Esta pesquisa visa analisar algumas das principais implicações causadas pelas epidemias nas interações desenvolvidas entre índios Tupi e jesuítas na América Portuguesa entre os anos de 1549 e 1585. Para isto, buscamos, inicialmente, salientar a influência das interpretações elaboradas sobre as origens dos contágios, tanto para a construção de concepções sobre o “outro” formuladas a partir do encontro, quanto para a criação de diferentes soluções e acomodações concebidas com o intuito de mitigar os efeitos provocados por estes fenômenos. Em seguida, destacamos como as implicações acarretadas por estas medidas de proteção, aliadas as transformações ocasionadas pelas abruptas quedas demográficas, repercutiram nas relações que se estabeleceram entre indígenas e inacianos durante estas pouco mais de três décadas. Deste modo, foi possível relacionar a emergência de diferentes epidemias ao desenvolvimento de aproximações e rupturas nestas interações, e, com isto, sublinhar as consequências drásticas destes surtos nas dinâmicas dos primeiros contatos desenvolvidos entre os Tupi e a missão jesuítica no período quinhentista. / This research aims to analyze the impacts of epidemics in the interactions between Tupi and Jesuits in América Portuguesa between the years 1549 and 1585. For this, we sought initially highlight the influence of interpretations elaborated on the origins of the contagions, both for the construction of conceptions of the "other" formulated from the encounter, and for the development of different solutions and adaptations designed with the intention of mitigate the effects caused by these phenomena. Then, we emphasize how the implications entailed by these protective measures, combined with transformations caused by abrupt demographic falls, affected the relations between indigenous and missionaries during these bit more three decades. Thereby, it was possible to relate the emergence of epidemics to approuches and disruptions in these interactions, and, thus, underline the drastic consequences of these outbreaks in the dynamics of the first contacts developed between Tupi and Jesuit mission in sixteenth- century.

Esta pesquisa visa analisar algumas das principais implicações causadas pelas epidemias nas interações desenvolvidas entre índios Tupi e jesuítas na América Portuguesa entre os anos de 1549 e 1585. Para isto, buscamos, inicialmente, salientar a influência das interpretações elaboradas sobre as origens dos contágios, tanto para a construção de concepções sobre o “outro” formuladas a partir do encontro, quanto para a criação de diferentes soluções e acomodações concebidas com o intuito de mitigar os efeitos provocados por estes fenômenos. Em seguida, destacamos como as implicações acarretadas por estas medidas de proteção, aliadas as transformações ocasionadas pelas abruptas quedas demográficas, repercutiram nas relações que se estabeleceram entre indígenas e inacianos durante estas pouco mais de três décadas. Deste modo, foi possível relacionar a emergência de diferentes epidemias ao desenvolvimento de aproximações e rupturas nestas interações, e, com isto, sublinhar as consequências drásticas destes surtos nas dinâmicas dos primeiros contatos desenvolvidos entre os Tupi e a missão jesuítica no período quinhentista. / This research aims to analyze the impacts of epidemics in the interactions between Tupi and Jesuits in América Portuguesa between the years 1549 and 1585. For this, we sought initially highlight the influence of interpretations elaborated on the origins of the contagions, both for the construction of conceptions of the "other" formulated from the encounter, and for the development of different solutions and adaptations designed with the intention of mitigate the effects caused by these phenomena. Then, we emphasize how the implications entailed by these protective measures, combined with transformations caused by abrupt demographic falls, affected the relations between indigenous and missionaries during these bit more three decades. Thereby, it was possible to relate the emergence of epidemics to approuches and disruptions in these interactions, and, thus, underline the drastic consequences of these outbreaks in the dynamics of the first contacts developed between Tupi and Jesuit mission in sixteenth- century.

Esta pesquisa visa analisar algumas das principais implicações causadas pelas epidemias nas interações desenvolvidas entre índios Tupi e jesuítas na América Portuguesa entre os anos de 1549 e 1585. Para isto, buscamos, inicialmente, salientar a influência das interpretações elaboradas sobre as origens dos contágios, tanto para a construção de concepções sobre o “outro” formuladas a partir do encontro, quanto para a criação de diferentes soluções e acomodações concebidas com o intuito de mitigar os efeitos provocados por estes fenômenos. Em seguida, destacamos como as implicações acarretadas por estas medidas de proteção, aliadas as transformações ocasionadas pelas abruptas quedas demográficas, repercutiram nas relações que se estabeleceram entre indígenas e inacianos durante estas pouco mais de três décadas. Deste modo, foi possível relacionar a emergência de diferentes epidemias ao desenvolvimento de aproximações e rupturas nestas interações, e, com isto, sublinhar as consequências drásticas destes surtos nas dinâmicas dos primeiros contatos desenvolvidos entre os Tupi e a missão jesuítica no período quinhentista. / This research aims to analyze the impacts of epidemics in the interactions between Tupi and Jesuits in América Portuguesa between the years 1549 and 1585. For this, we sought initially highlight the influence of interpretations elaborated on the origins of the contagions, both for the construction of conceptions of the "other" formulated from the encounter, and for the development of different solutions and adaptations designed with the intention of mitigate the effects caused by these phenomena. Then, we emphasize how the implications entailed by these protective measures, combined with transformations caused by abrupt demographic falls, affected the relations between indigenous and missionaries during these bit more three decades. Thereby, it was possible to relate the emergence of epidemics to approuches and disruptions in these interactions, and, thus, underline the drastic consequences of these outbreaks in the dynamics of the first contacts developed between Tupi and Jesuit mission in sixteenth- century.

A presente tese estuda a produção arquitetônica e artística nas Missões Jesuíticas situadas no território do antigo Estado do Maranhão e Grão-Pará (criado em 1621), com particular destaque à região da Capitania do Grão-Pará. O arco temporal compreende os anos de 1653 (estabelecimento da Companhia de Jesus em Belém) a 1759 (expulsão dos jesuítas das colônias portuguesas). A tese enfoca, em particular, o trabalho artístico de jesuítas e índios nas oficinas que funcionaram no Colégio Jesuítico de Santo Alexandre em Belém a partir do século XVIII; procurando identificar a irradiação de modelos criados nas mesmas em direção às igrejas e capelas implantadas pelos jesuítas ao longo do Rio Amazonas e seus afluentes; sobretudo, àquelas que estavam localizadas em vilas, aldeias ou fazendas jesuíticas mais próximas a Belém (Vila de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré da Vigia, Vila Souza do Caeté, Mortigura, Gibirié, Mamaiacú, Jaguarari, entre outras). É colocada a hipótese de que Belém, como um pólo criador de modelos (também pólo econômico e comercial), alimentou toda a produção artística dos jesuítas no Grão-Pará, ao difundir seus métodos de trabalho e suas experiências técnicas. O título Tintas da Terra, Tintas do Reino sintetiza a idéia central da tese, de que o legado dos jesuítas na arquitetura e na arte nas missões do Grão-Pará é resultado do trabalho de europeus e de índios, e do emprego de suas tradições culturais. / This thesis is a study of the artistic and architectural production of the Jesuit Missions in the former State of Maranhão and Grão Pará, which was established in 1621, with a special emphasis on the Captaincy of Grão Pará. The period under study spans the time from 1653, when the Society of Jesus settled in the city of Belém, to 1759, when the Jesuits were expelled from Portuguese colonies. This thesis focuses in particular on the artistic work of both jesuits and indians carried out in the workshops at the Jesuit School of Santo Alexandre in Belém in the 18th century. The thesis seeks to trace the dissemination of the models created in such workshops throughout the Jesuit churches and chapels that were built along the borders of the River Amazon and its tributaries, especially those located in the Jesuit aldeias, vilas and fazendas closer to Belém (Vila de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré da Vigia, Vila Souza do Caeté, Mortigura, Gibirié, Mamaiacú, Jaguarari, among others). The hypothesis under investigation in this study is that Belém, in addition to being an economic and commercial hub, was also an artistic center providing models, working methods and technical expertise for the entire Jesuit artistic community in the Grão Pará. The title Tintas da Terra, Tintas do Reino summarizes the core idea underlying this thesis, namely that the Jesuit legacy in the art and architecture of the Grão Pará missions is the result of the work of europeans and indians, who in doing so resorted to their respective cultural traditions.

This research study analyzed the results of the Jesuit Universities Consortium in comparison with the results of the Catholic Colleges and Universities and the Council for Christian Colleges Consortia as measured by the 2005 National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) in order to determine and identify any statistically significant differences between the consortia. One-way ANOVA analyses and Tukey HSD post hoc comparisons were conducted on the data from freshmen/first year students and seniors/fourth year students on each of the five clusters of the NSSE to determine any statistically significant difference and, subsequently, the effect size of any found differences. The study found that there were statistically significant differences on the following: 1) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Academic Challenge, 2) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Catholic Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Enriching Educational Experiences, 3) freshmen/first year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the freshmen/first year students in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Supportive Campus Environment, 4) seniors/fourth year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the seniors/fourth year students in the Catholic Colleges and Universities Consortium on the NSSE cluster of Active and Collaborative Learning, and 5) seniors/fourth year students in the Jesuit Universities Consortium and the seniors/fourth year students in both of the Catholic Colleges and Universities and the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities Consortia on the NSSE cluster of Supportive Campus Environment. While statistically significant differences were found in the aforementioned analyses, effect sizes were small for all. Future research studies, including longitudinal studies, are needed to fully investigate levels of student engagement within the three consortia.

Seneca's Tragedies and their Reception in the Jesuit School Theatre of the Bohemian Province in the 17th and 18th Centuries (1623-1773) Eva Popelková Abstract The study of the reception of Seneca's tragedies in the Jesuit School theatre in the Bohemian province is focused on three aspects: the description of the mechanism and the expression of passions; the pedagogical issue linked to the figure of a tyrant, with an emphasis on female characters; and the image of pagan gods. The research is based on a comparison of Senecan tragedies and school plays from the Society of Jesus. The corpus consists of three parts: the printed plays of Carolus Kolczawa; the plays of Arnoldus Engel, both staged and intended for publication; and the plays devoted to John of Nepomuk, the emblematic saint of the Czech baroque period, which were not to be published. The analyses are preceded by an overview of the Senecan reception in the Early Modern Europe, the presentation of the Jesuit context and the studied corpus. Keywords Seneca, reception, Jesuit theatre, School theatre, Neo-Latin literature, Bohemian province, 17th century, 18th century

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No description available.

No description available.

Cette thèse est une étude analytique et comparative des conceptions éthiques autochtones, à travers des discours coloniaux de deux régions de l'Amérique : le Pérou et le Québec. Le but ultime de cette étude est permettre de découvrir les principes de ces éthiques des communautés autochtones et de les faire participer au débat et à la création d'éthiques interculturelles et écologiques pertinentes pour le monde contemporain. À cette fin, ce travail se consacre à l'étude des traditions orales autochtones, et plus particulièrement à la littérature de source orale coloniale. Plus précisément, nous étudions deux chroniques coloniales autochtones des Andes : le Manuscrit de Huarochirí et la Relation de Joan Santa Cruz Pachacuti, ainsi que les relations de deux missionnaires jésuites en Nouvelle-France : Paul Lejeune et Jean de Brébeuf. Étant donné que ces textes ne peuvent être considérés comme des transcriptions littérales des traditions orales autochtones, nous optons pour une méthodologie qui prend en compte à la fois les locus de l'énonciation, les traditions discursives et les processus de textualisation de la mémoire, ainsi que les relations contextuelles (référentielles, intertextuelles et interpersonnelles) et les instances d’une analyse « éthicologique ». Du côté des textes des Andes, des dynamiques éthiques synthétisées comme une « éthique de la réciprocité » sont dégagées. Cette dernière se veut hautement écologique, prend en considération la cohabitation avec toutes les entités de l’environnement (humaines et non humaines) et, par conséquent, peut être considérée comme un effort pour répondre aux défis imposés par le contexte dans lequel elles vivent. En ce qui concerne les textes québécois, leurs principes éthiques se résument en une « éthique du respect », celle-ci pouvant également être considérée comme une éthique écologique. De fait, on y observe l’absence d’une réelle séparation entre l’être humain et les autres entités de son milieu, remplacée par une continuité fluide de relations entre celles-ci, formant un « cercle sacré » de relations. À partir de ces résultats, un bilan comparatif est dressé et montre que les différences sont pour la plupart de nature formelle. En effet, les éthiques sont ancrées dans des réalités sociohistoriques différentes puisqu’elles se réfèrent à différents environnements et aux coutumes qui y sont reliés. En termes de similitudes, celles-ci se résument au concept de « cosmoéthique du cercle » qui révèle une conception de l'éthique comme un processus dynamique mettant en jeu non seulement les humains, mais aussi l'environnement et ce qui échappe à l’appréhension palpable du monde. Enfin, une tentative est faite, celle de donner une perspective à certains principes dégagés lors des analyses, montrant qu’elles peuvent impliquer une complexité parfois niée ou écartée par certains philosophes occidentaux contemporains. Ainsi, ce travail montre que l’étude de discours proprement autochtones est une porte d’accès à leurs manières de concevoir l’éthique et peut donc contribuer au travail interculturel de la philosophie et, plus précisément de l’éthique. / This thesis is a comparative study of indigenous ethical conceptions, through the analysis of colonial discourses from two regions of the Americas: Peru and Quebec. The aim of this study is to discover the principles of indigenous ethics and have these participate in the creation of and discussion about intercultural and ecological ethics that are relevant to the contemporary world. To this end, this paper is devoted to the study of indigenous oral traditions, and more particularly to colonial literatures based on oral sources. Specifically, we study two indigenous colonial chronicles from the Andes: the Huarochiri Manuscript and the Relation, by Joan and Santa Cruz Pachacuti; we also examine the relations of two Jesuit missionaries in New France: Paul Lejeune and Jean de Brébeuf. Since these texts cannot be considered as direct transcriptions of indigenous oral traditions, we use a methodology that takes into account the locus of enunciation, discursive traditions and processes of textualization of memory; as well as contextual relationships (intertextual, referencial, and interpersonal) and the different instances of an “ethicologic” analysis. Regarding the Andean texts, ethical dynamics are highlighted and then synthesized as an “ethics of reciprocity”. This highly ecological ethics takes into consideration the coexistence of all environmental entities (human and non-human), and may be viewed as an effort of Andean people to respond to the specific challenges they faced. Concerning the texts from Quebec, the ethical principles identified may be summarized as an “ethics of respect”. These may also be viewed as an ecological ethics as they do not perceive a real separation between man and the other entities that inhabit their environment. Rather, they view the relationship between human and non-human entities as a fluid continuity that forms a “sacred circle”. Based on these results we draw a comparative assessment that demonstrates that the difference is mostly formal: ethics are anchored in different socio-historical realities related to environmental differences and the customs associated with these environments. Regarding the similarities between the Peruvian and Quebec indigenous ethics, they may be summarized by the concept of a “cosmoethics of the circle”. This reveals a conception of ethics as a dynamic process that brings into play not only humans, but also the environment, as well as that which escapes a palpable apprehension of the world. Finally, this thesis attempts to lend a perspective on some of the principles outlined in the analysis, by showing that they can involve a complexity that is at times denied or dismissed by contemporary Western philosophers. In summary, this dissertation shows that the study of indigenous discourses, or discourses which give a voice to indigenous people, is a gateway to their ways of thinking about ethics and therefore can contribute to the intercultural work of philosophy and ethics. / La presente tesis es un estudio analítico y comparativo de las concepciones éticas indígenas, a través de discursos coloniales de dos regiones de América: Perú y Quebec. La finalidad última de este estudio es la de permitir descubrir los principios de esas éticas indígenas y de hacerlas participar en el debate y creación de éticas interculturales y ecológicas pertinente al mundo contemporáneo. A ese fin, este trabajo se consagra al estudio de las tradiciones orales indígenas, y más particularmente al de la literatura de fuente oral colonial. Concretamente, se hace un estudio de dos crónicas coloniales indígenas de los Andes: el Manuscrito de Huarochirí y la Relación de Joan Santa Cruz Pachacuti; y de las relaciones de dos misioneros jesuitas en Nueva Francia: Paul Lejeune y Jean de Brébeuf. Puesto que estos textos no pueden ser considerados como trascripciones literales de las tradiciones orales indígenas, se ha optado por una metodología que toma en consideración tanto los locus de enunciación, las tradiciones discursivas y los procesos de textualización de la memoria, como las relaciones contextuales (intertextuales, referenciales e interpersonales) y las diferentes instancias de un análisis “eticológico”. Del lado de los textos andinos, se destacan dinámicas éticas que se sintetizan en una “ética de la reciprocidad”, ética altamente ecológica que toma en consideración el convivir con todas las entidades del entorno (humanas y no humanas) y, en consecuencia, que se puede considerar como un esfuerzo para responder a los desafíos impuestos por el contexto en el cual viven. Por lo que se refiere a los textos quebequenses, se identifican principios éticos que pueden ser resumidos como una “ética del respeto”, que también puede ser considerada como una ética ecológica, ya que no se concibe una real separación entre el ser humano y las demás entidades de su entorno, sino más bien una continuidad fluida de relaciones entre ellos, formando un “círculo sagrado” de relaciones. A partir de estos resultados, se elabora un balance comparativo que muestra que las diferencias son sobre todo de orden formal, ya que las éticas se anclan en realidades socio-históricas diferentes por tener que ver principalmente con las diferencias del medio ambiente y de las costumbres que les están asociadas. En cuanto a las similitudes, estas se resumen en el concepto de “cosmoética del círculo”, que releva una concepción de la ética como una dinámica que pone en juego no sólo a los humanos, sino también el medio ambiente y lo que escapa a la aprensión palpable del mundo. Para terminar, se intenta dar perspectiva a algunos principios destacados en el análisis, mostrando que pueden conllevar una complejidad que a veces es negada o descartada por los filósofos occidentales contemporáneos. Así, este trabajo muestra que el estudio de discursos propiamente indígenas, o que dan la palabra al indígena, es una puerta de acceso a sus maneras de concebir la ética y que, por tanto, puede contribuir en una labor intercultural de la filosofía y de la ética.