Hierdie studie fokus op die waarde van die Kritiese Rasionalisme van Karl Popper vir die teologie. Tans staan die Kritiese Realisme as geloofwaardige denkmodel vir die teologie in die huidige teologiese diskussie onder bespreking. Hierdie studie analiseer die krities realistiese denkmodel in die teologie aan die hand van die Kritiese Rasionalisme van Popper ten einde 'n krities rasionalistiese suiwering in die krities realistiese denkmodel vir die teologie te weeg te bring. Deel I van die studie behels 'n bespreking en 'n analisering van die wetenskapsteorie van Popper. Uit hierdie bespreking blyk dit dat die wetenskap volgens Popper op 'n duidelike doel afgestem is. Wetenskap mik na waarheid en 'n verstaan van die werklikheid. Ten spyte van die intensie van die wetenskap, kan die wetenskaplike nooit met sekerheid bepaal of sy teorie wei waar is nie. Gevolglik funksioneer die waarheidsgerigtheid van die wetenskap as 'n regulatiewe beginsel. Die wetenskaplike kan van die waarheid van die doel van sy wetenskap oortuig wees, maar hierdie oortuiging en ander oortuigings met betrekking tot die waarheid of die realiteit van 'n teorie, word in die Popperiaanse beskouing van die wetenskapsproses krities gekontroleer. Popper se fallibalistiese epistemologiese beskouings word gevorm deur sy mening dat aile denkmodelle of filosofiee wat waarheid wil begrond, ongeldig is. Sy kritiek teen positivisme lei hom tot 'n omverwerping van 'n induktivistiese strategie wat oor die algemeen as die ware metode van die empiriese wetenskappe beskou word. Aangesien aile epistemiese uitsprake voorwaardelik van aard is, en uitsprake nie begrond kan word nie, stel hy 'n krities rasionalistiese denkmodel voor. Hierdie model word triadies gestruktureer: die wetenskapsproses verloop vanaf 'n identifisering van probleme na pogings om hierdie probleme op te los. Hierdie oplossings word krities getoets deur pogings om die oplossings te weerle. Op hierdie wyse kan foute uitgeskakel word en valshede vermy word. Uit die bespreking van Popper se teorie blyk dit dat die kenmerk van die krities rasionalistiese model verwoord kan word met behulp van 'n Kritiese Beginsel. Die elemente wat in Popper se Kritiese Rasionalisme ge'identifiseer is, te wete die wyse waarop oortuigings as 'n wetenskapsintensie funksioneer en krities gekontroleer word, die belang van die proses van weerlegging as kritiek in die wetenskapsproses en die nie-begrondingstruktuur van 'n geldige wetenskapsproses, word as evalueringsriglyn vir 'n krities realistiese model aangewend. Kritiese Realisme maak aanspraak op die feit dat epistemiese uitsprake inderdaad na die werklikheid verwys, ten spyte van die voorwaardelike aard van kennis. Die versoening tussen die konjekturaliteit van kennis en die werklikheid of objektiwiteit van uitsprake vind plaas deur die aanwending van 'n spesifieke modeljmetafoor-teorie. Dit blyk egter dat hierdie aanwending 'n afgeswakte vorm van verifikasie behels wat struktureel induktivisties van aard is. Voorts dui die analise van Kritiese Realisme aan dat die rol van grondverbintenisse nie voldoende deur hierdie model opgelos word nie aangesien daar steeds elemente van 'n begrondingstrategie by Kritiese Realisme teenwoordig is. Deur die Kritiese Realisme van hierdie problematiese elemente met behulp van die Kritiese Rasionalisme wyse te suiwer, kan Kritiese Realisme as 'n geloofwaardige denkmodel vir die teologie aangewend word. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 1990. / gm2013 / Biblical and Religious Studies / PhD

Title: "To Seize the Masses". Philosophy, ideology and propaganda by Karl Marx Author: Robin Pech Department: Ústav filosofie a religionistiky Supervisor: Mgr. Petr Kouba, Ph.D. Abstract: The aim of the diploma thesis is to thematize and clarify the interdependence of philosophy, ideology and propaganda by Karl Marx. The realization of philosophy, according to Marx, is a critique of modern society. The aim of this critique, however, is not only the understanding and interpretation of social relations but, above all, their change. For these purposes, Marx has developed his philosophy of history. On this basis is explained the nature of modern society and formulated the political programme of its transformation. That is further publicly promoted to ensure adequate - mass - support for the revolution. Thus, arises remarkable combination of philosophy, political ideology and propaganda, which seems to be an integral part of Marx's thought and his literary work and therefore, also a serious problem of his interpretation. Keywords: Marx, Philosophy, Ideology, Prapaganda

This study focuses on describing and analyzing monetary policy in Czechoslovakia between 1919 and 1929. Initially devoted to theoretical definition of monetary policy and approaches to the nature of money. The analytical part describes the most important events of the decade in terms of monetary policy. Particular emphasis is placed primarily on monetary reform, which made Alois Rašín in 1919. The work also describes a change in direction from the deflationary policy to monetary stabilization, on which has the largest merit Engliš, second significant figure in the Czechoslovak monetary policy in those years. As Rašín and Engliš contributed significantly to successful monetary developments in postwar Czechoslovakia. Rašin deal with strong inflationary pressures and gave rise to solid and credible crown. Engliš is behind the most significant economic boom in the history of republic.

M.A.

In Southern Moravia and Lower Austria there was engaged by Johann II of Liechtenstein Karl Weinbrenner. This architect left on the estates of the Liechtensteins ineffacable trace. As an architect and later as the director of the Liechtenstein Buildin Office at Lednice he projected a great number of buildings and some of them remained intact up to these days. Churches, chapels, parish houses, school, railway stations, hospitals, gamekeeper's lodges and some smaler farming houses built according to his plans still form a picturesque character of the countryside. At Lednice Karl Weinbrenner worked till 1909, that is for 25 years. In 1909 he was appointed a professor of German Technical School in Prague where he stayed till 1926 and as an emeritus professor till 1938. In spite of that we do not know too much about his life and work. In literature his name is mentioned only in case of church of Visitation of Virgin Mary at Poštorná and of church St. Michael the Archangel at Ladná. In Bohemian Lands there was not published any work dedicated to his life and work. The aim of this thesis is to write a monograth and to incorporate it into the context of late historism architecture.

This diploma thesis deals with Karel Schulz's novel Kámen a Bolest. In particular, it analyses its language, stylistic devices and scene composition. It also focuses on portrayal of characters and their life in Schulz's textual world. The conclusion suggests an overall interpretation of the signification of this novel, thus offerings a deeper insight into the work. It elucidates its peculiar emotional appeal and narrative strategy with which the author has created his fictional world. The methodology of this thesis is based on Přemysl Blažíček's literary-scientific and interpretative approach.

163 Abstract The paper is concerned with Karel Čapek's dramas, Loupežník, R.U.R., Věc Makropulos, Bílá nemoc and Matka. It analyzes systematically the structure of dramas, especially from the semiotic and stylistic point of view. Both disciplines are considered in quite a broad sense, hence at first we examined their basic characteristics, and then clarified how Čapek's dramas actually relate with them. First of all, we focused on the meaning and the function of sign and enquired specific features of a dramatic text. Furthermore, we dealt with dramatic elements, in particular with time, space, dramatic characters, and with each element, we examined its characteristics and functions in connection both with drama and theater. We presented main and significant theories and methods of scholars. Regarding the analysis of K. Čapek's dramas from the semiotic point of view, we clarified characteristics and syntactic structure of dramatic characters in connection with the theory of actants. Such syntactic structure makes it possible to clarify and understand the construction of a narrative and the function of characters. We explained the function of two elements, time and space that realize the hypothetical possible world of drama, we have shown that according to the construction of time drama can have a complex...

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The diploma thesis De Stijl and Czech Avant-Garde Art of the 1920's and 1930's focuses on the Dutch art movement De Stijl (1917-1931) and the relationship of its protagonists to the Czech avant-garde scene of the inter-war era; both on the practical as well as theoretical level. The work aims to examine the as yet rather insufficiently mapped interconnection between the creative output of De Stijl's artists, led by the movement founder Theo van Doesburg, and the body of work of Czech artists active in the First Czechoslovak Republic period. The crucial part of the text is grounded in the works of Theo van Doesburg and Karel Teige, leading personalities of the inter-war art scene of the aforementioned countries. The thesis concentrates on selected thematic areas of their wide scope of interests: typography, film, Bauhaus and architecture.