The specific problem of this study was to develop a five-year budget for the San Joaquin Delta Community College District. The choice of a five-year budget was made by the administration after studying the advantages and disadvantages of. shorter and longer term budgets. A term of less than five years did not meet the objectives of the college for the building and educational programs. A ten-year budget would necessarily be less accurate, since the longer the projection, the more vague and theoretical it becomes. The purposes of this study were to: (1) review the literature pertaining to long-range budgeting, (2) examine the practices of long-range budgeting of other community college districts in California, (3) obtain data to be used in developing a long-range budget, (4) develop a continuing long-range budget for San Joaquin Delta·Community College District, and (5} make recommendations resulting from the study.

As early as February, 1942, fears of an agricultural labor shortage began to be expressed in California. The Pacific Southwest Area Committee of the Young Men’s Christian Association asserts in a statement of policy on Emergency Harvest Camps, “The California State Chamber of Commerce’s Central Coast Council’s Agricultural Committee points out that ‘the removal of enemy aliens from coastal areas, the absorption of migrant workers into defense industries, and increased government quotas for the production of many crops has created a serious agricultural problem.’ (News release, February 28, 1942).” In San Joaquin County 5,000 Japanese were evacuated. Most of these were farm workers. This made it necessary for 23,709 acres in production to be taken over by outside sources. As most farmers in San Joaquin County had increased acreage in response to President Roosevelt’s and the United States Department of Agriculture’s plea for increased production to aid in the “food for victory drive”, the threatened shortage of farm labor was a matter of much concern to many of them.

The San Joaquin Valley is part of the Great Central Valley of California, a major agricultural centre and food supplier for the United States. This area has significant water management concerns given the very high water demand for an increasing state population and for intense irrigation in a hot, temperate to semi-arid climate where the overall rate of evapotranspiration (ET) is high, and the overall rate of precipitation is low. Irrigation heavily relies upon groundwater and surface water extractions. Through the historical and current concerns of regional water resources reliability, land surface subsidence, water quality issues, and the health of ecosystems, a need for regional-scale water resource management and planning has developed. The physically-based surface-subsurface HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model is used to examine the regional-scale hydrologic budget of a large portion of the San Joaquin Valley. The objective of this investigation is to develop a steady-state groundwater-surface water model of the San Joaquin Valley representative of predevelopment hydrologic conditions. The groundwater-surface water system has undergone drastic changes since the employment of groundwater and surface water extractions for irrigation and mining, and is still responding to past and present stresses. The only certain stable initial condition must therefore be that of the natural system. The model input parameters were constrained by all relevant available hydrologic data. The model was not calibrated to subsurface hydraulic heads or river flows. However, the model does provide a fair match between simulated and actual estimated water table elevations. Historic river flow estimates were not used to calibrate the model, because data consistent with that collected by Hall (1886) and representative of the natural system were not available. For this investigation, water enters through precipitation and the inflow of major rivers only. The subsurface domain is bounded by no-flow boundaries, and groundwater is therefore only able to exit the subsurface through discharge to surface water features or through ET. Surface water is only able to exit the model through discharge via the San Joaquin River and through ET. Average river inflows circa 1878 to 1884 documented by Hall (1886) were applied where the rivers enter into the valley. The spatially variable average rate of precipitation (years 1971 to 2000) from a PRISM dataset was applied to the top of the model. The spatially variable long term average potential ET rates from the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) et al. (1999) were applied to the top of the model. Averaged overland flow parameters and vegetation factors needed to calculate actual ET were specified at the top of the model based on literature values and the 1874 spatial distribution of natural vegetation provided by California State University at Chico et al. (2003). Hydrogeological data including hydraulic conductivities, porosities, specific storage, and unsaturated zone properties are based on literature values from other relevant studies. The resulting steady state model is therefore characterized by historical long term average data assumed to be representative (as close as possible) of the flow system circa 1848. Results indicate that the natural hydrologic setting of the San Joaquin Valley is a complex one. Complex hydrologic processes, including significant groundwater-surface water interaction along the major rivers and within wetland areas formed by flooded surface water, as well as ET and impacted root zone processes were identified in the model domain. Identification and simulation of the complex recharge and discharge relationships in the model domain sheds insight into the hydrologic nature of some historic natural wetlands. Evapotranspiration is a very significant sink of both surface water and groundwater (44.8 % of the water balance input), and has a major impact on hydrologic processes in the root zone. The presence and path of the major rivers in the domain are well defined in the model output and agree well with their actual locations. The model simulates gaining and losing reaches of the major rivers, replicating the historic recharge-discharge relationship documented by others. The general location, formation, and hydrologic processes of some significant wetlands simulated by the model have a fair agreement with historical records. As mentioned above, there is also a fair match between simulated and actual estimated water table elevations. Successful simulation of the complex hydrologic processes and features that characterize the predevelopment hydrologic conditions of the San Joaquin Valley and that resolve the water balance of the natural system underscores the importance and necessity of using an integrated model. This steady state model should serve as a reasonable initial condition for future transient runs that bring the model up to current hydrologic conditions capable of estimating present and future water budgets.

The San Joaquin Valley is part of the Great Central Valley of California, a major agricultural centre and food supplier for the United States. This area has significant water management concerns given the very high water demand for an increasing state population and for intense irrigation in a hot, temperate to semi-arid climate where the overall rate of evapotranspiration (ET) is high, and the overall rate of precipitation is low. Irrigation heavily relies upon groundwater and surface water extractions. Through the historical and current concerns of regional water resources reliability, land surface subsidence, water quality issues, and the health of ecosystems, a need for regional-scale water resource management and planning has developed. The physically-based surface-subsurface HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model is used to examine the regional-scale hydrologic budget of a large portion of the San Joaquin Valley. The objective of this investigation is to develop a steady-state groundwater-surface water model of the San Joaquin Valley representative of predevelopment hydrologic conditions. The groundwater-surface water system has undergone drastic changes since the employment of groundwater and surface water extractions for irrigation and mining, and is still responding to past and present stresses. The only certain stable initial condition must therefore be that of the natural system. The model input parameters were constrained by all relevant available hydrologic data. The model was not calibrated to subsurface hydraulic heads or river flows. However, the model does provide a fair match between simulated and actual estimated water table elevations. Historic river flow estimates were not used to calibrate the model, because data consistent with that collected by Hall (1886) and representative of the natural system were not available. For this investigation, water enters through precipitation and the inflow of major rivers only. The subsurface domain is bounded by no-flow boundaries, and groundwater is therefore only able to exit the subsurface through discharge to surface water features or through ET. Surface water is only able to exit the model through discharge via the San Joaquin River and through ET. Average river inflows circa 1878 to 1884 documented by Hall (1886) were applied where the rivers enter into the valley. The spatially variable average rate of precipitation (years 1971 to 2000) from a PRISM dataset was applied to the top of the model. The spatially variable long term average potential ET rates from the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) et al. (1999) were applied to the top of the model. Averaged overland flow parameters and vegetation factors needed to calculate actual ET were specified at the top of the model based on literature values and the 1874 spatial distribution of natural vegetation provided by California State University at Chico et al. (2003). Hydrogeological data including hydraulic conductivities, porosities, specific storage, and unsaturated zone properties are based on literature values from other relevant studies. The resulting steady state model is therefore characterized by historical long term average data assumed to be representative (as close as possible) of the flow system circa 1848. Results indicate that the natural hydrologic setting of the San Joaquin Valley is a complex one. Complex hydrologic processes, including significant groundwater-surface water interaction along the major rivers and within wetland areas formed by flooded surface water, as well as ET and impacted root zone processes were identified in the model domain. Identification and simulation of the complex recharge and discharge relationships in the model domain sheds insight into the hydrologic nature of some historic natural wetlands. Evapotranspiration is a very significant sink of both surface water and groundwater (44.8 % of the water balance input), and has a major impact on hydrologic processes in the root zone. The presence and path of the major rivers in the domain are well defined in the model output and agree well with their actual locations. The model simulates gaining and losing reaches of the major rivers, replicating the historic recharge-discharge relationship documented by others. The general location, formation, and hydrologic processes of some significant wetlands simulated by the model have a fair agreement with historical records. As mentioned above, there is also a fair match between simulated and actual estimated water table elevations. Successful simulation of the complex hydrologic processes and features that characterize the predevelopment hydrologic conditions of the San Joaquin Valley and that resolve the water balance of the natural system underscores the importance and necessity of using an integrated model. This steady state model should serve as a reasonable initial condition for future transient runs that bring the model up to current hydrologic conditions capable of estimating present and future water budgets.

This Northern California single case qualitative study used Critical Race Theory as a framework for examining the perspectives of African American administrators on improving graduation rates of African American male public high school students in San Joaquin County. Barriers to graduation completion in San Joaquin County public high schools continue to leave stakeholders looking for solutions to change the status quo for African American male high schools students. Ten San Joaquin County African American male and female administrators (identified by pseudonyms) from various public elementary, middle, and high schools were interviewed individually. Participants' responses were categorized into themes according to their answers for each question. Contrary to explanations for low graduation rates of African American male students, as predicted in the literature review of this study, the participants' perspectives rarely indicated that discipline, or lack of parental involvement was a prevailing reason for low graduation rates for African American male students. Low teacher expectations, lack of role models and advocates, and the failure of the school systems to implement successful strategies to improve the graduation rates of African American male students appeared to be the most common themes as discussed in the literature review. Participants perspectives suggest public high schools in San Joaquin County struggle to make positive connections with African American male students. All of the participants claimed that teachers, administrators, and school staff struggle to build and maintain healthy relationships with African American male students. Some of the recommendations from the participants of this study suggest that stakeholders can assist African American male students in overcoming barriers and improving their graduation rates by: starting African American male charter schools, operating mentoring programs in schools, and recruiting more African American teachers and administrators.

Mormon contributions to California history are generally well known. Most school children have heard of the march of the Mormon Battalion. The name of Samuel Brannan is known to almost any student interested in this area. The more inquisitive scholar is familiar with the voyage of the BROOKLYN and subsequent relations of the Mormons to the history of San Francisco. The mention of New Hope, however, brings puzzled looks to the faces of most people, including Mormons today living within twenty miles of the area. The Mormon movement to California was part of a general exodus by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from the East and Mid-west. Persecuted for many reasons, the Mormons had been forced to leave their homes in Illinois for some place "beyond the Rocky Mountains". At the same time, those members of' the Church in the eastern states were directed to proceed by ship to a spot on the Pacific Coast. It is the latter group about whom Part I is written. Much of the history of the Mormons in California, and of New Hope in particular, is sketchy, misleading and at times in actual error. Although it must be admitted that almost all the material contained in Part I had been used before by other writers, this study, as far as it is known, offers a contribution in that every reference available on Mormons in central California, in New Hope in particular, is gathered together within one volume.

During the decade, 1930-1940, most of the government efforts were directed to the task of seeing that no one should starve. Through welfare programs it was possible to insure low income groups against starvation; "but through the depression years and the poet-depression months, it was recognized that just the guarantee against starvation was not enough. Our nutritional goal should be commensurate with natural resources of our country and with our ability to produce, have the land, the equipment and the man power necessary to furnish good food for our whole nation. Knowing this and recognizing from surveys that a large percentage of our nation was poorly fed, our government put more emphasis upon the study of the problem of nutrition and how it affects our nation.

The problem for this study consists of a question: Is there a relationship between the financial status and the academic preparation and experience of teachers in selected secondary school districts of San Joaquin County? The purpose of this study will, therefore, be to determine the relationship between financial status of the school district and the academic preparation of employed certificated personnel in selected secondary schools of San Joaquin County.

Information received during interviews with fifteen prominent choral directors, ministers and laymen of different communities end questionnaire responses from thirty of fifty churches of the San Joaquin Presbytery of tho Presbyterian Church, U.S.A., indicates almost unanimously that there is a growing need. and also a growing awakening among the youth of the church for participation in church musical activities. For many years churches, large and small, have been struggling with the difficult problems of providing satisfactory musical experiences for both the adults and the youth in the churches of various denominations. For the large churches, with large budgets at their command, the matter is simplified by the hiring of paid singers and competent directors at good salaries. In the case of the smaller churches, the duties of furnishing music for various services and special programs usually fall to a local music instructor, and interested layman, the wife of the minister, or perhaps the minister himself. In some cases there is a small monthly remuneration, but in many cases the work done is a matter of donated time and labor on the part of the director. Much has been discussed as to the reasons for the lack of interest shown by the young people of various denominations in the musical life of the churches, but little practical information can be found to remedy the situation. In a conference with Dr. Clair Morrow, moderators of the Synod of California and Minister of the First Church of Fresno, and Leonard Ballmer, Moderators of the San Joaquin Presbytery, it was felt that such a study should take place in order to evaluate and compare the Youth Music Program at the First Church in Fresno with the other churches in the Presbytery.

No description available.