<p>Empirical research shows that a possible reason why Swedish students mathematical knowledge deteriorates can be a too big focus on imitative reasoning, i.e. recalling solutions or follow algorithms, and a lack of creative mathematical reasoning, i.e. when a student construct his/her own solution and motivates its plausibility with mathematically well-founded arguments. The purpose of this study is therefore to examine if, and in what way, lecturers can provide students an opportunity to learn creative reasoning by simulating creativity in their presentations of examples. Six lectures were observed and 22 task situations were analyzed with respect to three aspects; reflection, plausibility and mathematical foundation, which are to be present in the situation if the reasoning will be seen as simulated creative. The result shows that plausibility and mathematical foundation is present in 19 situations, while the reflection aspect is present only in three situations. The result also shows that only two situations contain all three aspects, which implies that these two situations are the only ones where simulated creative reasoning was presented. The conclusion is therefore that students are given small opportunities to learn creative reasoning during lectures.  </p>

Empirical research shows that a possible reason why Swedish students mathematical knowledge deteriorates can be a too big focus on imitative reasoning, i.e. recalling solutions or follow algorithms, and a lack of creative mathematical reasoning, i.e. when a student construct his/her own solution and motivates its plausibility with mathematically well-founded arguments. The purpose of this study is therefore to examine if, and in what way, lecturers can provide students an opportunity to learn creative reasoning by simulating creativity in their presentations of examples. Six lectures were observed and 22 task situations were analyzed with respect to three aspects; reflection, plausibility and mathematical foundation, which are to be present in the situation if the reasoning will be seen as simulated creative. The result shows that plausibility and mathematical foundation is present in 19 situations, while the reflection aspect is present only in three situations. The result also shows that only two situations contain all three aspects, which implies that these two situations are the only ones where simulated creative reasoning was presented. The conclusion is therefore that students are given small opportunities to learn creative reasoning during lectures.

Flickor och pojkar har olika förutsättningar i matematikundervisningen. Vi behandlar flickor och pojkar olika bara för att de är flickor och pojkar. Forskningen visar att vid problemlösning finns det skillnader gällande hur flickor och pojkar går tillväga för att lösa problem. Syftet är att undersöka dessa skillnader och varför de finns. Utvalda elever har fått matematiska problem som de ska lösa. De har även fått svara på en enkät, som bl a visar deras självuppfattning i matematik. / Girls and boys have different assumptions in mathematic teaching. We treat girls and boys different, just because they are girls and boys. Research show that there are differences in strategies when girls and boys solve mathematical problems. We want to look into these differences and discuss the reasons to the differences. Some selected pupils got a test with mathematical problems, which they solved. We also did a opinion poll with the pupils. Results are shown in this work.