In 1951, Education Code section 6903 was passed by the California State Legislature making it permissive for school departments to organize and conduct educational and training programs for severely mentally retarded children. In 1953 the first such program was established by the office of the San Joaquin County Superintendent of Schools. SInce that date, three additional programs have been added to serve these children in rural areas of the aforementioned county. The program is designed to serve mentally deficient, or severely mentally retarded children. “Mental deficiency can be defined in the socio-economic sense as a permanent condition of mental nondevelopment, arrest, deficiency or deterioration existing form an early age and which always affects the intelligence, judgment, and the capacity for social adjustment, and economic efficiency.” However, as previously stated, the parents objectives are not the primary concern of this study. The investigator feels that these groups exist and carry on with an organized program for additional reasons, which are: (1) To aid in the adjustment of the parents to the shock of having a retarded child by giving a sense of belonging, and identification to the people who have the same problems.; (2) To have a channeling agent for anxieties.; (3) To develop greater understanding, acceptance for, and cooperation with the school program. Such understanding, acceptance, and cooperation implies that the parents will be inclined to follow through with continued training of the child at home.

It has been the object of the writer to compile as complete a bibliography, as the time allowed, on the History of the Deep Water Project at Stockton, California. ... The thesis proper has been directed to cover the major attempts to deepen the water channel from Stockton to San Francisco. Much of this material is not in a form to be readily accessible to the layman so I have included a great deal of it in the form of an Appendix; thus bringing it together, but not making it necessary for the reader to review it unless he or she feels the need of so doing. I believe that the field of research regarding this problem has merely been "scratched along the surface," and it offers to the student and the community at large an opportunity to study "conflicting interests" and economic history in general.

Peelminer, Marmara gulosa Davis and Guillén, has been reported as a sporadic pest in California and Arizona since 1998. Marmara gulosa has been a persistent pest in the San Joaquin Valley of California (USA) since 1998. Prior to 2000 the only reports of high populations of citrus peelminer were in the Coachella Valley. The larval stages of M. gulosa create serpentine mines scarring the upper epidermal layers of citrus rind, rendering it unacceptable for fresh market sale. Chemicals have failed to provide adequate control of M. gulosa; thus, the use of natural enemies is considered the best long-term option. Cirrospilus coachellae Gates (Eulophidae: Eulophinae) is an effective gregarious parasite of peelminer in the Coachella Valley; however, attempts to establish this species in the San Joaquin Valley have so far been unsuccessful. Other natural enemies may be necessary to control peelminer in this region. The discovery of populations of the tetrastichine eulophid Hadrotrichodes waukheon LaSalle parasitizing M. gulosa in the San Joaquin Valley indicates a possible option for biological control of this pest. Hadrotrichodes waukheon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) is a parasite of M. gulosa. Newly discovered morphological variations within the species are reported, including the first description of the male. New biological information including preferred life stage of host for parasitism, clutch sizes, male to female ratios and meconial positioning are included. Field studies demonstrated that one to four adult H. waukheon could emerge from a single M. gulosa larva, and later instar M. gulosa larvae were preferred. Hadrotrichodes waukheon is a gregarious, primary parasitoid and may be a candidate agent for biological control of M. gulosa.

The primary motivation of this study is to estimate the current and future flood hazard throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in the context of sea-level rise. I also analyzed the effects of storm surge and river flow on extreme events to better understand how these events originate and vary spatially and in time. To address this goal, I combined digital water level records (primarily 1983-present) with archival data collected by the California Department of Water Resources (1929-1983) to reevaluate flood hazard in the Delta and investigate the possible sensitivity of the region different sea-level rise projections. Available archival records from 8 stations were digitized and quality assured, producing a length of record that approximately doubles previously available data. The records were then analyzed using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Generalized Pareto distributions (GPD). Additionally, the contribution of storm surge and river flow to water level events at each station was assessed using a regression approach. Finally, the impact of future sea-level rise on the 1-, 10-, 100-, and 500-year return period water level was assessed through 2150, using recently published sea-level rise projections. Results show that the total water level (tides + storm surge + river flow) during the 100-year event increases by roughly 0.5m between San Francisco and interior Delta stations such as Rio Vista and Venice Island. For present-day sea-levels, the 100y event increased from 2.59 meters at San Francisco to 3.08 meters at Rio Vista (river-km 100from the Golden Gate), using the GPD approach (relative to NAVD-88). Further upstream, river influence becomes an increasingly important component of high-water events. At Walnut Grove (river-km 123), more than 80% of high-water events were forced by river flow, as estimated by the Net Delta Outflow Index (on average). The water level caused by river flow was significantly higher than coastal surge, and the 100y event was estimated to be 4.71 meters (NAVD-88). Confidence intervals and uncertainty in the flood hazard increases as stations become more influenced by river flow, likely because river flow is more variable from year-to-year than the combination of coastal tides and storm surge. The largest high-water events measured in the Delta typically receive a larger contribution from river flow than smaller high-water events. Interestingly, GEV and GPD results are consistent with an earlier assessment of flood hazard in the Delta from the 1970s. Results show that future flood hazard is likely to be significantly influenced by sea-level rise, particularly in the western Delta region which is more coastally influenced. Under the assumption that sea-level rise will linearly add to existing flood hazard, I find that the 100-year event could reach 4.09 meters at San Francisco and 6.21 meters at Walnut Grove by the end of the century, under the “Intermediate-High” sea-level rise scenario. Based on available flood datums, the first flood stage datum may get exceeded once every 10 years by 2150, under the Intermediate scenario. However, since much of the interior Delta is subsiding, individual locations may reach actionable hazard levels earlier. More analysis with sea-level rise, changing precipitation patterns, and vertical land motion should be done to increase the accuracy of projected flood hazards.

This thesis is the story of the development of the Catholic Church in San Joaquin County and the adjacent areas that were served by the pioneer clergymen of Stockton 1 s St. Mary's Church from approximately 1851 to 186). These first dozen years of Central California Catholicism cover the pastorates of Stockton's first four priests: Fathers Dominic Blaive, Cornelius Delahunty, Robert Maurice, and Joseph Gallagher. These dozen years mark the transition of Stockton from a hectic supply center for the Southern Mines to a stable community whose economy became, based upon the agricultural production of its surrounding rural areas. These first four pastors, then, witnessed the development of the early American Catholic Church from its infancy as a mission when Abbe Blaive arrived in Stockton from his native France, to its maturity as a stable.and respected community church under the spiritual direction of the American, Father Joseph Gallagher.

The primary motivation of this study is to analyze the 1D-2DH hydrodynamic model of the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (SFBD) outlined in Nederhoff et al. (2021). I compared model water level data to 70 tidal records from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the California Data Exchange Center (CDEC), and from local municipalities throughout the Bay Area to investigate how the model captures water levels and tidal constituent amplitudes. While the Nederhoff et al (2017) model analyzed an extended time period from 1950-2019, I analyzed M2 amplitude and tidal water levels for the water year of 2017 (WY2017) with a larger dataset that extended into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Because WY2017 was a high river flow year for the Sacramento Delta, the model was able to be evaluated throughout a large range of flow regimes. I used harmonic analysis through the MATLAB package UTide (Codiga et al. 2011) to assess the model’s ability to replicate M2 amplitudes. I assessed the error for these M2 values as well as for tidal water levels. The average RMSE for M2 amplitude is 0.111 m across the entire model domain during WY2017, performing fairly consistent throughout the model. The one exception being the shallow and complex Grizzly Bay, which performed significantly worse, with RMSE values around 0.5 m. The model better replicated water levels in the 2DH grid representation of the San Francisco Bay ( Attempts to improve the model were mostly unsuccessful. I tried to increase the grid resolution at the Carquinez Strait to improve tidal propagation upstream, but altering the grid caused the coupling between the 2DH grid and 1D network to detach. This prevented the propagation of water flow in either direction at the coupling near Collinsville. The software required to fix this coupling was non-standard and unavailable for my usage, so I was unable to resolve the issue. I also attempted to create a new wind forcing file using in-situ data rather than the ERA5 reanalysis. This new wind forcing made negligible difference in water level and M2 model skill. An experiment in removing river flow showed that riverine impacts on elevating extreme water levels only have effects (>0.05 m) east of the Carquinez Strait. Extreme water levels west of this point in the San Pablo, Central, and South Bays are dominated by tides, storm surge, and to a lesser extent local wind. A decrease in tidal amplitude by river flow potentially decreases flood risk in some parts of the Bay during times of high outflow from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. I also investigated maximum equilibrium effects of constant wind in the two prevailing wind directions (southerly and westerly) of the San Francisco Bay. The wind setup effect become more prominent (>0.05 m) at and above a steady 10 m/s in both directions. This study also showed that wind likely exerts a small influence on tidal properties, especially for winds greater than 10 m/s.

The dynamics of zooplankton and phytoplankton growth and interactions play a significant role in water quality (e.g., pH and dissolved oxygen [DO]) and the available food supply for higher order organisms in the San Joaquin River Delta. Algae have been shown to significantly impact DO concentrations in the Deep Water Ship Channel (DWSC) of the San Joaquin River (SJR) estuary. Zooplankton grazing is one of the important mechanisms that influence the fate and spatial distribution of algae, and therefore, may contribute to DO deficits that adversely impact aquatic habitat and salmonid migration in the SJR estuary. Numerical water quality models developed to simulate and predict dissolved oxygen in the SJR rely on mathematical algorithms that link chemical and biological mechanisms. Due to the complexity of natural systems, calibrating these models is challenging and often requires independent investigations to estimate input parameters, such as zooplankton grazing and algal growth rates. This investigation explored the applicability of three methods to quantify the rates that zooplankton graze on algae populations in the SJR. Zooplankton grazing studies were performed in the DWSC of the SJR from June 2012 through July 2013. Light and dark bottle microcosm studies using the dilution method, the food-removal method, and the grazer concentration method were tested. A modified microcosm approach similar to the grazer concentration method was developed that yielded changes in chlorophyll a concentrations that were sufficient to separate zooplankton grazing from algal growth and respiration. Microcosms contained zooplankton concentrations that were up to 30 times higher than natural, background levels. Zooplankton grazing rates were consistent in both magnitude and variability with literature values reported for other waters, ranging from 0.295-3.404-m 3 gC -1 d -1 and 0.006-1.413-m 3 gC -1 d -1 for light and dark bottle microcosms, respectively.

This qualitative collective case study explored how four female Latina teachers in the Central San Joaquin Valley acquired and developed the noncognitive trait of grit. Additionally, this study explored how the manifestation of this noncognitive trait of grit is demonstrated by these teachers with students in their classrooms. Through a series of interviews, and classroom observations with annotated field notes, I examined the life experiences and professional educational background of participants in order to highlight factors that are contributory and fundamental in the underpinnings of how grit developed in each of their lives. I examined and analyzed distinctive traits, specific influences, and behaviors. The theoretical framework developed by Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews and Kelly (2007) provided the background structure to help in understanding the noncognitive trait of grit. This exploration extended current scholarship on grit by exploring one specific cultural and gendered-subset of teachers to aid in the understanding of how grit emerges in teachers deemed exceptional. This qualitative case study addresses the following questions: 1. From the perspective of four female Latina teachers, what is grit? 2. From the perspectives of four female Latina teachers, in what ways has grit been acquired, developed and demonstrated? 3. From the perspective of four female Latina teachers, how has gender and race shaped their experiences in grit? 4. From the perspectives of four female Latina teachers, and as evidenced by student outcomes, how does the trait of grit impact teacher effectiveness?

Among the questions that drew attention were these. Are San Joaquin County's juvenile delinquents the sane as, or different than those found elsewhere? that happens to the youngster after the police refer him on into the corrections structure? What are the criteria by which decisions are made? Who makes the decisions? What services are offered? What facilities does San Joaquin County have in which to treat the juvenile? What services are offered in the institutions? In view of the current levels of knowledge, is our county doing an adequate job? Statistics are cited as necessary to delineate the source, nature and size of San Joaquin County's delinquency problem. Internal problems and assets of the Probation Department that affect the juveniles are evaluated, and these include such items as caseloads, personnel turnover and the new Special Supervision program. Detention facilities will be examined with an eye to adequacy and efficiency. If found necessary, recommendations will be made. It is not anticipated that all of the obvious questions can be answered, but it is anticipated that a study can be produced that will be of some value to the community generally, and to the county government in particular.

Evaluation of many records is the only way valid judgments can be made on abundance and status. The necessity of obtaining exact dates, localities, numbers, and special weather conditions cannot be overemphasized. For this reason, records in supplement to this list are freely solicited. The present checklist includes all species and subspecies for which specimens exist. In some instances sight records have been adequate reason for including a species on the list when no specimen existed. Sight records for species which are difficult to identify have been admitted upon careful editing. The author has followed the policy outlined by Griscom (1922) with regard to acceptance of sight records. Answers are sought to six questions about the person reporting an unusual sighting.: (1) Is he familiar with the birds of his area?; (2) Is he aware of the importance of his observation?; (3) Has he ever seen the species before?; (4) Does he know the species with which it might be confused?; (5) Does his account show that circumstances were good for a proper identification?; and (6) Did he recognize it at once, or look it up later from memory?