O presente trabalho avaliou a viabilidade do uso de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) provenientes da geração de dois traços de concretos distintos. Um Concreto Convencional-CC (traço em massa:1:2,94:3,56; a/c:0,61) utilizando cimento CP IV 32 e outro concreto de Alta Resistência-CAR (traço em massa:1:1,11:2; a/c: 0,22; com adição, aditivo e pó xadrez vermelho) utilizando cimento CP V-ARI. Após 28 dias de cura, 3 corpos de prova de cada traço foram submetidos ao ensaio de resistência a compressão axial apresentando em média para CC 21,02 MPa e para CAR 95,09 MPa. Os materiais de ambos os traços foram cominuídos através de um britador de mandíbula ajustado para granulometria menor que 19,1 mm e retido em 4,75 mm. Com isso, foram realizados ensaios de granulometria de cada traço, e misturados em volumes iguais para o beneficiamento do material. Os primeiros ensaios foram realizados no jigue a ar, porém os resultados apresentados foram insatisfatórios. Para o jigue à água ocorreu uma separação visível de 3 estágios (Topo, Meio e Fundo) Utilizando somente as camadas de topo e fundo, os agregados reciclados de concreto (ARC) foram utilizados para confecção de novos concretos. Os resultados apontaram que a aplicação do jigue à água possibilitou um beneficiamento do material para uso como agregado graúdo. Os ensaios de resistência à compressão, os concretos produzidos com a camada de fundo do agregado reciclado superaram os produzidos com agregado natural. Nos ensaios de módulo de elasticidade, os concretos com o agregado natural exibiram resultados melhores do que os reciclados do topo, porém para os concretos produzidos com os agregados do fundo, os módulos se igualaram aos dos concretos com agregado natural. No ensaio de absorção, o concreto reciclado mostrou uma absorção maior que o concreto natural. Para a carbonatação os concretos com agregados reciclados tiveram melhores resultados. As avaliações dos efeitos foram concludentes para o uso do jigue no beneficiamento do agregado reciclado de concreto (ARC). / The present work evaluates the feasibility of using Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) generated by two different concrete mixes, one being aconventional concrete-CC (mix:mass: 1:2, 94:3, 56, w/c: 0,61) using CP IV 32, and another being a high strength concrete - CAR (mix:mass: 1:1, 11:2, w/c: 0.22), with the addition of additive and red pigment) using cement CP V-ARI. After 28 days of curing, three test specimens of each concrete were submitted to the resistance test, presenting 21.02 MPa on average for CC and 95.09 Mpa for CAR. The materials of both mixes were comminuted by jaw crusher, and sieved to a particle size range of -19.1 mm + 4.75 mm. With this, granulometry, tests of each concrete were performed and the concretes were mixed in equal volumes for the application of the material processing. The first tests were performed by air jig, but the results were found to be unsatisfactory A visible separation of 3 stages (Top, Middle and Bottom) was achieved by use of water jig. Using only the top and bottom layers, Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) was added for the creation of new concrete. The results indicate that the application of the water jig made it possible to improve the material for use as a large aggregate. For the compressive strength tests, the concretes produced with the bottom layer of the recycled aggregate surpassed those produced with natural aggregate. In the modulus of elasticity tests, concretes with the natural aggregate presented better results than those recycled from the top. For the concretes produced with the bottom aggregates, the modules matched that of the concrete with natural aggregate. In the absorption test the recycled concrete showed a higher absorption than the natural concrete. For carbonation the recycled had better results. An evaluation of the results concludes in favor of the use of water jig for the recycling of concrete aggregates (RCA).

O presente trabalho avaliou a viabilidade do uso de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) provenientes da geração de dois traços de concretos distintos. Um Concreto Convencional-CC (traço em massa:1:2,94:3,56; a/c:0,61) utilizando cimento CP IV 32 e outro concreto de Alta Resistência-CAR (traço em massa:1:1,11:2; a/c: 0,22; com adição, aditivo e pó xadrez vermelho) utilizando cimento CP V-ARI. Após 28 dias de cura, 3 corpos de prova de cada traço foram submetidos ao ensaio de resistência a compressão axial apresentando em média para CC 21,02 MPa e para CAR 95,09 MPa. Os materiais de ambos os traços foram cominuídos através de um britador de mandíbula ajustado para granulometria menor que 19,1 mm e retido em 4,75 mm. Com isso, foram realizados ensaios de granulometria de cada traço, e misturados em volumes iguais para o beneficiamento do material. Os primeiros ensaios foram realizados no jigue a ar, porém os resultados apresentados foram insatisfatórios. Para o jigue à água ocorreu uma separação visível de 3 estágios (Topo, Meio e Fundo) Utilizando somente as camadas de topo e fundo, os agregados reciclados de concreto (ARC) foram utilizados para confecção de novos concretos. Os resultados apontaram que a aplicação do jigue à água possibilitou um beneficiamento do material para uso como agregado graúdo. Os ensaios de resistência à compressão, os concretos produzidos com a camada de fundo do agregado reciclado superaram os produzidos com agregado natural. Nos ensaios de módulo de elasticidade, os concretos com o agregado natural exibiram resultados melhores do que os reciclados do topo, porém para os concretos produzidos com os agregados do fundo, os módulos se igualaram aos dos concretos com agregado natural. No ensaio de absorção, o concreto reciclado mostrou uma absorção maior que o concreto natural. Para a carbonatação os concretos com agregados reciclados tiveram melhores resultados. As avaliações dos efeitos foram concludentes para o uso do jigue no beneficiamento do agregado reciclado de concreto (ARC). / The present work evaluates the feasibility of using Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) generated by two different concrete mixes, one being aconventional concrete-CC (mix:mass: 1:2, 94:3, 56, w/c: 0,61) using CP IV 32, and another being a high strength concrete - CAR (mix:mass: 1:1, 11:2, w/c: 0.22), with the addition of additive and red pigment) using cement CP V-ARI. After 28 days of curing, three test specimens of each concrete were submitted to the resistance test, presenting 21.02 MPa on average for CC and 95.09 Mpa for CAR. The materials of both mixes were comminuted by jaw crusher, and sieved to a particle size range of -19.1 mm + 4.75 mm. With this, granulometry, tests of each concrete were performed and the concretes were mixed in equal volumes for the application of the material processing. The first tests were performed by air jig, but the results were found to be unsatisfactory A visible separation of 3 stages (Top, Middle and Bottom) was achieved by use of water jig. Using only the top and bottom layers, Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) was added for the creation of new concrete. The results indicate that the application of the water jig made it possible to improve the material for use as a large aggregate. For the compressive strength tests, the concretes produced with the bottom layer of the recycled aggregate surpassed those produced with natural aggregate. In the modulus of elasticity tests, concretes with the natural aggregate presented better results than those recycled from the top. For the concretes produced with the bottom aggregates, the modules matched that of the concrete with natural aggregate. In the absorption test the recycled concrete showed a higher absorption than the natural concrete. For carbonation the recycled had better results. An evaluation of the results concludes in favor of the use of water jig for the recycling of concrete aggregates (RCA).

GÁŠEK Tomáš: The order processing by firm with usage of project management The project laboured within the field of study with the name "Production tech-nology and industrial management" describes some versions of the potential job order's progress in the manufactory at the firm "Speciální strojírna, a.s.". A customer asks for the batch production of the casts, that he will be order step by step for working in regular intervals. The part of the customer's plan is the optimalization of the production and the press of the price, that should be lower after the finishing of the production technology. Along with the correction of the price, a customer expects cutting of the delivery time with the fully quali-ty of the working. In the first version, without a wide preparation, is all working realized on the general-purpose machines. The second version focuses on the production with use of drilling jigs, that is constructed and produced by the firm itself. The input costs of this preparation at the production will be compensated with the major production times, that will be destage from the expensive borer to the cheaper drilling-machine. The last third version supposes setting of the CNC machining centres and therethrough it will be reach to huge saving of the major and minor production times by the working.

Thesis is dealing with the creation of robotic worplace and its periphery. The paper is discrabing the robotic function and kinematics. The practical part of the paper shows several types of suggested robotic workplaces followed by solution processing of one selected type, where technical documentation and the calculation of production is made. The end of the paper shows economical and technological evaluation of the selected type of workplace including the price returns.

Diploma thesis introduces the design of a functional part of a wine opener, focusing on simplicity and effectivity of the manufacturing process with the use of progressive stamping tool. The part will be made by technology of progressive cutting and bending. For the production of the specified part stainless steel coil marked as 17 241.4 will be used This material is suitable for the use in commercial gastronomy thanks to its qualities. Also in this thesis there are technical calculations, suggestios for of optimal tools, economic calculations, and technical-economic evaluation of the production of the specified part.

Cílem této práce bylo analyzovat současnou situaci technologického procesu montáže LED zdroje na světlomet automobilu a nalézt a navrhnout řešení ke snížení počtu výpadků ve výrobě. Technologický proces montáže zahrnuje umístění a upevnění LED zdroje (s interním označením „F-LUX“) na reflektor. Sestava musí splňovat požadovaný optický výstup a sériový takt linky. Na základě analýzy technologického procesu jsou navrženy optimalizace.

Fiske förekommer runt om i hela världen, men det utförs av många olika anledningar. Det kan vara ett yrke, en hobby eller ett sätt att få mat på bordet. Men oavsett syftet kan beten gå sönder, fastna eller lossna. I Norden tappar vi uppskattningsvis 28 miljoner beten varje år. Att beten lossnar är inte något som alla kan påverka eller undvika. Något som däremot går att ändra är vilka beten vi faktiskt använder oss av och vilka material de består av. Det finns en mängd olika fiskeutövare som skulle kunna dra nytta av ny forskning inom området och det är på tiden att vi anammar ett mer hållbart sportfiske. Studien undersöker hur ett ekologiskt hållbart fiskedrag i form av en jigg kan framtas genom en materialcentrerad designprocess. Med hjälp av materialdriven design och användarcentrerad design undersöks möjligheterna att ersätta syntetiska plaster med bioplaster, i ett mjukt plastbete. Designmetoder användes för att granska och bekräfta problemet med förlorade fiskedrag. Marknadsanalyser, deltagande observationer och intervjuer utfördes med verksamma inom sport- och hobbyfiske. Metoderna gav en bredare uppfattning av problemet och vilka förbättringsmöjligheter som fanns. Olika prototyper skissades och framtogs genom bioplaster. För att säkerställa att produkten lever upp till användarnas krav, genomgick prototyperna olika tester, samt utvärderas. Studien ger ett kunskapsbidrag om vilka material som fungerar och vilka som inte fungerar vid tillverkning av mjuka plastdrag. Den visar dessutom hur massproducerade formar skulle kunna uppmana hobbyfiskare att tillverka sina egna drag. Det framgår också hur man från grunden kan framställa egna fiskedrag genom ett DIY-projekt. Studien resulterar även i två bionedbrytbara produkter. En produkt för abborrefiske och en för gäddfiske. / Fishing occurs throughout the entire planet, but it occurs for different reasons. It could be a profession, a hobby or a livelihood. Regardless, the bait can break, get stuck or get loose. In the North we lose around 28 million baits every year. The fact that lures is not something that everyone can influence or avoid. However, something that can be changed, is which lures we use and which materials they are made of. There are a variety of anglers who could benefit from new research in this field, and it is about time we embrace a more sustainable sport fishing. This study examines how an ecologically sustainable fishing lure in the shape of a jig, can be produced through a material centered design process. With material driven design and user centered design, this study investigates the possibilities of replacing synthetic plastics with bioplastics in a soft plastic bait. Several design methods were used to research and confirm the problem of lost fishing lures. Market analyses, participant observations and interviews were done with people active in sport- and hobby fishing. These methods gave a broader perception of the problem and which opportunities there are. Different prototypes were sketched and then made by bioplastics. The prototypes were evaluated through different tests, to ensure that the products will live up to the requirements presented by the users. This study provides knowledge about which materials work, and which do not when manufacturing soft plastic features. It also shows how mass-produced molds could encourage hobby anglers to make their own lures. It’s also shown how you can make your own fishing lures from scratch, through a DIY project. The study also results in two biodegradable products. One product for perch fishing and one for pike fishing.

A cadeia da construção civil é uma grande causadora de impactos ambientais, pois além do alto consumo de recursos naturais gera também grandes quantidades de resíduos. Isto traz elevados custos à sociedade pela necessidade de remoção e destinação dos resíduos, normalmente depositados em aterros. A reciclagem tem sido uma alternativa para redução do volume de resíduos finais. Estudos utilizando agregados reciclados de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) para a produção de concreto têm sido realizados por vários pesquisadores indicando viabilidade técnica da sua aplicação. No entanto, há dúvidas que dificultam a implementação do uso de resíduos reciclados dada a grande variabilidade das suas propriedades devido à variação de sua constituição que é muito influenciada pela origem dos mesmos. Assim, alguns tratamentos são propostos com a intenção de otimizar o desempenho do concreto produzido com estes agregados reciclados. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar a influência dessas variabilidades dos agregados de RCD reciclados nas propriedades do concreto estrutural. Esses agregados foram provenientes das cidades de Macaé e São Paulo, ambos submetidos aos mesmos tipos de tratamento: (a) britagem e (b) britagem e separação densitária (jigue), atendendo a mesma faixa granulométrica de -19+4,8 mm. No programa experimental, foi utilizada a metodologia de dosagem convencional para a avaliação do comportamento mecânico do concreto reciclado. Neste estudo, os agregados foram utilizados sem pré-saturação, o que possibilitou o preenchimento de parte dos poros dos agregados pela pasta de cimento. Tal procedimento contribuiu para uma menor diferença relativa de desempenho do concreto convencional em relação ao produzido com agregados reciclados, principalmente para os concretos com maior relação água/cimento. Foram analisados os resultados de resistência à compressão, resistência à tração por compressão diametral, módulo de elasticidade, absorção de água, índice Binder Intensity e ensaio de ultra-som. Comprovou-se que a porosidade dos agregados é o fator principal de influência no comportamento do concreto. Já a origem dos agregados foi um fator secundário dado que os mesmos apresentavam diferentes porosidades em função da cidade onde foram obtidos. A separação densitária possibilitou a aproximação do comportamento dos agregados de diferentes origens por aproximar a porosidade dos mesmos. / The civil construction industry is a great producer of environment impacts. It also generates great amounts of residues, further the high consumption of natural resources. This fact brings high costs to society due to the need of residues removing and disposal, which typically occurs in landfills. Recycling has been an alternative to reduce the volume of residues. Studies using recycled aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) to produce concrete have been carried out by several researchers, indicating that is technically feasible in terms of application. However, there are questions that turns difficult the implementation of the use of recycled residues, due to the great variability of their properties as a result of the variation of their constitution, which is strongly influenced by their origin. Thus, a few treatments are proposed, aiming at optimizing the performance of these recycled aggregates to produce concrete. The present work aims at assessing the influence of the recycled CDW aggregates on the properties of structural concrete. These aggregates originated from the cities of Macaé and São Paulo, and both were submitted to the same type of treatment: (a) crushing and (b) crushing and density separation (jig), complying with the same granulometric range of -19+4.8 mm. The conventional mix design methodology was used in the experimental program to assess the concrete behavior and the influence of the recycled material. The aggregates were used in this study without being pre-saturated, which allowed filling up part the pores of the aggregates with cement paste. Such procedure contributed for a smaller relative difference on the performance of the conventional concrete and that one produced with recycled aggregates, especially the concrete with a higher water/cement ratio. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, elastic modulus, water absorption, Binder Intensity index and measuring of ultrasonic testing were analyzed. The porosity of the aggregate was proved to be a prevalent factor influencing the behavior of the concrete. The origin of the aggregates was a secondary factor because they had different porosities according to the city where they were obtained. The density separation allowed the reduction of the difference in behavior between the concretes produced with aggregates from different origins by approaching their porosity.

Buildup dose of Mega Voltage (MV) photon beams can be a limiting factor in intensitymodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatments. Excessive doses can cause patient discomfort and treatment interruptions, while underdosing may lead to local failure. Many factors which contribute to buildup dose, including the photon beam energy spectrum, scattered or contaminant radiation and their angular distribution, are not modeled well in commercial treatment planning systems. The accurate Monte Carlo method was employed in the studies to estimate the doses. Buildup dose of 6MV photon beams was investigated for three fundamentally different IMRT modalities: between Helical TomoTherapy and traditional opposed tangential beams, solid IMRT and multileaf collimator (MLC)-based IMRT techniques. Solid IMRT, as an alternative to MLC, achieves prescription dose distribution objectives, according to our study. Measurements and Monte Carlo calculations of buildup dose in chest wall treatment were compared between TomoTherapy IMRT and traditional tangential-beam technique. The effect of bolus in helical delivery was also investigated in this study. In addition, measurements and Monte Carlo calculations of buildup dose in solid IMRT and MLC based IMRT treatment modalities were compared. A brass step compensator was designed and built for the solid IMRT. Matching MLC step sequences were used for the MLC IMRT. This dissertation also presents the commissioning of a Monte Carlo code system, BEAMnrc, for a Varian Trilogy linear accelerator (LINAC) and the application in buildup dose calculation. Scattered dose components, MLC component dose and mean spectral energy for the IMRT treatment techniques were analyzed. The agreement between measured 6MV and calculated depth dose and beam profiles was (± 1% or ±1 mm) for 10x10 and 40x40 cm2 fields. The optimum electron beam energy and its radial distribution incident on tungsten target were found to be 6 MeV and 1 mm respectively. The helical delivery study concluded that buildup dose is higher with TomoTherapy compared to the opposed tangential technique in chest wall treatment. The solid and MLC IMRT comparison concluded that buildup dose was up to 7% lower for solid IMRT compared to MLC IMRT due to beam hardening of brass.

A cadeia da construção civil é uma grande causadora de impactos ambientais, pois além do alto consumo de recursos naturais gera também grandes quantidades de resíduos. Isto traz elevados custos à sociedade pela necessidade de remoção e destinação dos resíduos, normalmente depositados em aterros. A reciclagem tem sido uma alternativa para redução do volume de resíduos finais. Estudos utilizando agregados reciclados de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) para a produção de concreto têm sido realizados por vários pesquisadores indicando viabilidade técnica da sua aplicação. No entanto, há dúvidas que dificultam a implementação do uso de resíduos reciclados dada a grande variabilidade das suas propriedades devido à variação de sua constituição que é muito influenciada pela origem dos mesmos. Assim, alguns tratamentos são propostos com a intenção de otimizar o desempenho do concreto produzido com estes agregados reciclados. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar a influência dessas variabilidades dos agregados de RCD reciclados nas propriedades do concreto estrutural. Esses agregados foram provenientes das cidades de Macaé e São Paulo, ambos submetidos aos mesmos tipos de tratamento: (a) britagem e (b) britagem e separação densitária (jigue), atendendo a mesma faixa granulométrica de -19+4,8 mm. No programa experimental, foi utilizada a metodologia de dosagem convencional para a avaliação do comportamento mecânico do concreto reciclado. Neste estudo, os agregados foram utilizados sem pré-saturação, o que possibilitou o preenchimento de parte dos poros dos agregados pela pasta de cimento. Tal procedimento contribuiu para uma menor diferença relativa de desempenho do concreto convencional em relação ao produzido com agregados reciclados, principalmente para os concretos com maior relação água/cimento. Foram analisados os resultados de resistência à compressão, resistência à tração por compressão diametral, módulo de elasticidade, absorção de água, índice Binder Intensity e ensaio de ultra-som. Comprovou-se que a porosidade dos agregados é o fator principal de influência no comportamento do concreto. Já a origem dos agregados foi um fator secundário dado que os mesmos apresentavam diferentes porosidades em função da cidade onde foram obtidos. A separação densitária possibilitou a aproximação do comportamento dos agregados de diferentes origens por aproximar a porosidade dos mesmos. / The civil construction industry is a great producer of environment impacts. It also generates great amounts of residues, further the high consumption of natural resources. This fact brings high costs to society due to the need of residues removing and disposal, which typically occurs in landfills. Recycling has been an alternative to reduce the volume of residues. Studies using recycled aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) to produce concrete have been carried out by several researchers, indicating that is technically feasible in terms of application. However, there are questions that turns difficult the implementation of the use of recycled residues, due to the great variability of their properties as a result of the variation of their constitution, which is strongly influenced by their origin. Thus, a few treatments are proposed, aiming at optimizing the performance of these recycled aggregates to produce concrete. The present work aims at assessing the influence of the recycled CDW aggregates on the properties of structural concrete. These aggregates originated from the cities of Macaé and São Paulo, and both were submitted to the same type of treatment: (a) crushing and (b) crushing and density separation (jig), complying with the same granulometric range of -19+4.8 mm. The conventional mix design methodology was used in the experimental program to assess the concrete behavior and the influence of the recycled material. The aggregates were used in this study without being pre-saturated, which allowed filling up part the pores of the aggregates with cement paste. Such procedure contributed for a smaller relative difference on the performance of the conventional concrete and that one produced with recycled aggregates, especially the concrete with a higher water/cement ratio. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, elastic modulus, water absorption, Binder Intensity index and measuring of ultrasonic testing were analyzed. The porosity of the aggregate was proved to be a prevalent factor influencing the behavior of the concrete. The origin of the aggregates was a secondary factor because they had different porosities according to the city where they were obtained. The density separation allowed the reduction of the difference in behavior between the concretes produced with aggregates from different origins by approaching their porosity.