Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1982. / Bibliography: leaves 518-524. / Microfiche. / xiii, 524 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1985. / Bibliography: leaves 147-151. / Photocopy. / xiv, 151 leaves, bound 29 cm

"May 2002" / Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of English, Linguistics and Media, Department of Linguistics, 2003. / Bibliography: p. 399-419. / Introduction -- Brief overview of above-clause analysis in Japanese -- Methodology and conventions of analysis -- Marco Polo text -- Bean Scattering Day text -- University lecture text -- Family conversation text -- Generalisation and a university tutorial text -- Conclusion. / This thesis is concerned with the construction of texture in Japanese, in particular with resources related to the general area of cohesion and particular aspects of participant tracking. An investigation is here presented as to the degree to which conventional views adequately represent Japanese in the light of authentic data. Such statements as "WA marks Given information", "GA marks New information", "zero is a pronoun in Japanese" are common throughout the literature characterising Japanese texts, but there is reason to believe that they stem, at least in part, from a naive transfer of English grammars, in particular, those with a narrow focus on the sentence. This thesis proposes a new framework for the description of Japanese; and in this proposal, an essential dimension is a detailed account of relevant contextual factors, both linguistic and nonlinguistic. The aim is to offer a description of Japanese more defensible to Japanese speakers, that is, to represent Japanese "in its own terms". -- Chapter 1 sets out problems and issues in the related literature on Japanese cohesion. It also addresses issues that are seen to be most pressing in relation to the description of Japanese. The chapter gives a brief account of the resources for cohesion and referential tracking and the particular deployment in Japanese, so that it offers a provisional account of the meaning potential for Japanese speakers. -- Chapter 2 reviews several standard treatments of cohesion and participant tracking in Japanese. This review is organised around two different kinds of resources, that is, those pre-predicate elements (such as WA, GA and other particles), and those post-predicate elements (such as conjunctive particles and certain sentence final expressions). -- Chapter 3 explains the method undertaken here and the conventions of analysis employed in subsequent desclipiions of texts from five separate contexts. Methods are set so as not only to view choices synoptically, but also to try to give careful description of choices in the logogenetic reality of text. That means the choices are viewed as being available to the speaker, writer or reader, as they unfold in text time. -- In each of Chapters 4,5,6 and 7, one of the following four texts, a (1) Marco Polo Text, (2) Bean Scattering Day Text, (3) University Lecture Text and (4) Family Conversation Text, is analysed and discussed in detail. The texts are chosen for the detailed examination of four different registers, representing a continuum from most written-like to most spoken-like, as well as continua of other kinds (like hierarchically differentiated social distance and formality differentiated). Each chapter has two major components, the first of which looks at subject realisations from the perspective of referential progression, and the second of which looks at the text from the perspective of subjectJreferent sequencing. Furthermore, these issues concerning subject are mapped against the macro structures individually for the three "writerly" texts (Texts (1) - (3)). -- In Chapter 8, generalisations are proposed, based on the results of the investigations of these four texts; and then, those principles, as they have emerged from the preceding arguments, are tested on a further study: (5) the University Tutorial Text, a text which combines characteristics across the continuum from most written to most spoken. (It is both strongly dialogic as well as involving sustained spoken 'turns'.) In Chapter 9, findings of the analytical chapters are further distilled. The outline for a new, although provisional, model of cohesion in Japanese is set out. These findings suggest future directions for research projects as well. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xix, 591 p

M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Cette etude a une envergure bipartite: outre qu'elle se consacre aux quantificateurs flous avec une forte concentration sur certain(s), diver(s), differents(s), plusieurs et quelque(s), elle compare leurs emplois avec ceux du Dictionnaire des frequences. Avant tout, elle se veut descriptive et synchronique. Dans cette optique, elle se base sur un corpus clos, celui de l'idiolecte de l'anthropologue francais Claude Levi-Strauss. Ce corpus numerise compte dix sous-corpus d'inegale longueur, couvrant cinq decennies de la deuxieme partie du XX[sup e] siecle et totalisant 1 251 792 mots. Par ailleurs, il englobe 3872 occurrences des cinq quantificateurs flous en question. Dans un premier temps, il s'agit d'une analyse distributionnelle a laquelle s'ajoute une analyse componentielle. Nous mettrons en evidence les contextes d'apparition de chacun des cinq quantificateurs flous dans le corpus en plus de leur appliquer une batterie de tests semantiques et syntaxiques pour deceler leur fonctionnement dans la langue francaise. Pour ce qui concerne le semantisme, nous presenterons ce que d'autres linguistes tels Arrive, Gadet & Galmiche, Chevalier, Curat, Damourette & Pichon, Gondret, Grevisse, Gross, Mitterand, Riegel, Pellat & Rioul et Wilmet ont a dire a propos1 de ces cinq quantificateurs flous. Ce chemin parcouru, nous pourrons tester l'hypothese que divers, differents et plusieurs forment un sous-systeme au sein de la classe de quantificateurs flous alors que certains(s) et quelque(s) en forment un autre. La seconde partie de cette etude consiste en une analyse statistique. II s'agit d'une comparaison des frequences relatives des cinq quantificateurs flous dans le corpus de Levi-Strauss avec celles du Dictionnaire des frequences qui livre l'equivalent d'une norme de la langue: il totalise 70 317 234 mots, dont 37 653 685 relevent du XX[sup e] siecle. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

Dispersion of mass is a measure of the deviation of transportation of fluid in a reactor from ideal reactor behavior (perfect mixing or plug flow) caused by the combined effects of diffusion, convection and migration. Axial dispersion is always undesirable because it reduces the driving force of the reaction and therefore causes a lower level of conversion. On the other hand, transverse dispersion is often a desirable feature since good transverse mixing will reduce the transverse concentration and temperature gradients and hence improve the selectivity of a thermochemical reactor. Transverse dispersion of mass is of more importance in a three-dimensional flow-by electrochemical reactor than that in a thermochemical reactor because the potential drop is in the transverse direction and the reaction rate and selectivity are determined by the potential as well as concentration and temperature distributions. The transverse dispersion of mass is expected to have a more profound effect on the performance of a 3D electrochemical reactor due to the strong interaction among the concentration, temperature and potential distributions in the transverse direction. In the present work, the axial and transverse dispersion of mass were studied with a twodimensional dispersion model in two types of rectangular packed bed: i) randomly packed glass beads with the average bead diameter of 2 mm and a macroscopic bed porosity of 0.41; ii) a representation of a 3D flow-by electrode - consisting of a bed of carbon felt with the carbon fibre diameter of 20 urn and a macroscopic bed porosity of 0.95. A tracer stimulation-response system was set up and axial and transverse dispersion of In Blackfoot, DPs appear to take obligatory wide scope with respect to the universal quantifier while bare nouns take obligatory narrow scope with respect to the universal quantifier. I propose that the difference in scope-taking properties of Blackfoot nominals is a consequence of their syntactic position. I propose that over argument DPs are adjoined to the clause whereas bare nouns are base generated in an argument position. I suggest that the scope properties fall out from this distinction in the syntax. The Blackfoot universal quantifier, ohkan-, is a preverb. That is, ohkan- occurs as a part of the verb stem preceding the verb root itself. I propose that ohkan- is head of its own QP which takes the VP as its complement. I follow Sportiche (1998) in categorizing ohkan- as a stranded quantifier since it is base generated external to VP. Bare nouns, since they are generated within VP, are structurally inferior to ohkan-, since they are within its c-command domain. The adjoined DPs, however, are structurally superior to ohkan-, since they are adjoined to the clause. I propose that the structural superiority of DPs translates to their obligatory wide scope. Conversely, the structural inferiority of bare nouns translates to their obligatory narrow scope. Blackfoot is a relatively understudied Algonquian language spoken in Southern Alberta and Northern Montana. The Blackfoot data presented in this work come primarily from my own work with two Blackfoot speakers. Both of my language consultants hail from Southern Alberta speak and the Blood dialect of Blackfoot. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate

M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract