The fullerene cage provides an ideal, isolated environment for trapping spin active atoms such as nitrogen or phosphorous. Alignment of these endohedral fullerenes in linear arrays would have applications in quantum computing as the interactions between spin-active molecules can be easily controlled. Self-assembled molecular networks such as block copolymers, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and self-assembled monolayers are ideal for this purpose as the spacing and geometry can be easily tuned. This dissertation will discuss using each of these methods to achieve alignment or orientation of fullerenes for application in quantum information processing.

Die vorliegende Arbeit widmete sich unter grundlagenorientierten und praxisrelevanten Aspekten der Entwicklung maßgeschneiderter, multifunktionalisierter Tenside mit potenziellen Sammler- und Filmbildungseigenschaften im Zusammenhang mit der mineralischen Flotation. Auf der Basis supramolekularer Konstruktionsprinzipien gelang die Synthese dendritisch verzweigter Amphiphile, die relevante Unterschiede in der Hydrophilie-Hydrophobie-Balance aufweisen und in der Flexibilität des Spacersegmentes sowie der peripheren Alkylkettenlänge im hydrophoben Molekülbereich variieren. Im Hinblick auf die Struktur-Wirkungs-Beziehungen der neuartigen Amphiphile fanden Versuche zur Ermittlung der tensidchemischen Parameter sowie Untersuchungen zu ihrem Filmbildungsverhalten statt. Des Weiteren wurden die synthetisierten Tenside im Mikroflotationsversuch auf ihre Eignung als Sammlerkomponenten am Modellmineral Fluorit getestet. Generell führt eine Erweiterung der polaren Haftgruppen zu einer wesentlich besseren Fixierung der amphiphilen Moleküle sowohl an der Phasengrenzfläche Wasser/Luft als auch an der mineralischen Fluoritoberfläche. Darüber hinaus begünstigt eine starre Geometrie die Ausbildung stabilerer monomolekularer Adsorptionsschichten. Im Flotationsprozess bewirken die präorganisierten, dendritisch verzweigten Sammlermoleküle gegenüber konventionellen Reagenzien eine deutliche Effizienzsteigerung.

Les couches minces dérivées du matériau ferroélectrique BaTiO3 présentent un grand intérêt en vue de l'élaboration de composants intégrés pour la microélectronique et les télécommunications. Ainsi, des films de Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) possèdent une forte permittivité dont la valeur peut être modulée sous champ électrique, ce qui permet d'envisager leur utilisation dans des condensateurs aux propriétés ajustables. Cependant, le principal frein à leur intégration est l'importance de leurs pertes diélectriques. Des couches de BST déposées par pulvérisation magnétron radiofréquence ont été caractérisées d'un point de vue structural, chimique et diélectrique afin d'établir une référence. De nouvelles compositions exemptes de plomb, comme le BTZ (BaTi1-xZrxO3) et le BST substitué avec de l'étain, ont été synthétisées en vue d'abaisser les pertes. Des mesures diélectriques en température ont mis en évidence le caractère relaxeur des couches minces de BTZ riches en zirconium, et la copulvérisation a permis d'étudier l'ensemble de la solution solide BaTiO3-BaZrO3. Enfin, un nouveau type d'hétérostructures alliant le BST à une barrière diélectrique de SiO2 a permis d'atteindre des pertes très inférieures à 0.5% tout en conservant une permittivité et une accordabilité satisfaisantes.

Thèse doctorat : Chimie Physique : Strasbourg 1 : 2006. / Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 24 p.

Central to the implementation of colloidal nanomaterials in commercial applications is the development of high throughput synthesis strategies for technologically relevant materials. Solution based synthesis approaches provide the controllability, high throughput, and scalability needed to meet commercial demand. A flow through supercritical fluid reactor was used to synthesize silicon nanowires in high yield with production rates of ~45 mg/hr. The high temperature and high pressure of the supercritical medium facilitated the decomposition of monophenylsilane and seeded growth of silicon nanowires by gold seeds. Crystalline nanowires with diameters of ~25 nm and lengths greater than 20 [micrometers] were routinely synthesized. Accumulation of nanowires in the reactor resulted in deposition of a conformal amorphous shell on the crystalline surface of the wire. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine the shell composition. The shell was identified as polyphenylsilane formed by polymerization of the silicon precursor monophenylsilane. A post synthesis etch was developed to remove the shell while still maintaining the integrity of the crystalline silicon nanowire core. Subsequent surface passivation was achieved through thermal hydrosilylation with a terminal alkene. The development colloidal nanomaterials into commercial applications also requires simple and robust bottom-up assembly strategies to facilitate device fabrication. A Langmuir-Blodgett trough was used to assemble continuous monolayers of hexagonally ordered spherical nanocrystals over areas greater than 1 cm². Patterned monolayers and multilayers of FePt nanocrystals were printed onto substrates using pre-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps and a modified Langmuir Schaefer transfer technique. Patterned features, including micrometer-size circles, lines, and squares, could be printed using this approach. The magnetic properties of the printed nanocrystal films were also measured using magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Room temperature MFM could detect a remanent (permanent) magnetization from multilayers (>3 nanocrystals thick) films of chemically-ordered L1₀ FePt nanocrystals. Grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering was used to quantitatively characterize the grain size, crystal structure, lattice disorder, and edge-to-edge spacing of the nanocrystal films prepared on the Langmuir-Blodgett trough both on the air-water interface and after transfer. / text

Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2007. / Bibliogr.: f. [85]-86. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.

Univ., Diss.--Köln, 1997.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:35:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_ml_me_bauru.pdf: 1014691 bytes, checksum: d6234b7cfd38238526074b3a223731a8 (MD5) / Neste trabalho investigaram-se a fabricação dos filmes de Langmuir e de filmes Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) mistos obtidos do azopolímero poli(metacrilato de lauroila-cometacrilato de DR1) com estearato de cádmio (StCd). A fabricação dos filmes LB desse azopolímero somente foi possível utilizando-se o StCd como suporte molecular. A caracterização espectroscópica dos filmes LB foi feita através de espectroscopia de absorção no UV-Visível e no infravermelho. As medidas de birrefringência fotoinduzida dos filmes LB mistos do azopolímero com StCd foram feitas em função do tempo durante a formação da birrefringência e no decaimento após a luz de excitação ter sido desligada. Os resultados experimentais obtidos nas medidas mostraram que a amplitude máxima da birrefringência obtida durante a excitação aumenta com a intensidade da luz de excitação e o número de camadas dos filmes LB. Foi também estudada a dinâmica da formação e do decaimento determinando-se as constantes de tempo dos processos de orientação usando funções biexponenciais do modelo de Sekkat / Fabrication of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) mixed films of poly(lauroyl-methacrylate co-DR1 methacrylate) and cadmium stearate (CdSt) were investigated. The fabrication of LB films from this azopolymer was achieved only if CdSt molecular support is used. Spectroscopic characterization of films were performed by means of UV-Vis and infrared measurements. Photoinduced birefringence measurements of LB mixed films of azopolymer with CdSt were performed as function of time during the buildup of the birefringence and the decay after turning off the excitation light. Experimental results showed that the maximum birefringence achieved during the light excitation increased with the number of layers of the LB film and light intensity. Photoinduced birefringence dynamics was also investigated during the buildup and decay aiming to determine the time constants of bi-exponential functions given by the Sekkat model

Orientador: José Alberto Giacometti / Banca: José Leonil Duarte / Banca: Neri Alves / O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, PosMat, tem caráter institucional e integra as atividades de pesquisa em materiais de diversos campi da Unesp / Resumo: Neste trabalho investigaram-se a fabricação dos filmes de Langmuir e de filmes Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) mistos obtidos do azopolímero poli(metacrilato de lauroila-cometacrilato de DR1) com estearato de cádmio (StCd). A fabricação dos filmes LB desse azopolímero somente foi possível utilizando-se o StCd como suporte molecular. A caracterização espectroscópica dos filmes LB foi feita através de espectroscopia de absorção no UV-Visível e no infravermelho. As medidas de birrefringência fotoinduzida dos filmes LB mistos do azopolímero com StCd foram feitas em função do tempo durante a formação da birrefringência e no decaimento após a luz de excitação ter sido desligada. Os resultados experimentais obtidos nas medidas mostraram que a amplitude máxima da birrefringência obtida durante a excitação aumenta com a intensidade da luz de excitação e o número de camadas dos filmes LB. Foi também estudada a dinâmica da formação e do decaimento determinando-se as constantes de tempo dos processos de orientação usando funções biexponenciais do modelo de Sekkat / Abstract: Fabrication of Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) mixed films of poly(lauroyl-methacrylate co-DR1 methacrylate) and cadmium stearate (CdSt) were investigated. The fabrication of LB films from this azopolymer was achieved only if CdSt molecular support is used. Spectroscopic characterization of films were performed by means of UV-Vis and infrared measurements. Photoinduced birefringence measurements of LB mixed films of azopolymer with CdSt were performed as function of time during the buildup of the birefringence and the decay after turning off the excitation light. Experimental results showed that the maximum birefringence achieved during the light excitation increased with the number of layers of the LB film and light intensity. Photoinduced birefringence dynamics was also investigated during the buildup and decay aiming to determine the time constants of bi-exponential functions given by the Sekkat model / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:00:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 aoki_phb_me_bauru.pdf: 3726182 bytes, checksum: c582cd9cf1e3d2f3af8f65685764355e (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A presente dissertação de mestrado trata da fabricação de filmes ultrafinos (nanômetros de espessura) de fosfolipídios aniônicos (DPPG e CLP) e zwiteriônicos (DPPC e DOPC) utilizando as técnicas layer-by-layer (LbL) e Langmuir-Blodgett (LB), possibilitando assim a obtenção de filmes com diferentes arquiteturas moleculares. O objetivo principal foi explorar a aplicação destas diferentes arquiteturas moleculares na detecção do fármaco fenotiazínico azul de metileno (AM) em soluções diluídas. O crescimento linear, camada por camada, desses filmes foi verificado e monitorado por espectroscopia de absorção no UV-Vis. Verificou-se por FTIR que o crescimento dos filmes LbL e LB é determinado por interações eletrostáticas entre os fosfolipídios e o polieletrólito catiônico PAH utilizado como camada de suporte, favorecendo o crescimento dos filmes com fosfolipídios aniônicos. A morfologia foi analisada através de microscopias ópticas, AFM e MEV, revelando que os fosfolipídios estruturam-se como vesículas nos filmes LbL e monocamadas nos filmes LB. Filmes LbL e LB de fosfolipídios com diferentes espessuras foram então depositados sobre eletrodos interdigitados de Pt formando unidades sensoriais que foram aplicadas na detecção de AM via espectroscopia de impedância. Os resultados mostraram que as diferentes arquiteturas moleculares dos filmes LbL e LB levam a respostas elétricas distintas e permitem a detecção de AM em concentrações de nanomolar. A técnica SERS foi utilizada para obter informações estruturais do sistema AM/fosfolipídios nos níveis de diluição alcançados via espectroscopia de impedância. Para tanto, monocamadas LB foram depositados sobre filmes evaporados com 6 nm de Ag e nanopartículas de Ag foram dispersas no interior dos filmes LbL. A presença da Ag na forma de nanopartículas em ambos os casos permitiu a obtenção... / Thin films of anionic (DPPG and CLP) and zwiterionic (DPPC and DOPC) phospholipids with different molecular architectures were fabricated using the layer-by-layer (LbL) and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) techniques. The main goal of this work was to explore the Application of these distinct molecular architectures in the detection of high diluted solutions of methylene blue (MB), a phenothiazine derivative drug. The linear growth, layer by layer, of these films was verified and monitored by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. It was found by FTIR that electrostatic interactions among the phosholipids and the supporting layer of PAH (cationic electrolyte) are the main driving force allowing the growth of the LbL and LB films, which favors the growth of the cationic phospholipids. The morphology was analyzed through optical microscopy, AFM and SEM, revealing that the phospholipids are structured as vesicles in the LbL films and as monolayers in the LB films. Different thickness of LbL and as monolayers in the LB filma containing phospholipids were deposited onto Pt interdigitated electrodes forming sensingn units applied in the detection of MB using impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that the different molecular architectures of the LbL and LB films take to different eletrical responses and allow the MP detection in concentrations of nanomolar. The SERS technique was applied to obtain structural information of the system MP/phospholipids at the dilution levels reached via impedance spectroscopy at the dilution levels reached via impedance spectroscopy. Then, LB monolayers were deposited onto 6nm of Ag evaporated films with and Ag evaporated films with and Ag nanoparticles were dispersed within the LbL films. The presence of Ag forming nanoparticles in both cases played a key role in achieving the MB SERRS signal allowing obtaining the detection in high dilution levels, approaching... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)