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Avaliação das características do líquido ruminal associada à termografia digital e atividade pedométria em vacas holandesasRodrigues, Mirian [UNESP] 21 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
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000753151.pdf: 3939129 bytes, checksum: 9302a85e64863ceab596ce8d31bbb871 (MD5) / Este estudo objetivou correlacionar a acidose ruminal subaguda com a ocorrência de laminite subclínica em vacas leiteiras de alta produção, provenientes de um rebanho comercial. Foram avaliadas 200 vacas holandesas de alta produção leiteira, divididas em quatro grupos, sendo estes estabelecidos a partir da produtividade diária. Os animais foram submetidos ao exame clínico, coleta de líquido ruminal por meio de sondagem oral, hemogasometria, termografia digital e pedometria. Os valores do pH e prova de redução pelo azul de metileno do líquido ruminal, produtividade diária, número de passos, temperatura dos dígitos e membros, hemogasometria (PCO2, TCO2, HCO3, SO2 e EB) foram determinados e correlacionados estatisticamente. Nenhum animal avaliado apresentou alterações no pH ruminal e hemogasometria. A análise termográfica revelou maior temperatura nos dígitos mediais dos membros torácicos direito (59,4%) e esquerdo (55,2%). Enquanto que nos membros pélvicos, observou-se que a temperatura foi maior nos dígitos laterais direito (65,9%) e esquerdo (64,9%). Notou-se que 84,9% dos animais apresentaram os membros pélvicos mais quentes que os membros torácicos. Observou-se ainda que quanto maior foi à temperatura registrada, menor foi a produção de leite (p<0,01). As alterações encontradas pela termografia digital permitiram a triagem das vacas acometidas por afecções podais. Contudo, a identificação destas afecções somente foi possível mediante exame clínico específico dos dígitos. A pedometria foi efetiva, pois se observou redução no número de passos devido à dor, correlacionada a menor produção leiteira. Os fatores de riscos como o concreto abrasivo, instalações inadequadas, associados à acidose ruminal subaguda, não diagnosticada pela metodologia utilizada, foram os principais causadores das afecções podais. A laminite subclínica acometeu primariamente as vacas ... / This study aimed to correlate the subacute ruminal acidosis with the occurrence of subclinical laminitis in high producing dairy cows, of a commercial herd. We assessed 200 Holstein cows with high milk production, they were divided into four groups, which was established high milk production from the daily productivity. The animals were submitted to clinical examination, collection of rumen fluid by oral gavage, blood gas analysis, thermography and digital pedometrics. Values of pH and evidence of reduction of methylene blue rumen, daily productivity, number of animals steps, the temperature digits and limbs, blood gas (PCO2, TCO2, HCO3, SO2 and EB) all those had been determined and statistically correlated. No have assessed animals that showed changes in ruminal pH and blood gas analysis. The thermographic analysis revealed higher temperature in the medial forelimb digits right (59.4%) and left (55.2%). While in the hind limbs was observed that the temperature was bigger in the right side digits (65.9%) and left (64.9%). It had been noted that 84.9% of the animals had pelvic limbs warmer than the forelimbs. It had been also observed that the higher the temperature recorded was, the lower was the milk yield (P <0.01). The abnormalities were found by digital thermography allowed in cows triage affected by foot problems affections. Therefore, these disorders identification were only possible through clinical examination of specific digits. The pedometrics was effective, because we had observed a reduction number of animals steps because of the pain, and then correlated with lower milk production. Risk factors as abrasive concrete, inadequate accommodation, subacute ruminal acidosis associated with undiagnosed by the methodology used, they were the main causes of affections podal. The subclinical laminitis occurred primarily cows from the herd, considering the multifactorial etiology from this affections, ...
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Expressão das metaloproteinases e morfologia do tecido laminar do casco de equinos submetidos à obstrução intra-luminal do cólon menorCanello, Vinícius Athaydes [UNESP] 28 February 2013 (has links) (PDF)
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canello_va_me_jabo.pdf: 467302 bytes, checksum: dd80810c8be22a5e0ad8934c12d77552 (MD5) / Diferentes estudos foram realizados buscando relacionar a ocorrência de distúrbios gastrointestinais e a manifestação da laminite. Neste contexto, destacou-se a participação de processos inflamatórios e sua relação com a expressão de metaloproteinases (MMP), que sabidamente promovem a degradação da membrana basal no tecido laminar do casco. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a expressão das MMP-2 e MMP-9 no tecido laminar, bem como sua integridade celular por avaliação histológica, em equinos submetidos à obstrução intraluminal do cólon menor. Oito equinos adultos hígidos foram avaliados. Realizou-se laparotomia e obteve-se obstrução do cólon menor utilizando-se balão de vinil inserido no lúmem intestinal. O balão foi inflado à pressão de 80 mmHg e a obstrução foi mantida por 4 horas, simulando a presença de um enterólito. Foram realizadas biópsias pelo acesso transmural-dorsal para obtenção de tecido laminar podal em três momentos (T): antes da obstrução (T0), imediatamente após desobstrução (T4) e após 72 horas da desobstrução (T72). As amostras foram submetidas à análise zimográfica e histológica. Segundo a zimografia, não observou-se alterações nos valores de MMP-2 e MMP-9 em T4 e T72. Entretanto, observou-se o surgimento de lesões no tecido laminar analisado microscopicamente (T4 e T72). Concluiu-se que as alterações inflamatórias decorrentes da obstrução do cólon menor levaram ao surgimento de lesões no tecido laminar podal. Porém, a inflamação promovida não foi suficiente para ocasionar alteração na expressão das MMP-2 e MMP-9 no tecido avaliado / A number of studies have been conducted in order to relate gastrointestinal disorders and laminitis occurrence in horses. In this issue, special attention has been given to the role of inflammatory process and its relation with metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, which may lead to basement membrane degradation in the hoof laminar tissue. The purpose of the present study was to investigate MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in the laminar tissue, as well as its cellular integrity assessed histologically, in horses subjected to intraluminal obstruction of the small colon. Eight healthy horses were evaluated. A laparotomy was performed and the small colon obstruction was achieved by the use of a vinyl ball inserted into the intestinal lumen. The ball was insufflated at 80 mmHg and the obstruction was sustained for 4 hours, mimicking an enterolithiasis. Through a dorsal-transmural access, podal laminar tissue samples were biopsied at three time-points: before obstruction (T0), immediately after desobstruction (T4) and after 72 hours from desobstruction. Samples were subjected to zymographic and histological analysis. The zymography did not reveal changes in MMP-2 and MMP-9 values at T4 and T72. However, microscopic evaluation showed laminar tissue lesions (T4 and T72). In conclusion, the inflammatory changes followed by the small colon obstruction led to podal laminar tissue damage. However, the inflammation was not sufficient to induce changes in MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in the evaluated tissue
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Effects of 5’AMP-activated protein kinase agonists in horses with experimentally-induced insulin dysregulationTimko, Kathryn January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Prevalence, risk factors and seasonality of plasma insulin concentrations in normal horses in central ohioMuno, Jill D. 08 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Digital Radiographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Normal Equine Foot: a Focus on the Soft Tissue Structures of the Hoof Wall and SoleGrundmann, Ilva Nena Maria 20 June 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Evaluación del flujo sanguíneo periférico mediante ultrasonografía duplex-doppler en caballos con laminitisAguirre Pascasio, Carla Natali 20 February 2009 (has links)
Objetivos: Evaluar mediante la técnica ultrasonográfica duplex-Doppler (UTD) el flujo sanguíneo de la arteria digital palmar en caballos sanos, con enfermedades que predisponen a laminitis y conlaminitis clínica.Animales: Cuarenta y dos caballos distribuidos en tres grupos: Nuevecaballos sanos (Grupo I), diecinueve caballos con enfermedades quepredisponen a laminitis (Grupo II) y catorce caballos con laminitis clínica(Grupo III). El grupo de caballos enfermos y el grupo de caballos conlaminitis fueron subdivididos en subgrupos (A y B) en función de laexistencia o no de pulso digital (Grupo II) y de cambios radiológicos en latercera falange (Grupo III).Conclusiones y Relevancia clínica: La morfología del espectro Dopplerde la arteria digital palmar junto con el diámetro del vaso, el VF, la ITV y elTAC son los parámetros que más se modifican en caballos con pulsodigital con enfermedades que predisponen a laminitis y laminitis clínica. / To evaluate palmar digital artery blood flow by transcutaneous duplex Doppler ultrasonography (TDU) in healthy horses, horses with diseases those predispose to laminitis and horses with overt laminitis. Animals: Forty-two horses classified in three groups: Nine healthy horses (Group I), nineteen horses with diseases those predispose to laminitis (Group II) and fourteen horses with overt laminitis (Group III). The group of ill horses and the group of horses with overt laminitis were subdivided in subgroups (A and B) depending on the presence of digital pulse (Group II) and the existence of radiological changes in the third phalanx (Group III). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Doppler spectrum blood flow patters of the palmar digital artery together with diameter, VF, ITV and TAC are the more significant parameters in horses with digital pulse and diseases that predispose to laminitis and in horses with overt
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Pedometria no diagnóstico precoce de enfermidades podais em vacas leiteirasRodrigues, Mirian. January 2016 (has links)
Orientador: Celso Antonio Rodrigues / Resumo: Este estudo objetivou a identificação precoce de lesões podais infecciosas e secundárias à laminite, em vacas Holandesas de alta produção, a partir de alterações na pedometria. Foram selecionadas 245 vacas Holandesas de alta produção leiteira, que não apresentaram em 308 dias de lactação, nenhuma enfermidade como: mastite, deslocamento de abomaso, pneumonia, hipocalcemia, retenção de placenta, metrite, diarreia e cetose, que pudesse interferir nos resultados mensurados. Os dados da pedometria (produção de leite, número de passos, número de vezes que o animal deitou e porcentagem de tempo em que ele permaneceu deitado) foram obtidos diariamente e então, calculada uma média semanal. As afecções podais foram avaliadas e classificadas. A úlcera de sola e a dermatite digital foram as de maior incidência com 64,86% e 75% respectivamente, sendo estas associadas aos fatores de risco como o concreto abrasivo, umidade e sobrecarga de peso sobre os dígitos. Nas variáveis pedométricas, a produção de leite foi considerada neste estudo, um fator de risco para desenvolvimento de enfermidades podais. Houve diferença entre o número de passos e quantidade de vezes que os animais deitaram, sendo os animais com lesão aqueles que apresentaram menor atividade pedométrica. Estas variáveis foram adequadas para a detecção precoce de vacas susceptíveis as lesões podais. / Doutor
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Apoptose de c?lulas epidermais lamelares em eq?inos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamat?rios n?o esteroidais. / Epidermal lamellae cells apoptosis on induced laminitic horses treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatoriesGon?alves, Carlos Alexandre Paula 21 August 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-08-21 / The goal of this study was identify whether the number of apoptotic cells in horse s lamellar tissues after carbohydrate overload-induced of laminitis were affected by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. The TUNEL assay and morphological cells changes were used to identify cells that were dying by apoptosis. There was no significant difference between groups. The apoptotic rate was not affected by non-steroidal anti-inflammatories used after developmental phase of laminitis. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar se a administra??o de anti-inflamat?rios n?o esteroidais influenciava no ?ndice apopt?tico de c?lulas epiteliais do tecido lamelar de cavalos com laminite induzida por administra??o de amido. O tecido lamelar foi coletado por bi?psia, fixado e corado pela t?cnica de TUNEL, utilizando-se igualmente a morfologia celular para identifica??o das c?lulas que estivessem em diferentes est?gios de morte por apoptose. N?o houve diferen?a significativa no ?ndice apopt?tico entre os diferentes grupos. Os antiinflamat?rios empregados aplicados na fase de desenvolvimento da laminite n?o influenciaram significativamente os ?ndices apopt?ticos.
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Identificação da microbiota fecal de equinos submetidos a sobrecarga de amido /Bustamante, Caio Carvalho. January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Carlos Augusto Araujo Valadão / Resumo: A microbiota bacteriana intestinal dos equinos é heterogênea e complexa, podendo ser alterada por variações introduzida na dieta. A ingestão excessiva de carboidrato solúvel altera a microbiota intestinal com possíveis consequências catastróficas sistêmicas. Com este estudo, buscou-se avaliar as implicações da sobrecarga dietética experimental com amido sobre a microbiota fecal, correlacionando-a com a indução de laminite aguda. Foram utilizados 10 equinos (fêmeas ou machos castrados) SRD, idade média de 13±5,6 anos, e peso médio de 353±28 kg. Os animais foram distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2x2 com medidas repetidas no tempo, sendo quatro grupos: controle (GC) - água (10L) por sonda nasogástrica e, após oito horas, solução fisiológica 0,9% (5L) pela cânula cecal; controle-tampão (GCT) - água (10L) por sonda nasogástrica e, após oito horas, solução alcalinizante (3,5g de Al(OH)3, 65,6g de Mg(OH)2) e 1,2g de simeticona pela cânula cecal; amido-controle (GAC) - amido (17,6g/kg) diluído em água (10L) e, após oito horas, solução fisiológica 0,9% (5L) pela cânula cecal; amido-tampão (GAT) - amido (17,6g/kg) diluído em água (10L) e, após oito horas, solução alcalinizante (3,5g de Al(OH)3, 65,6g de Mg(OH)2) e 1,2g de simeticona pela cânula cecal. Amostras de fezes foram colhidas da ampola retal em seis intervalos de tempo: T0 (basal); T8; T12; T24; T48; T72 horas, respectivamente, após a indução com amido. Em período imediato à colheita, av... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The horses’ intestinal bacteria microbiota is heterogeneous and complex and can variate according to diet changes. The excessive intake of soluble carbohydrate changes the intestinal microbiota with possible consequences systemic catastrophic. The goal of this study is to evaluate possible changes by starch overload in the fecal microbiota, correlating it with acute laminitis. Ten mixed breed horses (females and geldings), with age 13±5,6 years and weighting 353±28 kg, were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design in 2x2 factorial arrangement with repeated measurements over time, being four groups: control (GC) - water (10L) by nasogastric tube and, after eight hours, physiological solution 0,9% (5L) by cecal cannula; buffer-control (GCT) - water (10L) by nasogastric tube and, after eight hours, buffer solution (3,5g of Al(OH)3, 65,6g of Mg(OH)2) and 1,2g of simethicone by cecal cannula; starch-control (GAC) - starch (17,6g/kg) diluted in water (10L) and, after eight hours, physiological solution 0,9% (5L) by cecal cannula; and buffer-starch (GAT) - starch (17,6g/kg) diluted in water (10L) and, after eight hours, buffer solution (3,5g of Al(OH)3, 65,6g of Mg(OH)2) and 1,2g of simethicone by cecal cannula. The fecal samples were collected from rectal ampoule in six different times: T0 (basal); T8; T12; T24; T48; T72 hours, respectively, after the starch overload. Following this, the lameness, the abdominal pain sings, the water and hay intake, the quality ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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The Role of Systemic Inflammation in the Development of Equine LaminitisTadros, Elizabeth MaryRose 01 December 2011 (has links)
Laminitis is a crippling disease of horses that can result in chronic lameness and debilitation, and sometimes warrants euthanasia. It is a complication of inflammatory conditions such as gastrointestinal disease, and also occurs in obese, insulin-resistant horses with Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS). Inflammation and insulin resistance are risk factors for laminitis, and these mechanisms might converge to induce laminitis in susceptible animals.
Systemic inflammation is often attributed to endotoxemia, although circulating endotoxin concentrations are not commonly measured in the clinical setting. Although a theoretic basis exists for endotoxemia in the pathogenesis of laminitis, administration of endotoxin alone does not induce the condition. This could be related to differences between experimental models and naturally occurring disease.
Studies presented in this dissertation address the overall hypothesis that systemic inflammation causes laminitis and new experimental models can be developed to better represent clinical disease. Associations between systemic inflammation and laminitis were first established by measuring blood inflammatory cytokine expression during a laminitis induction model. A clinically relevant endotoxin model that induced laminitis was then sought, but endotoxin administration alone was insufficient to cause laminitis and endotoxin tolerance developed. Endotoxemia was therefore evaluated in conjunction with predisposing factors such as obesity. In horses with EMS, endotoxin infusion caused exaggerated inflammatory responses, and derangements in glucose homeostasis were more pronounced. Laminitis, however, did not develop. Repeated inflammatory events are implicated in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated organ failure, so a final study was performed to test whether preexisting endotoxemia increased the risk of laminitis during subsequent carbohydrate overload-induced systemic inflammation. This did not occur, however systemic inflammation was more pronounced in horses that developed laminitis compared to non-responders, and tissues rather than circulating leukocytes appeared to be the major source of inflammatory mediators.
Our results do not support a role for endotoxin as the causal agent of laminitis, even when combined with predisposing factors. Tissues appear to be an important source of inflammatory mediators, therefore their role in laminitis should be further characterized. Additionally, future investigations should determine whether exaggerated inflammatory responses and loss of glycemic control increase the risk of laminitis in horses with EMS.
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