Literature has offered insight into aspects of traditional masculine gender norms in shaping expectations of soldiers (Arkin & Dobrofsky, 1978; Green et al., 2010; Johnson, 2010; Lorber & Garcia, 2010; Shawver, 1995), yet there has been little consideration of how these norms affect gay identified servicemen. For centuries, military policies have made efforts to restrict gay individuals from serving openly or at all, leading to inquiry about the effectiveness of these individuals as service members and the impact on unit cohesion (Burrelli, 2012; Parco & Levy, 2010; Shawver, 1995; Zellman, 1996). The current study examines the experiences of gay service men and the impact on the expression of their masculine and gay identity while in the military. The researcher explores the definition of masculinity in the military, its role in the expression of gay sexual identity, experiences of and participation in acts of homophobia by self or others, and participants’ perception of the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy repeal, as it relates to their comfort with expressing their gay identity.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Apr. 26, 2006). Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-173).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. (Aug. 11, 2004) Advisor: West, John D. Keywords: sexual orientation; aging; gay aging; internalized homophobia; advance directives; homosexuality; disclosure. Includes survey instrument. Includes bibliographical references (p. 175- 209).

No description available.

No description available.

De nombreuses recherches, principalement nord-américaines, ont mis en évidence un lien significatif entre orientation sexuelle et comportements suicidaires des adolescent e s / jeunes adultes (Beck & al., 2010). L’homophobie à laquelle les jeunes homo/bisexuel-le-s sont exposé e s est considérée comme l’hypothèse la plus sérieuse pour expliquer ce lien, mais, jusque-là, cette hypothèse n’avait jamais fait l’objet d’une recherche quantitative dans notre pays. Nous l’avons prise en compte dans le cadre d’une enquête réalisée sur la base d’un auto-questionnaire informatisé - composé notamment à partir des échelles « Adolescent Risk inventory » (A.R.I, Lescano & al., 2007), « Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised » (SBQ-r, Linehan, 1989), et « Homophobia Scale » (Wright, Adams & Bernat, 1999) - auquel ont répondu 475 filles et 426 garçons, âgé-e-s de 18 à 24 ans. Les résultats confirment la sursuicidalité des jeunes homo/bi-sexuel-le-s. Cependant, dans les analyses menées auprès des participants de sexe masculin, l’orientation sexuelle n’apparait plus comme un prédicteur significatif des tentatives de suicide et des conduites à risque dans les modèles explicatifs où l’on introduit les variables «Victimation Verbale Homophobe en milieu scolaire» et «Victimation basée sur la Non-conformité de genre». Ces variables s’avèrent d’ailleurs les plus forts prédicteurs des comportements suicidaires chez les garçons. Ceux-ci présentent des scores moyens à l’échelle d’homophobie/lesbophobie significativement plus élevés que les filles, et la victimation verbale homophobe semble beaucoup plus répandue que la victimation verbale lesbophobe. Cette dernière ne présente par ailleurs pas d’effet significatif sur les tentatives de suicide et les conduites à risque des filles. En revanche, la lesbophobie intériorisée a un effet significatif sur les comportements suicidaires dans le sous-échantillon des filles attirées sexuellement par le même sexe ou en questionnement (ASMSQ), alors que l’homophobie intériorisée n’en présente pas chez les garçons ASMSQ. Ce dernier résultat, basé sur un plus faible effectif, demande à être confirmé par des recherches ultérieures tandis que les analyses portant sur l’ensemble des participants mettent en évidence l’ampleur de la victimation homophobe en milieu scolaire et son impact chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes de sexe masculin. / Several studies (mostly North-American) put into light a significant link between sexual orientation and suicidal behaviors among teenagers and/or young adults. Homophobia to which the young homosexuals are exposed is considered the most serious hypothesis to explain this link. However quantitative studies have never been conducted on this hypothesis in France. We took it into account while carrying out a survey based on a self-questionnaire built up from scales from “Adolescent Risk Inventory” (Lescano & al., 2007), Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – revised” (Linehan, 1989), and Homophobia Scale” (Wright, Adams & Bernat, 1999). Said survey was answered by 475 young women, and 426 young men aged 18-24.Results confirmed oversuicidality among young homo/bisexuals. However, in the analysis conducted on male participants only, sexual orientation ceases to appear a significant predictor of suicide attempts or risk behavior in explanatory models in which variables « Homophobic Verbal Bullying in school » and « Bullying based on Gender nonconformity » are introduced. Said variables turn out to be the strongest predictors of suicidal behaviors among male adolescents and young adults. Young men have mean scores on the homophobia/lesbophobia scale that are significantly higher than young women's, and homophobic verbal bullying seems a lot more common than lesbophobic verbal bullying. Besides, lesbophobic verbal bullying does not have a significant effect on suicidal attempts and risk behaviors among young women. However, internalized lesbophobia has a significant effect on suicidal behaviors of the sub-sample of young women sexually attracted to same-sex individuals or wondering (ASMSQ), whereas internalized homophobia has no effect on ASMSQ young men. This last result is based on a lower population, and should be confirmed by subsequent studies, whereas analysis on all participants highlight the extent of homophobic bullying in school, and its impact on male teenagers and young adults.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Paulo Sammarco Antunes.pdf: 3028564 bytes, checksum: 3725bdf3c7fcfb9f1268e15f38083ea0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Throughout history homophobia has been built. It is one of the bases that sustains the power structures and all social functioning in many populations. Five were social devices that interdicted homosexual behavior: the habits, traditions, religion, the legal system and biomedical sciences. Femininity is culturally associated with homosexuality in men. Homophobia is made up of some elements, such as: machismo, heteronormativity, heterosexism and misogyny. In the process of socialization it is internalized by all people, regardless of their sexual orientation. However, the impact tends to be higher when it happens to homosexuals, receiving the scientific name of internalized homophobia. For this research, we tried to interview only men who admitted feeling emotional/sexual attraction to other men. Our respondents are aged 20 60 years. They belong to different social, economic and educational levels. These subjects were contacted and invited to participate in the study through the internet social networks aimed at LGBT segment. Interviews were sent to individuals by electronic mail and divided into three parts. The first two were more emphasis on quantitative aspects. The third part investigated only on qualitative aspects. Through 150 interviews, we reached the internalized homophobia score level for each individual and some of the impacts related to the process of its internalization. These are usually related to psychosocial development, dynamics of "exit, return or stay in the closet," religious beliefs, body, gender norms, sexual terminology, mental health, suicide, use/abuse/addiction to drugs, sexual risk behavior, relationships, marriage between men, domestic violence, aging and elder gay men. The importance of measuring internalized homophobia is at its negative impact on the health of these individuals, and the costs generated to the whole social system. In addition, both the institutionalized homophobia, as the internalized violate the fundamental rights of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Brazilian Constitution, such as: freedom, equality, dignity, respect, integrity and security / Ao longo da história a homofobia foi sendo construída. Ela é uma das bases que sustenta as estruturas de poder e todo o funcionamento social em muitos povos. Cinco foram os dispositivos sociais que interditaram o comportamento homossexual: os hábitos, as tradições, a religião, o sistema jurídico e ciências biomédicas. A feminilidade é cuturalmente associada à homossexualidade em homens. A homofobia é composta de alguns elementos, tais como: machismo, heteronormatividade, heterossexismo e misoginia. No processo de socialização ela é introjetada por todas as pessoas, independente da sua orientação sexual. Porém, o impacto tende a ser maior quando acontece aos homossexuais, recebendo o nome científico de homofobia internalizada. Para esta pesquisa, procuramos entrevistar somente homens que admitissem sentir atração afetivo/sexual por outros homens. Nossos colaboradores têm idades de 20 a 60 anos. Eles pertencem a diversos níveis sociais, econômicos e escolares. Estes sujeitos foram contatados e convidados a participar do estudo por meio de redes sociais da internet voltadas ao segmento LGBT. As entrevistas foram enviadas aos sujeitos por correio eletrônico e divididas em três partes. As duas primeiras tiveram maior ênfase em aspectos quantitativos. A terceira parte investigou somente em aspectos qualitativos. Por meio das 150 entrevistas realizadas, verificamos os níveis de homofobia encontrados e alguns dos prováveis impactos referentes ao processo de sua internalização. Estes estão correlacionados ao desenvolvimento psicossocial, dinâmica de saída, retorno ou permanência no armário , crenças religiosas, corpo, normas de gênero, terminologias sexuais, saúde mental, suicídio, uso/abuso/adição às drogas, comportamento sexual de risco, relacionamentos afetivo-conjugais entre homens, violência doméstica, envelhecimento e velhice de homens homossexuais. A importância de medir a homofobia internalizada está no seu impacto negativo sobre a saúde destes indivíduos, bem como os custos gerados a todo sistema social. Além disto, tanto a homofobia institucionalizada, como a internalizada violam os direitos fundamentais da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e da Constituição Federal, tais como: liberdade, igualdade, dignidade, respeito, integridade e segurança

This study was designed to examine the effects of identifying as a butch, androgynous, or femme lesbian on self-esteem, internalized homophobia, and passing behaviors. It was hypothesized that butch lesbians would have higher self-esteem, lower internalized homophobia, and fewer passing behaviors than femme lesbians, with androgynous lesbians falling between the butch and femme groups. Self-esteem was measuring using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Internalized homophobia was assessed by the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale. Passing behaviors were addressed through questions in the demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed by conducting an ANOVA analysis. Results indicated that butch lesbians have the lowest internalized homophobia and the lowest amount of passing behaviors; androgynous lesbians have a highest self esteem. Implications of this study for research and practice are discussed.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306 / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Northern British Columbia, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-60).

"A thesis submitted to the Miami University Honors Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for University Honors." / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 7, 2006). Includes bibliographical references.