The serosal pHMB sharply reduced Isc. Our results demonstrate that butyrate can be effectively transported across the reticulum epithelium. The mechanisms involved in this absorption differ from those known from the rumen epithelium.

Ischemic retinopathies (IR) are vision-threatening diseases that affect a substantial amount of people across all age groups worldwide. The current treatment options of photocoagulation and anti-VEGF therapy have side effects and are occasionally unable to prevent disease progression. It is therefore worthwhile to consider other molecular targets for the development of novel treatment strategies that could be safer and more efficient. During the manifestation of IR, the retina, normally an immune privileged tissue, encounters enhanced levels of cellular stress and inflammation that attract mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) from the blood stream and activate resident MPs (microglia). Activated MPs have a multitude of effects within the retinal tissue and have the potential to both counter and exacerbate the harmful tissue microenvironment. The present review discusses the current knowledge about the role of inflammation and activated retinal MPs in the major IRs: retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy. We focus particularly on MPs and their secreted factors and cell–cell-based interactions between MPs and endothelial cells. We conclude that activated MPs play a major role in the manifestation and progression of IRs and could therefore become a promising new target for novel pharmacological intervention strategies in these diseases.

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Die schillernden Rosenkäfer gehören zu den schönsten heimischen Käferarten. Einige Arten leben in unserer unmittelbaren Nachbarschaft und sind regelmäßig in naturnahen Parks und Gärten zu finden. Die reich bebilderte Broschüre informiert über Lebensweise und Gefährdung der verschiedenen Rosenkäferarten. Sie enthält zahlreiche Hinweise, wie Wald- und Gartenbesitzer zum Schutz dieser „Smaragde in der heimischen Natur“ sowie insgesamt zur Förderung der Artenvielfalt beitragen können. Ein Bestimmungsschlüssel im Anhang ermöglicht die Unterscheidung der Käfer und ihrer Larven und soll all denen als Hilfestellung dienen, die sich um den Schutz der Lebensstätten der Rosenkäfer bemühen. Redaktionsschluss: 23.12.2023

Der Flyer zeigt, wie für Wölfe und auch Luchse das Einspringen in umzäunte Weiden verhindert oder erschwert werden kann. Mit anschaulichen Diagrammen wird Tierhaltern eine praktische Anleitung an die Hand gegeben. Redaktionsschluss: 09.09.2023