This thesis deals with the monitoring and evaluation of the development of landscape structure in the municipality Chyše in Karlovy Vary Region. Hereafter the work focuses on the study of small sacral architecture and its impact on the overall appearance of the contemporary landscape. For analysis of the area were used map data from three periods. The oldest substrates were Imperial Imprints of cadastral maps stable from 1841. Furthermore, it was the black and white aerial photographs from 1952 and current orthophotos from 2014. The first part focuses on the definition of general concepts and issues in the direction of landscape. The second part focuses on the characteristics and history of the area. The third part deals with the processing of the underlying data in ArcGIS 10.2. The data were vectorised based on three time periods. This was followed by their distribution into categories LU/LC. And the final phase was analysing data, including interpretation. The results point to the current and past trends of changes in the landscape structure. It can trace mainly by the declining mosaicity and thus increasing the overall landscape facets. Since the 1950' soccurs larger areas of forests at the expense of agricultural land. The landscape around Chyše, however, retains partly its distinctive character, despite all the outside influences. The results show the evolution of the landscape structure with a substantial contribution from a man for nearly 180 years. Significant benefits can bring results as a source for the future development of the area, especially in the field of landscape planning, urban planning and land consolidation.

The aim of this work was to document the mining areas in neighborhood Jindřichův Hradec and to describe their current geological and environmental conditions. Mined or partially mined quarries and sandpits were examined. On the territory of Jindřichův Hradec region to the greatest extent there are sandpits, but also the quarries were processed, which are found mainly on the east side of the area. The localities have been solved from the point of view of geology, soil science, hydrology, zoological and botanical natural conditions, current land use, mining history, anthropogenic load and the presence of erosion. The detailed photographic documentation was performed at all locations and the maps in ArcGIS 10 were created. Between the damaged sites were included a quarry U Koleneců, quarry Skladka, sand-quarry Klenov. At these locations accumulation of municipal or building litter occurs. Therefore, these sites have been proposed to rehabilitate and revitalize. Conversely, we can also find sites that add value to the surrounding landscape. These are the sites U Dračice, Na cvičišti, Cep, Cep I and Cep II. We have also locations that are very promising. It is the locality Jarošov nad Nežárkou, Jindřiš, Dunajovická hora. At these locations it has been designed and recommended appropriate management.

Institute of landscape character was anchored in Czech legislation in 1992 as part of Act No. 114/1992 Coll., On nature and landscape protection. The concept of landscape character under that law includes not only natural, cultural and historical values that create a unique landscape character, but and visual aspects of landscape scenes that show the visual attractiveness. Thus it becomes a complex and unique tool for conservation landscape. At present, while is protecting the landscape often discussed topic, as a result of increasing building pressures on Czech countryside. This work deals with the case (current) assessment landscape. On the basis of the methodical process of assessment of proposed construction, activity or land use changes on the landscape character (Vorel et al. 2004) within the meaning of the Act no. 114/1992 Coll., On nature and landscape protection, I tried to expert approach determine the impact of potential construction lookout tower on the hill of Oškobrh on the landscape character.

The thesis deals with landscape development in Nová Ves I. The historical development of landscape was based on the evaluation of three maps from different times. The chosen ones were Stable cadastral map (1841), an ortophotomap from 1950´s (1954) and a recent ortophoto map (2015). The first part of the thesis is dedicated to literary research, which is focused on demarcation of related issues. The second part is focused on data processing and analysis. Maps were processed by ArcGIS 10.2 software. Raster data were manually vectorised according to the chosen categories of landscape utilization. The maps of landscape utilization during the times are providing important information about landscape development, mostly in past 170 years. At the end, the results derived from the analysis are put into context with the overall objectives of land consolidation. That show us the possible benefits of land consolidation in area of interest.

PhD thesis deals with the impact of natural elements and structures in the image of the city. Topic is on the edge of urbanism, urban composition, aesthetics and landscape protection. This topic is often mentioned in relation with the identification and evaluation of landscape character. Landscape character significantly affects the urban structure of a city -- foundation of the city and functional layout; It is also reflected in the spatial and urban composition. Image of the city can be analyzed from different perspectives, just as it is possible to analyze the urban composition. Image of the city is solved by number of methodologies and PhD theses, although there are rather focused on the landscape or the town silhouette in surrounding landscape. This PhD thesis is focused on natural elements and structures in the city. So it is not about a city in a surrounding landscape but about townscape. It analyzes the image of the city and follows the methodology of Michael Hexner -- it evaluates the image of the city with regard to relationship of urban structures and natural elements with respect to their visual expression and visual appeal. Conclusions of the work define a relationship between the application of natural elements in the image of the city and its positive acceptance, perception and evaluation. The thesis is mainly focused on assessment of an aesthetic and compositional relationship of natural elements inside the city.

In the last few years there has been a significant decrease in the of number of wild birds across the Europe. It is mostly concerns synantropic species and species related to agricultural landscapes. The main cause of this decrease could be the changes in agriculture and also changes in the character of village surroundings and therefore the connection to a decrease of livestock. In this thesis a comparison of the differences in the bird community in winter months has been made, focusing on a sparrow in the Czech-Polish borderlands. There have been found differences between the agriculture development and development of rural settlements in each of these countries especially in the second part of the 20th.century. At the end of my thesis there are the comparison results of my thesis and the research, that was carried out in the summer months of 2014. The main research was done between December 2015 and January 2016 along the CzechPolish border. 16 villages were chosen and in each village there were 2 research areas the the dimensions of 100 x 100 meters. The total study consists of 64 research areas in different types of environments. The data collection was done twice in each area. The results show that in the Czech republic there occurred more birds and also birds species. It has been demonstrated, that poultry farming has a major impact on sparrow numbers. Out of the six surveyed habitats the one with the most birds was found to be found in the middle of a village with a factory farm and the most bird species were found on the outskirts.

Tropical rain forests around the world suffer from deforestation, which is caused mainly by small-scale farmers. These farmers largely employ slash-and-burn methods to clear the land for agricultural settlement. Agroforestry systems are widely found in the humid tropics, where they could have great potential to increase the productivity of farming systems and sustain continuous crop production and they are also supposed to conserve biodiversity. As a group of freshwater invertebrates, dragonflies (Odonata) are commonly used as ecological indicators of freshwater ecosystems. The main objective of the study is to assess the impact of land use changes on dragonflies (Odonata) species richness and diversity, namely primary and secondary forest, cocoa agroforest and slash-and-burn agriculture in the Tropical Africa. We hypothesize, that the species richness and diversity of dragonflies decrease with disturbance of the ecosystems, along the land-use changes gradient.

This thesis analyzes the historical development of wetlands in corn production areas in Moravia, Czech Republic. Wetlands were analyzed changes in time and space for a period of 180 years. The main objective is to analyze the development of wetland habitats in the landscape using old maps, aerial photographs and GIS. The bases were of the Imperial Imprints of the Stable cadastre from the first half of the 19th century and contemporary orthophoto. There were also used GIS layers of the current location of wetlands, farmland, forests, rivers and waterways. In historical documents were evaluated by two categories 1) wet meadows and 2) swamps and marshes. In the current surface are only evaluated wetlands. The total area is 18054 ha. The area of wetlands dramatically decreased from 108 ha in the first half of the 19th century on 14 ha in 2015. Most of the wetlands have been converted to agricultural land - arable land (72 %), meadows and pastures (12 %). Wetlands succession was transformed to bushes (5,4 %). There was 5 % of the deaths of wetlands built and drained. Most wetlands have been transformed due to the pressure on the production function of the landscape in order to get more food. In the first half of the 19th century it was dominated by wet meadows, they had 684 ha. Despite the disappearance of a large part of the wetlands created new wetlands, which have 12.4 hectares. Most newly created wetlands are located in the cadastral area of Mutěnice. Only one wetland (1.68 ha) remained unchanged, located in cadastral Čejč. This wetland had a history of more land (25.15 hectares) and has been linked with Čejčské Lake. The main result of this work is to determine the trajectories of development of wetland ecosystems in the lowlands of Moravia. Descriptions of these trajectories have contributed to understanding influences on the development of wetlands. Results wetlands contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of landscape ecology. The results can be used to restore extinct wetlands and creation of new wetlands in the historic wet meadows. The information obtained can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.

The theme of my thesis is analysis and evaluation of development of wood pastures at several locations in the Elbe lowlands from the first half of 19th century up to the present. The area is characterized by its fertility and the large share of arable land. The data analysis was developed using a geographic information system (GIS). The basic documents were maps and written operate of Stationary cadaster. The results of the work are map compositions depicting the change trajectories of wood pastures (extinct, continuous and new), graphs show the area of individual trajectories and evaluate the utility of written operate of the Stacionary cadastre. We have put the obtained information about the natural and social-economic development of the area into context. We got a possible explanation of development, therefore, why the old wooded pastures vanish and new ones arisen elsewhere. Changes of wood pastures were influenced by socio-economic development of the area and probably by distance from a watercourse. The informations obtained from written operate of Stacionary cadaster are useless for this thesis.

The thesis deals with analysis of connectivity of a territorial system of landscape ecological stability in the Hradec Králové region. This area is also famous for its typical agricultural production. The calculations done in software Conefor were counted for three groups of animals with different dispersal possibilities. It was made in several phases. At first, the connectivity of all biocentres was counted then the connectivity without nonfunctional biocentres. In the next step was counted connectivity for three categories of biotopes and the same calculations were made for newly proposed biocentres. The results from software Conefor show that the indicies are not so clear. Also the rate of connectivity in the study area is questionable.