Considerando os fatores pessoais ou psicológicos para as políticas de saúde e as ações preventivas e reivindicatórias, investiga a presença dessas concepções nas práticas discursivas de trabalhadores industriais sobre acidentes de trabalho, procurando identificar os repertórios interpretativos e seus aspectos retóricos e argumentativos, por meio de análise de discurso. Realiza levantamento das teorias explicativas construídas no campo da acidentologia e da psicologia, investigando brevemente sua difusão no Brasil. Faz estudo de caso em uma empresa metalúrgica, com base em observações informais, levantamento de documentos e entrevistas confrontativas com 20 operários. Constata a presença marcante na compreensão dos acidentes da Teoria dos Dominós de Heinrich e a predominância das explicações baseadas nos atos inseguros, sustentados pela naturalização dos riscos e por práticas institucionalizadas de difusão. Aponta contradições entre os diferentes repertórios interpretativos e a presença de eventos desnaturalizadores que produzem rupturas semânticas e manifestações de resistência. A pesquisa revelou aspectos polissêmicos e repertórios de práticas discursivas que atribuem significados aos acidentes de trabalho. Revela também a influência de idéias científicas e das práticas institucionais sobre os modos de compreensão desses fenômenos, o que aponta para a necessidade de construção de um discurso contra-hegemônico de contestação das idéias que responsabilizam os trabalhadores pelos acidentes de trabalho / Work accidents are the outcome of the ways societies produce the conditions of their existence, and, at the same time, become social objects through theoretical-practical constructions. In this second process, conceptions based on personal or psychological factors that picture workers as responsible for accidents have been verified. Considering consequences for health policy, preventive and vindication actions, these conceptions in industrial workers discursive practices were investigated in an attempt to identify interpretative repertoires and their rhetoric and argumentative features. Explanatory theories constructed in the field of accidentology and psychology were surveyed and appreciated and their diffusion in Brazil was briefly investigated. Simultaneously, a case study in a metallurgic company was conducted, based on observations, informal conversations, surveys of documents and interviews with twenty workers. A pervasive presence of the Heinrichs Dominoes Theory was verified in the shared patterns of understanding and the predominance of accounts based on unsafe acts, sustained by naturalization of risks and institutionalized practices of diffusion. Nevertheless, the discursive construction of accidents occurs in a dillematic way, contradictions among the different repertoires and the presence of denaturalizer events both of which product semantic ruptures and manifestations of resistance were found out. Thus, the research reviewed polyssemic and rhetoric features of the discursive practices which make sense of work accidents. It also reviewed the influence of scientific thinking and institutional practices on the accident understanding which points out the need of construction of counter-hegemonic discourse for the contestation of ideas that blame workers for work accidents

Apresenta uma intervenção institucional em empresa e, a partir dela, discute as questões suscitadas pela pratica psicossocial no interior das organizações. Utiliza como método uma combinação das táticas dos grupos operativos de pichon-riviere, com o referencial critico de análise institucional de r.Lourau e g.Lapassade. A intervenção consiste em sessões de grupo e posterior re-análise que conduz a discussão dos múltiplos entraves e contradições que atravessam a pratica do psicólogo social e levam, não raro, ao incremento das estruturas coercitivas e totalitárias das instituições. Conclui pela necessidade de uma permanente critica das praticas psicossociais, de modo a promover uma práxis renovada e transformadora do real e de si mesmo / Not informed

Esta pesquisa analisa o estatuto da letra nos noves primeiros seminários de Jacques Lacan. Parte-se de uma questão sobre a gênese do conceito na obra, ao se analisar o texto Linstance de la lettre dans linconscient ou la raison depuis Freud e aparições de ideias relativas a leitura e escrita do inconsciente nos quatro primeiros seminários. A noção de transliteração é tomada aqui como uma operação simbólica da letra. Num segundo momento, a análise se voltará a problemática do traço unário no seminário IX e uma possível separação da leitura e escrita, quando o psicanalista fala de uma gênese do escrito a partir da leitura do rastro (trace) e da escrita do significante ao tratar do traço (trait) unário / This research analyzes the statute of the letter in the first nine seminars of Jacques Lacan. It begins with a question about the genesis of the concept in the work, when analyzing the text L\'instance de la lettre dans l\'inconscient or la raison depuis Freud and apparitions of ideas regarding reading and writing of the unconscious in the first four seminars. The notion of transliteration is taken here as a symbolic operation of the letter. Secondly, the analysis will turn to the problematic of the unary trait in seminary IX and a possible separation of reading and writing, when the psychoanalyst speaks of a genesis of the writing from the reading of the trace and the writing of the signifier when talking about the trait unary

O presente estudo investiga o valor diagnóstico entre neurose e psicose dos atos realizados por um paciente em análise, em particular se se tratavam de acting out e de passagem ao ato. Após algum tempo do início do tratamento psicanalítico o paciente apresentou atos que sugeriam a importância deles para sua estruturação psíquica. Inicialmente apresentou-se a dúvida quanto a se tratarem de um ou de outro. Pensamos que ao se esclarecer esta dúvida o diagnóstico seria possível. Além disso, para desenvolver esta pesquisa, foi preciso estudar mais a fundo o diagnóstico próprio da psicanálise, diferente do diagnóstico médico. A pesquisa teórica constitui-se principalmente no estudo dos textos de Freud e de Lacan acerca dos temas: diagnóstico, transferência, ato, neurose e psicose. Foi apresentado um relato do atendimento psicanalítico com o paciente a partir de anotações realizadas pela analista ao longo do tempo. Salientamos que o relato não retratou exatamente o que foi o tratamento por isso se tratar inviável na psicanálise. O acontecimento clínico é único e irreproduzível. A investigação transcorreu até o ponto de afirmarmos que os atos do paciente tratavamse de acting outs. Mesmo com isso posto, não nos foi possível determinar o seu diagnóstico. Constatamos que tanto o acting out quanto a passagem ao ato podem ser realizados por pacientes neuróticos e por pacientes psicóticos. Foi somente através da relação existente entre a análise da transferência e a análise dos acting outs que foi possível afirmar que se tratava de um paciente psicótico pré-surto. Os acting outs foram determinantes para percebemos que eles tinham uma função defensiva importante e declaramos a presença da foraclusão. Concluímos que, isoladamente, esses atos não são determinantes na realização do diagnóstico, mas, se associados à análise da transferência, podem ser de grande valia. / Text not informed by the author

Jean Piaget desenvolveu, a partir dos anos 60, uma teoria de adaptação e evolução das especies que unifica o todo o funcionamento do organismo, desde seu comportamento ate as modificacoes geneticas, sob um paradigma cibernetico e interativo. Tal modelo, ignorado a epoca, tem se mostrado cada vez mais coerente com as descobertas da Biologia Moderna. Este trabalho procura mostrar a congruencia do modelo de Piaget as evidencias levantadas Biologia do seculo XXI e extrair dai algumas consequência para a Psicologia e para outras areas do conhecimento e da ação humanas / Jean Piaget developed, from the sixties onward, a theory for adaptation and evolution of species that unifies under a cybernetic and interactive paradigm the entire living being functioning, from the behavior to the genetic modifications. This model, ignored at the time, has become ever more consistent with the findings of modern biology. This work aims to show the congruence of Piaget\'s model to the evidence raised Biology of the XXI century and then extract some consequence for psychology and other areas of knowledge and human action

At the outset, I dis-claim any knowledge or understanding what-so-ever, which is a peculiar stance to take for a nurse educator immersed in the language of “expertise,” “best practices,” and “champion” healthcare offerings. I do not dis-claim knowledge to absolve my professional accountability, nor do I absolve myself of being responsible for my text, rather I apprehend this journey of sentience and incarnation as an infant experiencing and learning the world in which it finds itself. It is only through a naïve, furtive play that I am able to proceed, through the difficulties and paradoxical tensions of constructed identities, without complete paralysis. As I play and ponder my way through multiple methodologies, a representational form emerges between repetitious moments of contemplation, remembering lived experiences, and reflecting on philosophical discourses. The difficulty or tension lies in the provocation of identities, as nurse, educator, and mother, among many other stances and formulations. Each identified discourse compels me to challenge the gaps in my knowledge in new ways. As I explore, I unravel the forms of text that are various incarnations of narrative reflection. The choices I make are about inquiring through concept, form and identification, which I both uniquely challenge as an individual and hold in common by being socially and historically situated. Each transition, contemplation and provocation is hopeful and volatile. I am always attuned to how it is that I live the spaces between each, unknowing my “self” as my otherness, letting go the ideal/real and becoming the (/) through a relational pedagogy. / Education, Faculty of / Graduate

This thesis examined the evidence, policy decision-making, and implementation of HPV vaccination in Canada as a case study to explore normalization versus individualized decision making in public health programs. Mixed methods were used: a systematic review, content analyses and policy document analysis. Overall, the scientific evidence supported an effect of vaccination against HPV infection and precancerous cervical lesions, but evidence regarding cervical cancer incidence or mortality is lacking. Scientific and medical communities appeared optimistic about the vaccine, but cautious about its readiness for routine implementation. Policy decision-making was initially cautious, but shifted towards active program implementation, possibly related to the availability of federal funding. The educational materials and media coverage both sent clearly normalizing messages about HPV vaccination. The discussion suggests that HPV vaccination might be more suited to an individualized than population approach, but many factors coincided to promote its implementation, in Canada, within a traditional public health model.

Evidence-based management involves decision making based on the best available scientific knowledge about effective organization practice. This evidence can be obtained from internal or systematic external research. Analysis of measures to prevent infections in hemato-oncologic patients a Prague teaching hospital revealed, that current organization practices do not allow a high quality internal research assessing provided health care quality. Causes of barriers to practice evidence-based approach in the organization processes and potential solutions are debated. In healthcare, Evidence-based management has a significant impact on improving the quality of provided care via identification of the best processes of integrating the outcomes of evidence-based medicine into the routine clinical practice. The aim of this work was to fill in absent information about evidence-based management in Czech academic literature and to introduce the ideas, principles and tools of evidence-based practice, as well as information on available sources of scientific evidence and activities that help adopting the evidene-based approach to management.

Trauma has been found to be highly prevalent and associated with many negative health and social outcomes (i.e., heart disease, higher suicide risk, high-risk behaviors) in the general population. Despite these associations, trauma detection is relatively rare in service-providing organizations. Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a proposed solution that encourages trauma detection, understanding the symptoms associated with trauma, and treating trauma while actively avoiding re-traumatization to the service user. Although research about TIC efficacy has been fairly limited, there are some promising potential benefits of the practice to the client, provider, and the population as a whole. For this study, we looked at service providers’ reported familiarity with TIC and implementation of TIC in their organization across seven timepoints. We found familiarity increased more than implementation, and we discuss potential reasons that may cause this discrepancy.

Homelessness is a growing concern in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) especially since 2 major hurricanes in 2017 devastated the islands. The impact trauma has on reoccurring homelessness in the USVI is unknown. Failure to understand the impact trauma may pose on persons who are homeless could hinder stable housing and perpetuate reoccurring homelessness. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the predictive relationship between trauma and reoccurring homelessness in persons who are homeless living in the USVI. The theoretical framework for this study was Psychological Trauma Theory. Participants were homeless adult persons (N=73) who were surveyed using the Trauma History Questionnaire and the Residential Timeline Follow-Back. A multiple regression analysis was used to examine the prediction of trauma on reoccurring homelessness, while controlling for demographic variables. The results indicated trauma was not statistically predictive on duration of homelessness and housing stability though when gender and education were controlled, there was significance in predicting service utilization with an adjusted R of (.19) of the variance and a value of (p > .000). Homeless males were more likely to utilize services than females though both homeless males and females with a high school education or higher were less likely to use services. The outcomes of this study have social change implications including counselor educators, counselors, and community stakeholders collaborating to facilitate trauma-informed care and design gender specific programs to increase service utilization among the homeless.