(in English): This M.A. thesis focuses on the translatological analysis of short proses called Histoires Naturelles written by the French author Jules Renard and it also focuses on their Czech translation made by Klementa Laubová at the end of 1911. During its elaboration new facts emerged, according to which Laubová did not work on the translation on her own. All the facts are based on personal correspondence and on a manuscript of translation. These new facts have led to the inclusion of a chapter dealing with the book market situation at the beginning of the 20th century (with a focus on translation), which the periodical newspapers expressed as a "book crisis". The work also focuses on a period fashion wave in a culture of acceptance, using allegories inspired by animal life. And last but not least, it points to the close interconnection of the personalities of the French literary scene with the personalities of the Czech literary translation.

À première vue, le monologue intérieur et le roman d’aventures semblent antinomiques. Si le monologue intérieur explore l’intériorité d’un personnage, le roman d’aventures se présente plutôt comme le théâtre d’événements extérieurs procédant d’une confrontation, au moins implicite, avec la mort (Vladimir Jankélévitch). L’écriture d’un monologue intérieur donnant voix au personnage de Mrs. Aouda, héroïne silencieuse du roman Le tour du monde en 80 jours de Jules Verne, constituait une forme de pari : l’ajout d’un monologue intérieur à un roman d’aventures préexistant peut-il apporter un éclairage sur cette «entrée dans le domaine de la mort» (Simone Vierne) qui caractérise le parcours du personnage aventurier? Les objectifs de la recherche sont donc d’identifier les liens qui peuvent être tissés entre le monologue intérieur et l’aventure. Nous constaterons que la notion de roman initiatique permet de mettre en lumière le rôle essentiel de la mort dans le roman d’aventures, et ce même dans le cadre d’un récit fondé sur l’intériorité d’un personnage donné. La présente étude suggère que l’hybridation du roman d’aventures permettrait de révéler le processus de transformation du personnage en voie d’initiation, questionnant ainsi la pertinence des frontières implicites entre les notions d’aventure et d’«aventure intérieure».

The works of Joseph Conrad and Jules Verne share a fascination with geography: concern with geographical issues made explicit in their non-fictional works is also implicit in their fiction. Unfortunately, limited knowledge of or interest in geographic theory on the part of the literary critic has made the relation between literature and geography a relatively unpopular focus; to redress the balance, it is necessary to outline briefly some of the ways in which geographical theory may usefully inform the practice of literary criticism. Areas to be introduced include geography and literature as spatial distribution, as spatial perception, as inscription on and description of the environment, as text, as cultural matrix. The above areas serve as a focus for the comparative analysis of a series of novels by Joseph Conrad and Jules Verne in which three issues are foregrounded: first, the interrelations between concentrated place and surrounding space in the sea-tales The Nigger of the Narcissus and Vingt mille lieues sous les mers; second, the reading and writing of cultural landscape in Heart of Darkness and Voyage au centre de la terre; third, the geopolitics of territory, boundary and landclaim in Lord Jim and L'lle mystérieuse. In each case, relevant geographical theory is drawn upon: in the first instance, the phenomenological notions of Yi-Fu Tuan and Edward Relph; in the second, the landscape evaluations of Carl Sauer and Courtice Rose; in the third, the geopolitical and politico-geographical definitions of Glassner, De Blij and Cohen. The first section (on The Nigger of the Narcissus and Vingt mille lieues sous les mers) explores the spatial notions of topophilia, placelessness and geometricity inherent in the relation between ship and sea. The second section (on Heart of Darkness and Voyage au centre de la terre) discusses the various connotations of landscape: cultural imprint (rewriting), false perspective (mis-reading), textual sign-system (encoding/decoding), which suggest that landscape can be interpreted as a controlling mechanism of and means of access to the text. The third section (on Lord Jim and L' Ile mystérieuse) outlines the geographical motifs of the two novels (division, (dis)possession, ascent and descent, etc.) and infers possible motives behind these motifs, relating topographical issues to personal and political ones and paying particular attention to the implications of island environments and communities and to the connections between imperialism, colonialism and narrative strategy. Finally, the 'literary geography' of Conrad's and Verne's novels is situated in its historical context and related particularly to the late nineteenth-century debate on the relative merits of positivism and phenomenology. In Verne's work, the doctrine of positivism, which has been constituted in terms of an ideology of science, is only celebrated in so far as its limitations are recognized. In Conrad's work, man's struggle to conquer Nature through a physical and verbal mastery of his environment is reinterpreted as an attempt to overcome his own duality. Conrad's predominantly phenomenological geography of the mind serves as a critique of positivist doctrine, but its fractured topography also suggests that the attempt to substitute 'more traditional views of the social and moral order' (Watt, 163) is, perhaps, little more than a saving illusion. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Jules Massenet's mélodies feature a distinct vocal treatment regarding musical prosody through his eight song cycles, including Poëme d'Avril, Poëme Pastoral, Poëme du Souvenir, Poëme d'Amour, Poëme d'Hiver, Poëme d'un Soir, and Quelques Chansons Mauves, and a collection, Expressions Lyriques. These mélodies show the influence of the trend of salon music and the high-level poetry from the poetic movements of romanticism, Parnassianism, and symbolism. This study deals with Massenet's mélodies relating to the prosody idea, which is conspicuous in his vocal treatment. His melodic styles feature four distinct aspects of vocal treatment including lyrical, recitative or parlando, melodramatic, and déclamation rhythmée, and represent the idea of musical prosody of phonetic, syntactic, and semantic aspects. Massenet's other musical idioms such as harmony, form, and piano treatment, are also closely related to the prosody matter as a semantic aspect, reinforcing the poetic mood and content. In this study, each melodic style related to French versification is examined in detail. The musical analysis regarding the other musical idioms on selected examples presents the semantic feature of prosody idea. The brief review of French versification and opinions regarding the performance are included. Massenet's contribution to the genre of mélodie, with the prose melody and treatment of piano as an equal partner of voice line, is clearly demonstrated. With this contribution, Massenet should be recognized as the most influential composer to the climatic time of French mélodie led by Fauré, and Debussy, and Duparc.

No description available.

This essay examines hierarchical structures in two versions of Jules Vernes’ Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (1870). A full translation by Erik Carlquist is compared with a retelling of the story by Peter Gotthardt (2010), and the comparison is intended to show similarities and differences in the hierarchical structures that can be found in the two versions. The essay uses an ecofeminist perspective to locate and analyse the hierarchies, and a postcolonial view is also present to deepen the analysis of the imperialistic aspects that can be found in the novel. The essay examines the relationship between human and nature, civilisation and the primitive and also between four characters in the novels. The essay shows that the hierarchical structures that can be found in the full translation can still be observed in the retelling, even though the retelling is around 300 pages shorter. In both versions, humans are dominant in its relation to nature, and the imperialistic tendencies maintain a hierarchical relationship between civilisation and the primitive, with the nationalistic features and the Western identity further establishing the civilisation as dominant. The hierarchical structures between the characters mainly stay the same between the two versions, although attempts to flatten out the hierarchical relationships can be seen in the retelling.

No description available.

Interdisciplinary education is something that has become much more common in schools over the years. Jan Nilsson (2007) describes Interdisciplinary education as thematic education. He points out how interdisciplinary education tends to mix multiple subjects – like arts, biology and English – together to create a whole. In this study focus has been placed on two novels written by French author Jules Verne, and how these two novels can be used in interdisciplinary education where Swedish as a subject is included. The two novels are 2000 leagues under the sea and Journey to the centre of the Earth. Subject areas discussed together with Swedish are mankind’s relationship with Mother Nature and science, as well as how the two novels can be connected to the basic values of the school system. The study has concluded that the two selected novels by Jules Verne are applicable together with interdisciplinary education, both in regard to the subject “Nature” and “Science,” as well “the basic values the of school system.” This is because 2000 leagues under the sea and Journey to the centre of the Earth, on multiple occasions throughout the novels, include scenes, quotes and plot twists where subjects like “Nature” and “basic values” which can provide material for classroom discussion.

Note:

Jules-André Brillant appartient déjà à la légende. En plus des histoires orales qui circulent à son sujet dans la région, il a fait plusieurs fois la manchette dans les journaux, à la radio et à la télévision. Pour ne citer que les exemples les plus importants, notons cette émission d'Entretien d'été que la télévision canadienne lui consacrait en août 1967 et qui était annoncée par un article dithyrambique publié dans Ici Radio-Canada et reproduit dans tous les journaux (1). Plus tôt, en juin 1965, la revue Time, édition canadienne, racontait sa carrière dans une page intitulée The Seigneurs of Rimouski et la résumait dans cette légende d'une photographie: "One utility led to another (2)". De même, en novembre 1965, le Star Weekly présentait la famille Brillant comme "a tribe of multi-millionnaires who might be described as a Gallic version of the Mitfords of Oxfordshire plus the Kennedys of Boston (3)". Ces articles retracent la carrière exceptionnelle du financier de Rimouski, sa montée prodigieuse du poste de commis de banque à la direction de grandes compagnies, ses succès de toutes sortes dans les affaires comme en politique. Ils insistent beaucoup sur le caractère spectaculaire de son ascension, laissant parfois de côté l'essentiel, le travail incessant de cet homme. Sans vouloir rejeter ce qui s'est dit et écrit sur Jules-A. Brillant, nous voulons aller plus loin et essayer d'analyser l'oeuvre qu'il a accomplie dans sa région. Notre propos n'est pas de faire une biographie complète et définitive de cet homme public; il nous semble trop tôt pour l'entreprendre avec succès. Nous voulons plus simplement étudier ce qu'il a fait pour ce qu'il appelle le Bas du Fleuve, ce qu'il a édifié, les innovations qu'il a lancées, les progrès qu'il a fait faire; mais nous nous demandons aussi dans quelle mesure il peut être comparé aux entrepreneurs américains du XIXe ou du XXe siècle qui ont joué un si grand rôle dans l'histoire économique des Etats-Unis. Enfin nous laissons de côté certains aspects de la carrière de Brillant - par exemple sa participation au monde de la haute finance - pour nous en tenir à son oeuvre régionale et à l'influence qu'il a jouée dans cette partie du Québec; de même nous arrêtons notre analyse vers 1950 au moment où le financier cède la gouverne de ses entreprises à ses fils. Pour répondre au but précis que nous nous sommes proposé, nous décrivons rapidement les réalisations les plus importantes de Brillant, puis, dans un deuxième chapitre, nous analysons d'une façon plus précise ce qu'apportaient de neuf ces réalisations et la philosophie sociale qui les sous-tendait. Enfin, nous avons voulu jeter un peu de lumière sur son influence politique, influence parfois obscure mais que tous devinent importante et qu'on est facilement porté à exagérer. Voilà donc ce que nous avons voulu inclure dans les trois chapitres intitulés: L'entrepreneur, L'homme du progrès, Le "boss" politique. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2012