Feeding selectivity by the rainbow mussel (Villosa iris) was examined for three age groups; 2-3 days old, 50-53 days old, and 3-6 years old. The mussels were fed an algal diet consisting of Scenedesmus quadricauda (22.3 - 44.5 μm), Nannochloropsis oculata (2.8 – 8.1 μm), and Selenastrum capricornutum (3.6 – 8.5 μm) in equal cell densities. The change in relative abundance of each algal species within feeding chambers over a 5 hr feeding trial was used to discern selectivity. At the conclusion of the feeding trials, the gut contents of mussels were analyzed for preferential ingestion. The mussels selected for N. oculata and S. capricornutum over S. quadricauda (p < 0.05). This may be an indication of particle size-dependent selection. Feeding trials also suggest that selectivity by the rainbow mussel does not change with age. Gut content analyses showed a preferential ingestion of algae, in the sequence N. oculata, S. capricornutum, then S. quadricauda. The suitability of two algal diets, S. quadricauda and N. oculata, for rearing captive juveniles of V. iris in 145-L recirculating culture systems was compared. Juveniles were fed their assigned diet at a density rate of approximately 30,000 cells/ml for 42 days, and sampled weekly for percent survival and shell length. Regardless of diet, juvenile survival decreased rapidly after 21 days, and growth did not exceed approximately 450 μm. High mortality rates and slow growth of juveniles was likely due to inadequate diets. Juveniles that were fed S. quadricauda lacked chlorophyll coloration in their guts, indicating that the juveniles did not ingest this species of algae. Colonies of S. quadricauda were likely too large for the juveniles to ingest. The gut content of juveniles fed N. oculata showed chlorophyll coloration, indicating that the juveniles ingested this species, but N. oculata may have been difficult for the juveniles to assimilate. Under the culture conditions provided, survival and growth did not compare favorably to those of other studies with V. iris. Newly metamorphosed juveniles of V. iris were reared in 145-L recirculating culture systems containing sediment (< 600 μm) of two depths, 5 mm and 15 mm. Mussels were fed a bi-algal diet of Nannochloropsis oculata and Neochloris oleoabundans. Survival differed significantly between treatments (p=0.04), and was higher for juveniles reared in 5 mm of sediment over a 40-day period. Growth was not significantly different between treatments. After 40 days, juveniles achieved a mean length of approximately 578 μm in both treatments. Survival and growth of juveniles compared favorably to those of other culture studies using juveniles of V. iris. A shallow layer of sediment is recommended for the culture of juvenile mussels. / Master of Science

No description available.

Iris recognition constitutes one of the most powerful method for the iden- tification and authentication of people today. This thesis aims to describe the algorithms used in a sophisticated and mathematically correct way, while re- maining comprehensible. The description of these algorithms is not the only objective of this thesis; the reason they were chosen and potential improvements or substitutions are also discussed. The background of iris recognition, its use in cryptosystems, and the application of error-correcting codes are investigated as well.

Iris recognition constitutes one of the most powerful method for the iden- tification and authentication of people today. This thesis aims to describe the algorithms used by a mathematical apparatus. The description of these algo- rithms is not the only objective of this thesis; the reason they were chosen and potential improvements or substitutions are also discussed. The background of iris recognition, its use in cryptosystems, and the application of error-correcting codes are investigated as well. The second version of the thesis eliminates errata and a quantum of inaccu- racies discovered in the first version, especially in the ROI Definition, the Hough Transform and the Feature Extraction sections. Besides that, it also contains se- veral new propositions. Last, but not least, it shows a potential implementation of the algorithms described by appending pseudocodes to the relevant sections. 1

A pintura de íris protética é uma das fases mais delicadas durante o processo de confecção de uma prótese ocular e requer, do Cirurgião-Dentista especialista em Prótese Bucomaxilofacial, qualidades técnico-artísticas para uma dissimulação satisfatória. A reprodução fiel da íris do paciente é de fundamental importância para sua reabilitação estética e consequente reintegração social. Em função disso, o presente estudo desenvolveu uma escala de cores para pintura de íris em prótese ocular, a fim de ser utilizada como ferramenta auxiliar durante esta fase. Foram desenvolvidas sete matizes (castanho-avermelhado, castanho, ocre, verde, verde-azulado, azul e cinza) a partir de mistura de tintas acrílicas Acrilex®, levando como base os conceitos de formação da cor da íris para o proporcionamento das tintas, no intúito de mapear os tons presentes nas íris humanas. A escala foi testada em 145 indivíduos com íris saudáveis, por três observadores calibrados, verificando se algum tom da escala se aproximava à cor base dessas íris. A opinião de cada obeservador foi anotada em ficha de avaliação da íris e os dados seguiram para análise estatística. Foram avaliadas a associação entre matiz de escolha e observadores, a coerência inter-observador em relação ao matiz e a coerência inter-observador em relação ao tom. Os resultados apontaram alta concordância entre os obeservadores, o que garantiu a validação da escala proposta. / Artificial eye iris painting is one of the most delicate stages in the process of making an ocular prosthesis. The Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Specialist Dentist is required to have technical and artistic abilities for a satisfactory simulation. The accurate reproduction of the patient\'s iris is thoroughly important for his or her aesthetic rehabilitation and social reintegration. On that basis, the present study aimed to develop an iris painting color scale, which can be used as an auxiliary tool for this stage of production. In order to map out the present shades in human irides, seven hues have been developed (reddish-brown, brown, ochre, green, bluishgreen, blue and gray) by mixing Acrilex® acrylic paint, which were based on the concepts of iris color formation for the establishment of the paint mixtures. The scale has been tested by three calibrated observers in 145 individuals presenting healthy irides. The observers would verify if any of the shades in the color scale matched the subject\'s iris color base. Each observer\'s opinion was registered in an iris evaluation sheet and the data was then submitted to statistical analysis. Evaluated factors included the association of the selected hue by the observer; the consistency of the choice of hue among all observers; the consistency of the choice of shade among all observers. Results revealed substantial consensus among observers, ensuring the legitimacy of the proposed color scale.

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor / La trucha arco iris, Oncorhynchus mykiss, es uno de los peces más importantes de la región andina peruana y apreciado por la calidad de su carne, sin embargo, su creciente producción ha aumentado los problemas de sanidad piscícola por susceptibilidad a patógenos principalmente suscitados en la etapa de alevinaje. Ante esta situación, el uso del liofilizado de Chlorella peruviana en la dieta surge como una alternativa eficaz para mejorar el sistema inmune por su calidad proteica, pigmentos, macronutrientes y bioestimulantes. Se evalúa el efecto de la inclusión de diferentes concentraciones de harina liofilizada de C. peruviana sobre el crecimiento y sistema inmune innato de alevines de O. mykiss. El estudio se desarrolló en las instalaciones del Centro Piscícola “El Ingenio”- Junín, entre los meses de enero y abril del 2018. Se emplearon 2 000 alevinos de tercera campaña con un peso promedio de 0,569 ± 0,136 g y longitud de 37,34 ± 2,65 mm; distribuidos al azar en 10 artesas a densidades de 200 alevines/artesa; se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos con dos réplicas cada uno: alimento extruido (T1 o control), alimento extruido + 2.5% harina C. peruviana (T2), alimento extruido + 5% harina C. peruviana (T3) y alimento extruido + 7.5% harina C. peruviana (T4). Los parámetros fisicoquímicos registrados, mostraron valores normales en promedio: T de 11,6 ± 0,2°C, pH de 7,6 ± 0.13, OD de 7,1 ± 0.3 mg/l, NH4 de 0,03 ± 0,01 mg/l, NO2 de 0,06 ± 0,01 mg/l y NO3 de 0,5 ± 0,3 mg/l. Los parámetros de crecimiento indicaron que los alevines de O. mykiss respondieron adecuadamente a las condiciones de cultivo; al suministrar C. peruviana en la dieta, presentaron un efecto evidente sobre los factores de desempeño, ya que permitieron alcanzar una tasa específica de crecimiento de 3.40 %/día, un índice de conversión alimenticia de 1.20, un factor de condición de 1.15 y una sobrevivencia al 98%. Los parámetros hematológicos mostraron mejores niveles a la incorporación de C. peruviana en la dieta, aumentando los valores de hemoglobina a 11.18 g/dl, de hematocrito a 56.1%, de glóbulos rojos a 1.46 x106 cel/μl y glóbulos blancos a 13.02 x104 cel/μl. El sistema inmune innato, reveló una mayor respuesta al incluir C. peruviana en la dieta, incrementando la actividad de la lisozima y complemento sérico a 810,45 μl/ml y 28,92 U/ml respectivamente. Los resultados demuestran que la inclusión del 5% de harina de C. peruviana en la dieta genera un mayor crecimiento, mejora los niveles hematológicos y activa el sistema inmune innato, por lo que su implementación en dietas comerciales mejoraría la eficiencia productiva y salud de los alevines de O. mykiss. / Tesis

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T11:19:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Layla Livia de Queiroz - 2015.pdf: 1728133 bytes, checksum: 6a563d9c0f90ba336e26a3b8562966b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T11:30:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Layla Livia de Queiroz - 2015.pdf: 1728133 bytes, checksum: 6a563d9c0f90ba336e26a3b8562966b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-21T11:30:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Layla Livia de Queiroz - 2015.pdf: 1728133 bytes, checksum: 6a563d9c0f90ba336e26a3b8562966b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a degenerative condition that mainly affects older dogs. It has a progressive character, no cure, and in most cases is diagnosed late, when treatment becomes ineffective and survival timeshorter. With the objective of diagnosis’ standardization, the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) proposed a staging system based on serum creatinine. One of the major complications of CKD is hyperphosphatemia, which is demonstrably linked to mortality inhuman patients. The presentstudy used 65 dogs with CKD, followed upmonthly. The mortality rate was 55% and the average age was seven years. The follow-up time ranged from 46 to 225 days. As for the IRIS staging, 6.2% of dogs were in stage 1, 13.8% in stage 2, 38.5% in stage 3 and 41.5% in stage 4. With the progression of disease, proteinuria and arterial blood pressureincreased while urine specific gravity reduced. Most of the dogs showed increased renal echogenicity and changes in cortico-medullary definition,in ultrasonographic examinations. Hyperphosphatemia occurred mainly in stages 3 and 4 and was related to progression of the disease, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, hypertension and increased mortality. Renal diet given continuously was effective in controlling hyperphosphatemia and increased survival time of dogs with CKD. / A doença renal crônica (DRC) é uma alteração degenerativa que acomete principalmente cães idosos. De caráter progressivo, não tem cura e seu diagnóstico, na maioria das vezes, é realizado tardiamente, quando o tratamento é ineficaz e o tempo de sobrevida curto. Com o objetivo de padronização, a Sociedade Internacional de Interesse Renal (IRIS), propôs um sistema de classificação, baseado nas concentrações séricas de creatinina. Uma das principais complicações da DRC é a hiperfosfatemia, a qual está comprovadamente ligada à mortalidade de pacientes humanos portadores da doença. O presente estudo acompanhou 65 cães com DRC, com os retornos realizados mensalmente. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 55% e a idade média superior a sete anos. O tempo de acompanhamento dos animais que não vieram a óbito variou entre 46 e 225 dias. Quanto ao estadiamento IRIS, 6,2% dos cães encontravam-se no estádio 1, 13,8% no estádio 2, 38,5% no estádio 3 e 41,5% no estádio 4. Com o agravamento do quadro aproteinúria e a pressão arterial aumentaram,enquanto a densidade urinária reduziu. No exame ultrassonográfico a maior parte dos cães apresentou aumento da ecogenicidade renal e alteração na definição do limite córtico-medular. A hiperfosfatemia ocorreu principalmente nos estádios 3 e 4 e esteve relacionada ao agravamento da doença, alta mortalidade, hipoalbuminemia, hipertensão arterial e proteinúria. O uso continuado da dieta renal foi eficiente no controle da hiperfosfatemia e no aumento da sobrevida dos cães com DRC.

A pintura de íris protética é uma das fases mais delicadas durante o processo de confecção de uma prótese ocular e requer, do Cirurgião-Dentista especialista em Prótese Bucomaxilofacial, qualidades técnico-artísticas para uma dissimulação satisfatória. A reprodução fiel da íris do paciente é de fundamental importância para sua reabilitação estética e consequente reintegração social. Em função disso, o presente estudo desenvolveu uma escala de cores para pintura de íris em prótese ocular, a fim de ser utilizada como ferramenta auxiliar durante esta fase. Foram desenvolvidas sete matizes (castanho-avermelhado, castanho, ocre, verde, verde-azulado, azul e cinza) a partir de mistura de tintas acrílicas Acrilex®, levando como base os conceitos de formação da cor da íris para o proporcionamento das tintas, no intúito de mapear os tons presentes nas íris humanas. A escala foi testada em 145 indivíduos com íris saudáveis, por três observadores calibrados, verificando se algum tom da escala se aproximava à cor base dessas íris. A opinião de cada obeservador foi anotada em ficha de avaliação da íris e os dados seguiram para análise estatística. Foram avaliadas a associação entre matiz de escolha e observadores, a coerência inter-observador em relação ao matiz e a coerência inter-observador em relação ao tom. Os resultados apontaram alta concordância entre os obeservadores, o que garantiu a validação da escala proposta. / Artificial eye iris painting is one of the most delicate stages in the process of making an ocular prosthesis. The Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Specialist Dentist is required to have technical and artistic abilities for a satisfactory simulation. The accurate reproduction of the patient\'s iris is thoroughly important for his or her aesthetic rehabilitation and social reintegration. On that basis, the present study aimed to develop an iris painting color scale, which can be used as an auxiliary tool for this stage of production. In order to map out the present shades in human irides, seven hues have been developed (reddish-brown, brown, ochre, green, bluishgreen, blue and gray) by mixing Acrilex® acrylic paint, which were based on the concepts of iris color formation for the establishment of the paint mixtures. The scale has been tested by three calibrated observers in 145 individuals presenting healthy irides. The observers would verify if any of the shades in the color scale matched the subject\'s iris color base. Each observer\'s opinion was registered in an iris evaluation sheet and the data was then submitted to statistical analysis. Evaluated factors included the association of the selected hue by the observer; the consistency of the choice of hue among all observers; the consistency of the choice of shade among all observers. Results revealed substantial consensus among observers, ensuring the legitimacy of the proposed color scale.

Our purpose with this thesis was to find biometric methods that can be used in access control of mobile access. The access control has two parts. Firstly, to validate the identity of the caller and, secondly, to ensure the validated user is not changed during the session that follows. Any solution to the access control problem is not available today, which means that anyone can get access to the mobile phone and the Internet. Therefore we have researched after a solution that can solve this problem but also on how to secure that no one else can take over an already validated session. We began to search for biometric methods that are available today to find them that would be best suited together with a mobile phone. After we had read information about them we did choose three methods for further investigation. These methods were Fingerprint Recognition, Iris Scan and Speaker Verification. Iris Scan is the method that is best suited to solve the authentication problem. The reasons for this are many. One of them is the uniqueness and stability of the iris, not even identical twins or the pair of the same individual has the same iris minutiae. The iris is also very protected behind eyelids, cornea and the aqueous humor and therefore difficult to damage. When it comes to the method itself, is it one of the most secure methods available today. One of the reasons for this is that the equal error rate is better than one in a million. However, this rate can be even better. It all depends on the Hamming Distance, which is a value that show how different the saved and temporarily template are, and what it is set to. To solve our session authentication, which was to make sure that no one else could take over a connected mobile phone, a sensor plate is the answer. This sensor will be able to sense for touch, heat and pulse. These three sensor measurements will together secure a validated session since the mobile phone will disconnect if the sensor looses its sensor data. There are, however, technological and other challenges to be solved before our proposed solutions will become viable. We address some of these issues in our thesis.

This study aims to examine the function and vulnerabilities of biometric systemsintegrated in smartphones, as well as techniques for circumventing the securityof these systems. These techniques are then used against a selection of smart-phones in order to gauge the resilience of their biometric security. The function,vulnerabilities, and techniques associated with these systems are compiled usinga literature study of published papers and books on the subject. The performedexperiments apply these techniques in the form of presentation attacks directed atthe fingerprint-, face- and iris recognition systems of the examined smartphones.The result of the experiments showed significant differences between the differentsmartphones, where some exhibited flawless security and others showed significantsecurity flaws. Both fingerprint and face recognition systems were successfullycircumvented, while none of the iris recognition systems were breached. No clearlink could be observed between the cost of the device and success rate of attacks,while only devices using the Android operating system were breached. The resultsundeniably showed that some smartphones are vulnerable to the employed tech-niques. It also showed that some of the tested devices had managed to implementmeasures to counteract the applied presentation attacks. The root cause of thevulnerabilities showcased in the experiment is due to the fact that biometric traitscan be copied and reproduced, highlighting a basic flaw of such systems.