Current demands for the reduction of negative impact of activities influencing the environment directly concern the process of care and maintenance of golf areas. The conviction of the need to minimise the negative influence of technology on the golf course has led to the implementation of alternative techniques and preparations. The aim is to provide the needed quality of lawn mainly by means of organic substances in the most environmentally-friendly way. The primary principle thus is the exclusion of any chemical substances from the group of pesticides. The objective of the diploma thesis was the detection of the influence of chosen organic substances on the quality of the lawn. Besides the overall quality of the lawn, the influence of individual substances on partial features of the quality was evaluated such as the density of lawn, turf cover, colour of lawn, damage caused by diseases, occurrence of weeds and aesthetic appearance. The evaluation of the influence of the substances was carried out in Vrbinky golf course in Piešťany during full operation of areas as well as during maintenance (mowing, irrigation, fertilization, without the usage of pesticides). The aim of such way was the simulation of real care of the golf course. The choice of substances was influenced by the demand on the representation of different groups of substances. Biofungicide, extract from sea algae and mycorrhiza were used in the experiment as well as two substances of organic fertilizer. Experiment areas were founded on two different types of lawn: on the fairway and semi-rough. The evaluation of observed features and overall quality was being carried out during the whole period of observation. Interpretations dealt with the evaluation of data independently of terms. The evaluation of results of measurement on the areas of fairway did not show any fundamental influence of substances on the overall quality of the lawn in comparison with the area where no substance had been used. The evaluation of results of the influence on the overall quality on the area of semi-rough showed significant improvement of the quality of the lawn in the areas where bio-fungicide had been used in comparison with the area where no substance had been used.

The thesis focuses on beer components with health benefits and methods of determination of these substances. The theoretical part is divided into 5 chapters in which the brewing process is described including the necessary raw materials, the issue of biologically active substances and the methods of their determination are here also outlined. In the last part there are also briefly mentioned volatile substances found in beer. The aim of the experimental part was to determine organic acids, phenolic compounds and 5-MTA in the chosen samples of Czech and German lagers. For the analysis, 5 samples from each country were used. To the analysis was also used beer brewed in the premises of Mendel University in Brno. In this beer were determined the changes in the content of selected substances in 6 stages of the brewing process and in the final product. Beer is a complex matrix, requiring a solid phase extraction (SPE) treatment prior to HPLC analysis.

Accumulation of sediments in fishponds is a serious problem for today's aquaculture. High economical, organizational and time-consuming requirements are often the limit factor for many fish farmers. One of the available solutions has recently emerged bacterial-enzymatic mixtures, which thanks to modified bacteria cultures, have been able to reduce organic matter from sediment and improve overall physical and chemical water parameters. The aim of this diploma thesis was to verify the effect of the bacterial - enzymatic mixture PTP plus in laboratory and field conditions. For the laboratory experiment, was chosen a method with different concentrations of the PTP plus, under the controlled conditions of the glass containers. However, the results of the laboratory test did not confirmed significant effect of this bioenzymatic mixture on the reduction of the organic component of the sediment nor on the changes in the physical and chemical parameters of the water. But the influence at the visual properties of the water was confirmed in container with several times higher dose. Three small ponds near Bohuslavice near Konice, with a total area of approximately 2.5 hectares were chosen for the field experiment. The results of the field experiment also did not confirm the significant effect of the bio-enzymatic blend on the physical and chemical parameters of the water in the monitored localities. However, in the lowest location of the fishpond cascade, BOH I, was recorded slight reduction of sediment organic component.

Genus Phytophthora represents a world-wide spread pathogen with more than hundred recognized species and its devastating effect on plants has a serious economic and ecological impact. This diploma thesis entitled „Proteome and metabolome of genus Phytophthora” briefly summarizes knowledge about this pathogen, including its life cycle and interactions with its host. Twelve species representing six Phytophthora clades that were selected for experimental work are then discussed in details. Phytophthora isolates were characterized on proteome and metabolome level employing an LC-MS untargeted proteome profiling and a GC-MS analysis of volatiles. The results were then processed to identify candidate molecules for a targeted identification of Phytophthora and these results were validated in an independent experiment with P. palmivora and Hordeum vulgare. We found that a proteome profiling can be employed as a tool to differentiate individual Phytophthora species and that the marker peptides can be employed for a targeted monitoring of Phytophthora presence in plants.

The work deals with the evaluation of nutrients and epiphytic microflora content in selected grass species Lolium perenne L., Phleum pratensis L., Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. and Lolium multiflorum Lam. X Festuca arundinacea Schreb. 2017 and 2018 at Vatín. The task was to determine the effect of fertilization doses by digestate, harvest year and species on organic nutrient content and epiphytic microflora. The content of nitrogenous substances, fats, fiber, ADF and NDF was evaluated from organic nutrients. The statistically significant (P <0.05) was the year for the effect on the crude protein content. Statistical significance (P <0.05) for fat content was demonstrated only in the species. For the proportion of fiber, ADF and NDF in fodder, the year of harvest, the type of fodder and the fertilizer variant had a statistically significant effect (P <0.05). The second evaluated area in forage was the epiphytic microflora. Only a fertilizer variant was statistically significant in CPM (P <0.05). The year of harvest and the fertilization variant were statistically significant (P <0.05) for BMK. The incidence of Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae, the total number of micromycetes and yeasts was not statistically significant from any point of view. In fungi, fertilization was a statistically significant (P <0.05) variant. The effect of digestate fertilization on the amount of nutrients and microorganisms has not been evident.

The aim of the thesis The influence of the addition of lignite to nitrogen-sulphur fertilizers on the production and quality of winter rape seeds was to make a literature review focused on winter rape nutrition and the use of humic substances in plant production. In the practical part evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur or sulphur and magnesium with the addition of lignite on yield and oilseed rape seeds. Additionally, the effect of these fertilizers on the percentage of macronutrients in the plant's above-ground biomass and on the nitrogen and sulphur content in the soil before the beginning of stem elongation (DC 30) was evaluated. Patch field tests were done on experimental stations of Mendel University, Vatín near Žďár nad Sázavou (535 m a. s. l.) and Žabčice (179 m a. s. l.) in the years 2015/16, 2016/17 and 2017/18. Fertilizers DASA 26-13, DASAMAG, MAGNISUL and their analogy with the addition of humate DASA H, DASAMAG H and MAGNISUL H were included in these experiments as fertilizer applied in early spring. On site Žabčice was achieved a higher yield of seeds than on site Vatín. The difference in yield was statistically highly significant. On Vatín station, higher oiliness was achieved than on site Žabčice. This difference was statistically highly significant. The statistically highly significant effect on yield and oiliness was also in the year. The highest yield and oiliness was achieved in 2018, the lowest yield and oiliness was in 2016. From the point of view of addition of humate or individual variants were not differences in yield and oiliness statistically significant The percentage of macronutrients in plant dry matter did not increase after the application of humate fertilizers. It was detected more mineral nitrogen after the application of the humate variants of DASAMAG and MAGNISUL fertilizers than in the non-humate analogues. A higher amount of water-soluble sulphur was detected after using the humate variant fertilizers DASA 26-13 and MAGNISUL.

The first part of the Master’s thesis describes the history and the present of milk thistle growing in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the paper describes the biological characteristics, the varieties, phytochemistry and the use of this crop. The thesis in detail deals with the cultivation technology requirements. The classification of milk thistle in sowing procedure, tillage, nutrition, treatment during the vegetation period, harvest and post-harvest treatment of this crop are described. The second part of the thesis describes the course of weather and the growing procedure for this crop in the company Netis, a.s. Dry matter, purity, TKW, bulk density, germinability, oiliness and representation of individual components of the silymarin complex were determined in milk thistle achene samples. The experimental data found during the “first” cultivation at Netis, a.s. were evaluated in terms of the economy of cultivation. The economy of cultivation was compared with that of the traditional grower Agrospol, a.d. Knínice. The economy of milk thistle cultivation at Netis, a.s. was compared with that of other crops grown there.

The diploma thesis deals with the influence of of water absorption, together with accelerated ageing on the specific properties of the surface treatment of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and spruce (Picea sp.) wood intended for furniture in a covered exterior. And also was monitored the influence of the repeated sorption on the physical-mechanical properties of the surface treatments. The samples were made of solid wood and finished by transparent polyurethane and lasuring coating, which is intended for surface treatment of wood intended for exterior conditions. In the laboratory the coatings were tested for water permeability according to ČSN EN 927-5 and at the same time the samples were tested in model accelerated ageing in Xenoteste according to ČSN EN 927-6. The samples were examined by standardized tests for determine the properties of surface treatments in terms of changes in surface morphology.

The thesis compares the efficiency of two extraction methods: using the FexIKA apparatus and using ultrasound. To compare the extraction methods, extracts from merbau (Intsia bijuga O.Ktze.) and jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) were created. These tropical woods were ground and extracted. From the extracts, three concentrations of protective substances were created. The protective substances were tested to determine the content of extractive compounds and polyphenolic compounds. The obtained protective substances were impregnated into the wood of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The impregnated beech and pine samples were tested to determine the protective effectiveness against Trametes versicolor L. and Coniophora puteana P. Karst. From the acquired data, the loss of mass of the wood was assessed. The results showed that only samples impregnated with the protective substance with concentration of 3 showed adequate protection. Analysis of the protective substances showed a higher yield when using FexIKA on Merbau wood. Jatoba wood extraction showed a slightly higher yield when extracting using ultrasound. In general, the samples impregnated with extracts obtained using FexIKA showed lower mass loss than samples impregnated with extracts obtained using ultrasound.

This diploma thesis addresses the awareness of a selected group of girls aged 16-18 about the risks of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and caffeine use in pregnancy. The aim is to find out their knowledge of this topic and on the basis of the obtained data to create a suitable pedagogical output. It should supplement and deepen their knowledge. Girls' awareness of the risks of using selected substances in pregnancy is determined by means of a questionnaire survey of a knowledge nature of 85 respondents. The results show that their knowledge is 59% and therefore it is appropriate for them to supplement it with the help of pedagogical output. KEYWORDS Awareness, girls, addictive substances, pregnancy