Much discourse on the issue of development communication has focused on participation and its role in improving the lives of developing communities. This line of thought emanates from the theories of Paulo Freire and Martin Buber. Freirean dialogue, which emphasises dialogue and conscientisation emanated from Martin Buber's l-Thou and l-lt relationships and are relevant in this study because these concepts are pivotal in the endeavour to develop grassroots communities. For purposes of this study participatory communication is associated with dialogue, self-reliance, empowerment, the communities' socio-cultural context and strategic communication. In an effort to improve service delivery in the public sector, the South African government resolved to provide communities across South Africa with both information and services through the establishment of Thusong Service Centres. The Thusong concept refers to 'a place to get help or assistance' in Sesotho, and has been the focus of government in carrying out its mandate in respect of development communication in South Africa. This study adopted a qualitative research approach to gather data, to determine how the communication of Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane compare with the normative principles of participatory development communication. This study used purposive sampling and focused on the six Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane. The empirical study comprised document analyses of government policies, semi-structured interviews with senior Government Communication and Information Services (GCIS) personnel and personal observations at the six Thusong Service Centres. An analysis of the communication of Thusong Service Centres with Tshwane communities show that there is inadequate alignment with the theoretical underpinnings of participatory development communication. Against the backdrop of Chin Saik Yoon's four ways of observing participation in development projects, namely, participation in implementation, evaluation, benefit and decision-making, the study indicates that Tshwane communities do not partake in participation in evaluation and participation in decision-making. Furthermore, using Freirean dialogue as a benchmark, it was concluded that Thusong Service Centres do not fully meet the required principles of dialogue. Although the abovementioned results indicate that development communication practised by GCIS at Thusong Service Centres is in the main linear in nature, the study makes practical recommendations on how the normative principles of participatory development communication may be implemented at these centres in order to fast track the development process. / Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Much discourse on the issue of development communication has focused on participation and its role in improving the lives of developing communities. This line of thought emanates from the theories of Paulo Freire and Martin Buber. Freirean dialogue, which emphasises dialogue and conscientisation emanated from Martin Buber's l-Thou and l-lt relationships and are relevant in this study because these concepts are pivotal in the endeavour to develop grassroots communities. For purposes of this study participatory communication is associated with dialogue, self-reliance, empowerment, the communities' socio-cultural context and strategic communication. In an effort to improve service delivery in the public sector, the South African government resolved to provide communities across South Africa with both information and services through the establishment of Thusong Service Centres. The Thusong concept refers to 'a place to get help or assistance' in Sesotho, and has been the focus of government in carrying out its mandate in respect of development communication in South Africa. This study adopted a qualitative research approach to gather data, to determine how the communication of Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane compare with the normative principles of participatory development communication. This study used purposive sampling and focused on the six Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane. The empirical study comprised document analyses of government policies, semi-structured interviews with senior Government Communication and Information Services (GCIS) personnel and personal observations at the six Thusong Service Centres. An analysis of the communication of Thusong Service Centres with Tshwane communities show that there is inadequate alignment with the theoretical underpinnings of participatory development communication. Against the backdrop of Chin Saik Yoon's four ways of observing participation in development projects, namely, participation in implementation, evaluation, benefit and decision-making, the study indicates that Tshwane communities do not partake in participation in evaluation and participation in decision-making. Furthermore, using Freirean dialogue as a benchmark, it was concluded that Thusong Service Centres do not fully meet the required principles of dialogue. Although the abovementioned results indicate that development communication practised by GCIS at Thusong Service Centres is in the main linear in nature, the study makes practical recommendations on how the normative principles of participatory development communication may be implemented at these centres in order to fast track the development process. / Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Background - Swedish trade and industry primarily involves small corporations, including small manufacturing corporations. Currently, most costing models that are used are based on studies accomplished at large corporations. This conveys to the fact that product costing that occurs at small manufacturing corporations is based on all complexities that large corporations bring, which rarely match with small corporations. It occurs that small manufacturing corporations unconsciously rely on incorrect information that has been calculated based on great corporations’ product costing. Product costing is an important part in finance control and is used in order to determine costs that are allocated to the products of the corporation. Purpose - This study investigates how product costing can be adjusted to small manufacturing corporations and how this adjustment can help these corporations to achieve increased cost awareness, which is also the aim of this study. Methodology - In order to achieve the aim a case study has taken place at Diac Metal AB. The approach to this has been abductive. Main focus has been on the varnish process at Diac and its product costing. Findings - By identifying material and information flow a profound understanding of the process activities and its potential cost driver has been achieved. The identification of material and information flow combined with the costing model that has been created on the basis of the facts; competition situation, need for information and experience have made it possible to answer the aim of this study. Conclusion - The conclusion is that visualization of material and information flow enables identification of potential cost drivers that are used when establishing an utter cost allocation. An utter cost allocation is the reason to the fact that increased cost awareness can be achieved, which is a crucial fact in order to achieve growth and profitability.

Stora Enso is today one of the four largest companies in the swedish forest industry. The company's business is spread all over the world, but it’s headquarters are located in Sweden and Finland. Stora Enso Skog is part of the company's global organization for wood supply to Swedish sawmills, paper mills and pulp mills. As all companies, regardless of industry, are part of a supply chain, an impact on and by other performers in the chain occurs. It is this influence that determines the prerequisites and starting points for effective processes and flows. The supply chain between forests and industry, on the other hand, is complex as tree as a raw material source are generally difficult to specify. The purpose of this case study is, therefore, to map the supply chain of the pinetree-timber at the “Dalälven” area from forest harvesting to measurement and sorted stock at the sawmill. Based on this objective, a delimitation has been made in such a way that the case study is performed only after pinetree-timber as a product. By dividing this pinetree-timber process into three parts; the harvesting process, the transport process and the measurement process an observation and semi-structured interviews was made with closely related staff as well as the transport partner Westan Logistik. The answers from interviews constituted an empirical comparison that was then compared to reviewed secondary data in the form of different literary theories. The results are visualized through a process flowchart, a information flowchart, a value-flow analysis, and a leadtime analysis, which have shown, among other things, that the value-creating activities (V) are less compared to non-value-creating activities (I) and the necessary non-value creation activities (N) in the pine-tree timber process. Even the leadtime proportion is greatest in the non-value-creating activities. The results provided the basis for an analysis and, last but not least, conclusions could be drawn. Because the raw material is complex, and the pinetree-timber process contains many performers, it can be a challenge to get a smooth and efficient flow through the supply chain. Interviews and theories have shown that the physical as well as the informative flow has difficulties which, for instance, slow down the process more than necessary. It is therefore interesting to see through a mapping how these can be improved and have a higher level of efficiency.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur informationsflödet på en prefabriceringsfabrik fungerar, från konstruktion till produktion. Mer konkret inriktar den sig till att identifiera effektiva och ineffektiva steg i flödet samt förbättringsmöjligheter för att kunna optimera personalens dagliga arbete. Eftersom ingen tidigare kunskap kring var problemen inom informationsflödet på fallföretaget fanns, kunde inte någon teoretiskt koppling formuleras innan fallstudien var genomförd. Fallstudien utgjordes av metoderna observation och intervju där kvalitativ data insamlades. Observationen genomfördes för att kartlägga processen av informationsflödet på fallföretaget. Intervjuerna genomfördes för att få de anställdas åsikter och hitta vart problemen låg. Efter fallstudien kunde teoriområdena klargöras och en litteraturstudie utfördes. De problemområden som framgick utifrån undersökningen grundar sig främst i tidsbrist. Detta bland annat på grund av tidskrävande aktiviteter som manuell hantering vid uppförandet av tillverkningsritningar och revideringar i fallföretagets planeringar. Förbättringsförslaget författarna presenterar är därmed en uppgradering av ritprogram samt implementering av ett planeringssystem. Tidsbristen ansågs även leda till brister inom kommunikationen. Författarna anser att det, av olika skäl, är viktigt att behålla den personliga kontakten och komplettera denna med system. Studien ämnar sig till att bidra med kunskap kring hur ett informationsflöde på en prefabriceringsfabrik kan vara utformat. Den stärker teorier kring varför det är viktigt att behålla den fysiska kommunikationen när uppdaterade system implementeras. Den har vidare bidragit med förslag kring vilka delar som kan effektiviseras inom ett informationsflöde där prefabelement tillverkas. Arbetet begränsades till att enbart genomföras på en prefabriceringsfabrik och kollar bara på flödet mellan konstruktion till produktion. Inga ekonomiska aspekter har beaktats och endast ett företag har deltagit i undersökningen. / The study aimed to investigate how the information flow at an off-site fabrication is working, from design-stage to production. More specifically, it focus on identifying effective and ineffective parts in the information flow, along with improvement opportunities to optimize the personnel’s daily work. Since the authors had no knowledge about where the problems in the information flow at the company was, they were not able to create a theoretical framework before the case study was made. The case study involved observation and interviews. The observation was made to identify the process and information flow at the company. The interviews were made to get the knowledge about the personnel’s opinion and to locate where the problems in the information flow occurred. With the case study as a base the theoretical framework could be made with a literature study. The problem areas that emerged from the case study are all mainly based from the lack of time. This is partly due to the time-consuming activities such as manual handling in the making of production technical drawing and revision of planning documents. The improvement proposal the authors present is to upgrade the computer-aided design software and to implement a planning system. The authors also consider the lack of time as a reason for shortcomings in the communication. The improvement proposal the authors present for this is to keep the personal contact and to supplement it with a system. The study intends to contribute with knowledge about how an information flow at an off-site fabrication may look like. It reinforces theories about why it is important to keep the personal communication when a system upgrade are implemented. The study has also contributed in proposals in which parts of the information flow that have potential to become more effective at an off-site fabrication. The study was limited to an off-site fabrication and only the information flow between design-stage and production was included in the study. No economic aspects were considered and only one company has participated in the study.

Analyse of logistic system and its optimalization of selected subject in light of material and information flow with concentration for logistic services and possibility of its optimalization.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-08-01T13:40:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Remo Lima Cunha.pdf: 2042826 bytes, checksum: 6fc46595dd3c036c653673b1e6462e8b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-08-01T13:40:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Remo Lima Cunha.pdf: 2042826 bytes, checksum: 6fc46595dd3c036c653673b1e6462e8b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-08-01T13:41:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Remo Lima Cunha.pdf: 2042826 bytes, checksum: 6fc46595dd3c036c653673b1e6462e8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T13:41:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Remo Lima Cunha.pdf: 2042826 bytes, checksum: 6fc46595dd3c036c653673b1e6462e8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-24 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Social network analysis has grown every day, which finds application in almost every field of knowledge and particularly in information science. It is seen that the organizations survival status rely heavily on their ability to add value for stakeholders. The companies management methods proposed to determine objectives, information management, planning, and execution of strategies. This study aimed to analyze the structure of the flow of information in the operational management of water transport Manaus load using the analysis approach of social networks through Soft UCINET 6.4. The method that this research used to answer the research questions was the survey or evaluation research and had quantitative character and exploratory. The results were achieved, the network is designed and calculated its structural measures - indicators showing the dynamic flow of information in relational process between its actors. / A análise de redes sociais tem crescido a cada dia, onde encontra aplicação em quase todas as áreas do conhecimento e particularmente na ciência da informação. É perceptível que as organizações no estado de sobrevivência dependem muito de sua capacidade de agregar valor para as partes interessadas. Os métodos de administração das empresas propõe a determinação de objetivos, gerenciamento da informação, planejamento, e execução das estratégias. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a estrutura do fluxo de informações na gestão operacional do transporte aquaviário de carga de Manaus usando a abordagem de Análise de Redes Sociais por meio do Soft UCINET 6.5. O método que esta pesquisa utilizou para responder as perguntas de pesquisas foi a Survey ou Pesquisa de Avaliação e teve caráter quantitativo e tipo exploratório. Os resultados foram alcançados, a rede foi desenhada e calculada suas medidas estruturais - indicadores, mostrando a dinâmica do fluxo de informações no processo relacional entre seus atores.

Esta pesquisa propõe a análise da censura prévia exercida pelo Estado sobre o teatro, a partir dos documentos existentes nos prontuários que compõem o Arquivo Miroel Silveira, sob o prisma do gerenciamento de informações. Verificamos que o exercício do gerenciamento de informações costuma ser apresentado como atividade planejada, técnica, racional e neutra, exercida para a melhoria de processos. Já a censura é exercida por meio de processos burocráticos para a proteção do bem comum. Apesar dos objetivos diferentes, resultam na utilização de um mesmo recurso, que é a interferência no fluxo de informações ? relacionadas à produção material, no âmbito das empresas e relacionadas à produção artística, quando se trata da censura prévia. A partir daí, propusemos um estudo da censura prévia como um tipo de gerenciamento de informações. Para isso, analisamos o processo burocrático da censura prévia ao teatro. Nossa pesquisa mostrou que o gerenciamento de informações realizado através da censura permite que o Estado se aproprie de informações sobre a produção teatral e das pessoas a ela relacionadas, puna aqueles que expressam idéias divergentes e coíba a resistência à ação da censura. Por meio de nosso estudo, concluímos que o gerenciamento de informações e a censura, de fato, não são exercidos para o bem comum, mas para atender aos interesses daqueles que têm o poder para planejá-los e colocá-los em prática. / This research proposes the analysis of the censorship the government imposed over the theater prior to any production or exhibition. The research will utilize the documents and files from the ?Arquivo Miroel Silveira? (Miroel Silveira Archives), and analyze them from the perspective of the information management. We verified that the information management is a planned, technical, rational and neutral activity used to improve procedures. Censorship uses bureaucratic processes to protect society. Even though with different objectives, both activities utilize the same method, which is the interference in the information flow. The information flow can be related to the production of services or goods, in the case of the companies, and in the case of prior censorship, the artistic production. This research proposes the study of prior censorship as a kind of information management. In order to achieve our objectives, we studied the bureaucratic process of the prior censorship to the theater. Our research showed that the information management utilized by the censorship allows the government to obtain information about the artistic productions and the people involved with them, and punish those who express ideas that are contrary to the government?s ideas. The information also allows the government to prevent any resistance to the actions of censorship. Our study concludes that the information management and prior censorship, in fact, are not used for the benefit of the society, but to achieve the interests of those with the power to plan and exercise them.

Nous cherchons à améliorer l'état de l'art des implémentations de contrôle de flux d'information dans les systèmes Linux. Le contrôle de flux d'information vise à surveiller la façon dont l'information se dissémine dans le système une fois hors de son conteneur d'origine, contrairement au contrôle d'accès qui ne peut permettre d'appliquer des règles que sur la manière dont les conteneurs sont accédés. Plusieurs défis scientifiques et techniques se sont présentés. Premièrement, la base de code Linux est particulièrement grande, avec quinze millions de lignes de code réparties dans trente-mille fichiers. La première contribution de cette thèse a été un plugin pour le compilateur GCC permettant d'extraire et visualiser aisément les graphes de flot de contrôle des fonctions du noyau. Ensuite, le framework des Linux Security Modules qui est utilisé pour implémenter les moniteurs de flux d'information que nous avons étudiés (Laminar [1], KBlare [2] et Weir [3]) a été conçu en premier lieu pour le contrôle d'accès, et non de flux. La question se pose donc de savoir si le framework est implémenté de telle sorte à permettre la capture de tous les flux produits par les appels système. Nous avons créé et implémenté une analyse statique permettant de répondre à ce problème. Cette analyse statique est implémenté en tant que plugin GCC et nous a permis d'améliorer le framework LSM pour capturer tous les flux. Enfin, nous avons constaté que les moniteurs de flux actuels n'étaient pas résistants aux conditions de concurrence entre les flux et ne pouvaient pas traiter certains canaux ouverts tels que les projections de fichiers en mémoire et les segments de mémoire partagée entre processus. Nous avons implémenté Rfblare, un nouvel algorithme de suivi de flux, pour KBlare, dont nous avons prouvé la correction avec Coq. Nous avons ainsi montré que LSM pouvait être utilisé avec succès pour implémenter le contrôle de flux d'information, et que seules les méthodes formelles, permettant la mise en œuvre de méthodologie, d'analyses ou d'outils réutilisables, permettaient de s'attaquer à la complexité et aux rapides évolutions du noyau Linux. / We look forward to improving the implementations of information flow control mechanisms in Linux Operating Systems. Information Flow Control aims at monitoring how information disseminates in a system once it is out of its original container, unlike access control which can merely apply rule on how the containers are accessed. We met several scientific and technical challenges. First of all, the Linux codebase is big, over fifteen millions lines of code spread over thirty three thousand files. The first contribution of this thesis is a plugin for the GCC compiler able to extract and let a user easily visualize the control flow graphs of the Linux kernel functions. Secondly, the Linux Security Modules framework which is used to implement the information flow trackers we have reviewed (Laminar, KBlare, and Weir) was designed in the first place to implement access control, rather than information flow control. One issue is thus left open: is the framework implemented in such a way that all flows generated by system calls can be captured? We have created and implemented static analysis to address this problem and proved its correction with the Coq proof assistant system. This analysis is implemented as a GCC plugin and have allowed us to improve the LSM framework in order to capture all flows. Finally, we have noted that current information flow trackers are vulnerable to race conditions between flows and are unable to cover some overt channels of information such as files mapping to memory and shared memory segments between processes. We have implemented Rfblare, a new algorithm of flow tracking, for KBlare. The correction of this algorithm has been proved with Coq. We have showed that LSM can be used successfully to implement information flow control, and that only formal methods, leading to reusable methodology, analysis, tools, etc., are a match for the complexity and the fast-paced evolution of the Linux kernel.

Over the last years, security-kernels have played a promising role in reshaping the landscape of platform security on embedded devices. Security-kernels, such as separation kernels, enable constructing high-assurance mixed-criticality execution platforms on a small TCB, which enforces isolation between components. The reduced TCB  minimizes the system attack surface and facilitates the use of formal methods to ensure the kernel functional correctness and security. In this thesis, we explore various aspects of building a provably secure separation kernel using virtualization technology. We show how the memory management subsystem can be virtualized to enforce isolation of system components. Virtualization is done using direct-paging that enables a guest software to manage its own memory configuration. We demonstrate the soundness of our approach by verifying that the high-level model of the system fulfills the desired security properties. Through refinement, we then propagate these properties (semi-)automatically to the machine-code of the virtualization mechanism. Further, we show how a runtime monitor can be securely deployed alongside a Linux guest on a hypervisor to prevent code injection attacks targeting Linux. The monitor takes advantage of the provided separation to protect itself and to retain a complete view of the guest. Separating components using a low-level software cannot by itself guarantee the system security. Indeed, current processors architecture involves features that can be utilized to violate the isolation of components. We present a new low-noise attack vector constructed by measuring caches effects which is capable of breaching isolation of components and invalidates the verification of a software that has been verified on a memory coherent model. To restore isolation, we provide several countermeasures and propose a methodology to repair the verification by including data-caches in the statement of the top-level security properties of the system. / <p>QC 20170831</p> / PROSPER / HASPOC