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English literature on colonial era Taiwanese identity is underrepresented in contemporary scholarship. In order to shed further light on the topic I will analyze: How did the identity of the people living on Taiwan transform during the Japanese colonial period, 1895-1945? I conduct my analysis using comparative method based on the framework put forth by Abdelal, Herrera, Johnston and McDermott in their Identity as a Variable. The paper defines collective identity as a social category that varies around two dimensions, content and contestation. The content describes the meaning of a collective identity. Contestation refers to the degree of agreement of the content of the identity. The content can be divided into four non-mutually-exclusive types: constitutive norms, social purposes, relational comparisons, and cognitive models. During the Japanese period I argue that three constitutive norms changed on Taiwan. The Japanese transformed the Taiwanese into law-abiding citizens; they created a norm of sanitation and hygiene on the island; and they transformed the status of Women. The key forces in implementing change were the threat of punishment and education. In social purposes I argue that during the colonial era the Taiwanese elites developed a goal of improving the rights and opportunities for the Taiwanese people. The elites were divided between liberal and Marxist influence, and among the degree of acceptance for a political society within the Japanese Empire. During the colonial period, the relational comparison to the Japanese created the notion of Taiwanese as a collective unit. Japanese police changed the structure of Taiwanese society. The new structure broke down existing cleavages between different groups of Taiwanese. Over time the collective discrimination of Taiwanese by the Japanese, created a notion of Taiwanese as a single unit. In cognitive models I argue that the Japanese policies created a single community on Taiwan. The Japanese brought the modern state to Taiwan. The Japanese modernization policies created a single community on the island.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Humanities / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Comparative Literature / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

In 1919, Morita Shōma first published his theories on the nature of a disorder he called shinkeishitsu. While it was often translated as “neurasthenia” after the definition of George Miller Beard (1869), Morita himself maintained that it was a nervous disorder with symptoms that included a range of ailments. Anything from physical and mental fatigue, headaches, heart palpitations, insomnia, nausea, or even dizziness could be a symptom of shinkeishitsu. The treatment that Morita recommended for this disorder was a combination of what is now considered behavior modification therapy, self-assessment, and meditation. After his death, this treatment came to be known as Morita Therapy, and it has persisted as a form of therapy for a variety of nervous disorders to the present day. In this thesis, I will demonstrate how Morita, through his education and connection with western psychiatrics, adapted Western mental health concepts to the Japanese context. At the same time, however, Morita attempted to extend concepts of mental illness that he considered to be Japanese culture-bound syndromes--specifically shinkeishitsu, which in addition to symptoms of neurasthenia caused patients to exhibit signs of obsessive-compulsive or perfectionist tendencies and a social phobia known as taijin kyōfushō. Morita Therapy exemplifies the general trends of psychiatric healthcare in the prewar period; the medicalization of nervous disorders and his interaction with the larger psychiatric community demonstrates how Japanese psychiatrists attempted to take part in the international discourse on mental health and wellness. / text

This report studied innovation activity in four areas of the solar photovoltaic balance-of-system (BOS) technologies (inverters, mounting equipment, monitoring systems, and site assessment) in the Japanese market. Through patent searches with specific keywords, this study found that innovation activity in these four technology areas increased and decreased responding to both supply-side and demand-side policies. This report also empirically studied effects of demand-pull policies on innovation activity in the BOS technology areas. The regression analysis of the patent data found that the demand-side policies such as residential subsidy programs employed by the Japanese government were a major factor which influenced innovation activities in these technology areas in the Japanese market. Finally, the regression analysis also found that the termination of the residential subsidy program by the government in 2006 had a negative effect on the innovation activity of the four BOS technologies. / text

The purpose of this thesis is to develop understanding toward Japanese firms’ joint venture with Taiwanese firms in China, from the Japanese firms’ perspective. We explored the research questions, including why Japanese firms form joint venture with Taiwanese firms and how joint ventures are managed. The research adopted the case study approach and interviewed Japanese managers from two firms, Kirin Brewery Company, Limited and Musashi Paint Co., Ltd. Chapter 1 described research background, research objectives and questions. With the strong presence of Chinese market, Japanese firms need to explore its own investment strategies. One form of entry strategies, especially preferred by the Japanese, is to cooperate with Taiwanese firms in China. Taiwanese firms’ advantage in understanding the Chinese culture and language will assist Japanese firms to reach a better performance. Chapter 2 analyzed statistic data to understand how Japanese firms have invested in China so far, problems faced by Japanese firms in China, and current situations of Japanese firms’ strategic alliance with Taiwanese firms. Chapter 3 discussed various literatures on join ventures, including definition, motivations, partner selection, and management, and presented tentative conclusions and research framework regarding Japanese firms’ joint ventures with Taiwanese firms. Chapter 4 stated how the research was conducted, including research methodology, limitations of research, interview guidelines, interview procedures, and the description of two Japanese firms. Chapter 5 analyzed research findings, with reference to tentative conclusions and research framework presented in Chapter 3. Chapter 6 provided conclusions from research findings and suggestions for two firms (Kirin and Musashi Paint) and Japanese firms that plan to have joint ventures in China. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.

Japan is the largest market for U.S. forest products. Therefore, export of wood products to this country is critical to the economic life of the forest industry in the U.S. and particularly for the Pacific Northwest. Hence, economic conditions and developments in Japan may significantly affect the volume of trade for the products of concern and, in turn, the well-being of the U.S. lumber and log production-consumption system. Few studies have addressed forest product trade between the U.S. and Japan. This study is designed to determine the effect of several selected market factors on the Japanese import demand for U.S. softwood lumber and logs and to estimate the influence of these factors on Japan's future trade. A numerical model was developed incorporating these selective factors, thought to be relevant, to determine their effects on the Japanese market for the U.S. forest products. The evaluation considers the effects of variations in: Japanese income, domestic production of softwood logs in Japan, domestic prices of the products of concern, petroleum purchased by Japan, nominal interest rates in Japan, the exchange rates, and finally a weighted average of prices of the products from the Pacific Northwest (Oregon and Washington, only). Given the available resources, two empirical time series models for each commodity were estimated by OLS technique using annual data from 1961 through 1985. The results indicate that the Japanese import demands for both products are inelastic. This finding, along with other evidence, suggests the distortion of the Japanese import demand for U.S. forest products by factors other than economic, mainly politics involved in trade restraint between the two countries. The study shows that GNP per capita, housing starts, and the interest rates in Japan, significantly affect the Japanese import demand for lumber from the U.S. Housing starts is the only significant factor in the case of the Japanese import demand for U.S. logs. In the latter case, the exchange rates and log export prices to Japan (deflated by Japan's wholesale price index), are significant only when the log linear model has been applied. / Graduation date: 1988