TITLE: Hypertext and its didactic process for productive skills practise SUMMARY: The Master thesis deals with usage of the hypertext in the foreign language teaching. There was a didactic plan of the e-larning proposed in the realized pedagogic research, which was tested in use through the internet social network Facebook. The subject of the pedagogic research is the practise of the productive skills by students of german language at the A1 CEFR level. The intension of the research was the evaluation of the e-learning contribution at the area of the skills practise. This was evaluated on the basis of the didactical analysis of the authentical language material in hypertext, by pedagogical observation of the involved group and by further questionnaire. KEYWORDS: german language e-learning hypertext productive skills internet

Uma análise atenta do material de ensino de Português-Língua Estrangeira (PLE) ora existente no mercado revelará que as situações de conversação a que são expostos os alunos prendem-se, em sua maioria, paradoxalmente apenas à sintaxe do português culto escrito. Tal modalidade da língua, conforme demonstrado por diversos estudos realizados na linha da Pragmática e da Análise da Conversação (como, por exemplo, o PROJETO NURC e a coleção GRAMÁTICA DO PORTUGUÊS FALADO), acaba por distanciarse do português oral utilizado pelos brasileiros em sua prática cotidiana. A sintaxe do português falado, essencial para a comunicação, é pouco explorada no material didático de PLE. Inerentes à língua oral, encontramos diversos recursos para garantir o desempenho lingüístico na fala além da sintaxe prescritiva e do léxico. É tendo em vista tal importância desses recursos e cientes de que não se podem empregar as mesmas unidades sintáticas na língua escrita e na oral, que propomos uma investigação da utilização dos marcadores discursivos nos diálogos apresentados nos livros de PLE para que, num passo posterior, possamos questionar sua real eficácia como instrumento legítimo de ensino de língua estrangeira para fins de comunicação e competência pragmática. Nossa proposta de investigação da exploração de marcadores discursivos nos diálogos apresentados em livros didáticos de PLE tem como arcabouço teórico a Análise da Conversação, iniciada na década de 60 com base no princípio etnometodológico de que todos os aspectos da ação e interação social podem ser examinados e descritos em termos de organização estrutural. / A close look at the materials currently used for teaching Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL) will show us that the vast majority of conversation instances to which PFL students are exposed in class do not reflect the actual oral language used by Brazilians. The guidelines of such conversation instances are paradoxically based on written syntax as used by educated Brazilian native speakers only, which appears not to be the speech used by Brazilians in their daily practice as demonstrated by several studies in the field of Pragmatics and Conversation Analysis (such as \"PROJETO NURC\" and the \"GRAMÁTICA DO PORTUGUÊS FALADO\" series). Although it plays a vital role in communication, spoken Portuguese syntax is seldom explored in PFL materials. Several resources inherent to oral language may be used to ensure linguistic performance in addition to prescribed syntax and lexicon. This paper will take such resources into consideration as well as the idea that written and oral languages do not use the same syntactic units in order to examine the use of discourse markers in PFL materials. This will further lead to questioning whether the oral language currently presented in PFL materials is an effective tool to teach PFL aimed at real communication and pragmatic competence. The examination of the use of discourse markers in PFL materials will be carried out on the basis of Conversation Analysis theories. These guidelines stemmed from ethnomethodology in early 1960s, when researchers started out with the assumption that all aspects involved in both social action and interaction could be described in terms of structural organization.

Este estudo tem como objetivo conduzir de forma teórica e prática o ensino de Língua Inglesa aos acadêmicos da Universidade da Maturidade (UMA). A UMA é um projeto de extensão do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), criado em 2006. Neste trabalho buscou também, apresentar a temática da Língua Inglesa de maneira em que tanto o ensino, como a aprendizagem, fosse assimilado de maneira significativa, em que o universo dos velhos fizesse presente em cada aula, sendo ela teórica, e consequentemente, prática. Neste estudo de caso foram detalhadas seis aulas de Língua Inglesa ministrada aos velhos acadêmicos da UMA com duração de uma hora e trinta minutos cada, o que resultou num projeto de culminância de todas essas aulas, sendo acrescentadas mais três aulas para o projeto intitulado, MasterChef’s Cake UMA. Nele, os 25 acadêmicos participantes utilizaram da teoria do vocabulário de uma receita de bolo simples, para apresentarem o mesmo, confeccionado pelos acadêmicos que formaram grupos divididos pela professora/pesquisadora desse estudo, a fim de finalizarem o período de estudo daquele semestre. Portanto, baseado em teóricos que tratam sobre o processo de ensino/aprendizagem da Língua Inglesa de maneira relevante e que traga o entendimento a esse velho, em que muitos, já não acreditavam em seu cognitivo, que é possível, por meio de signo e significado, que todas as idades têm a chance e possibilidade de aprender. Mesmo sabendo que a capacidade de absorver deste velho, o conteúdo programático, não seja igual a de um jovem. Mas se observar o seu contexto social, suas particularidades e especificidades, podemos sim, reter bons rendimentos desse acadêmico, significativamente. Conclui-se que passado e presente necessitam ser latentes no ensino para os velhos, pois quanto mais chegarmos perto da realidade deles, mais prazeroso e significativo será sua aprendizagem. E quanto mais os professores entenderem o universo dos velhos, melhor será suas práxis. Enfim, faz-se necessário o destaque de que este estudo é o início de estudos e análises futuros, pode-se aprofundar o estudo de outras línguas estrangeiras, bem como associar a Língua Inglesa ao uso da tecnologia, um campo a ser explorado na UMA, dentre outras possibilidades. / This study aims to conduct in a theoretical and practical way the teaching of English Language to the academics of the Universidade da Maturidade (UMA). The UMA is an extension project of the Pedagogy course of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), created in 2006. In this work, we also tried to present the theme of the English Language in a way in which both teaching and learning were assimilated in a meaningful way, in which the universe of the elderly made present in each class, being theoretical and therefore practical. In this case study, six English language classes were given to the old UMA academics lasting one hour and thirty minutes each, which resulted in a project culminating in all of these classes, and three more classes were added to the project titled MasterChef's Cake UMA. In it, the 25 participating students used the vocabulary theory of a simple cake recipe to present the same, made by the students that formed groups divided by the teacher / researcher of that study, in order to finish the study period of that semester. Therefore, based on theorists who deal with the teaching / learning process of the English Language in a relevant way and that brings the understanding to this old one, in which many, no longer believed in their cognitive, which is possible, through sign and meaning, which all ages have the chance and possibility to learn. Even though the ability to absorb this old, programmatic content, is not equal to that of a young person. But if we observe their social context, their particularities and specificities, we can, yes, retain good income of this academic, significantly. We conclude that past and present need to be latent in teaching for the old, for the closer we get to their reality, the more enjoyable and meaningful their learning will be. And the more teachers understand the universe of the old, the better their praxis will be. Finally, it is necessary to emphasize that this study is the beginning of future studies and analyzes, it is possible to deepen the study of other foreign languages, as well as to associate the English Language with the use of technology, a field to be explored in UMA , among other possibilities.

The work gives overview of its three main topics: semantic web, information extraction and ontology learning. A method for identification relevant information on web pages is described and experimentally tested on pages of companies offering products and services. The method is based on analysis of a sample web pages and their position in the Open Directory catalogue. Furthermore, a modfication of association rules mining algorithm is proposed and experimentally tested. In addition to an identification of a relation between ontology concepts, it suggest possible naming of the relation.

This study intended to investigate the language learning strategies used by learners of English as a foreign language, aiming to find the amount of strategies and the domain differences of the strategies used / to reveal the link between strategy use and success levels / and to find out the difference in strategy use between genders and its influence on their achievement in English. 257 (153 male, 104 female) students from Atilim University English Preparatory School participated in the study. At the time of the study all the participants were in the same proficiency level, and were distributed to different classes of the same level. The data were gathered through strategy inventory for language learning (SILL) of Oxford (1990), which was translated to Turkish by Cesur and Fer (2007). The instrument, based on Oxford&rsquo / s (1990) classification of the language learning strategies, is composed of 50 items in six subscales. The participants responded to the inventory before the end of the level they were in. The data were analyzed through SPSS (15.0) to find the relationship of language learning strategies, gender and achievement in learning the target language. To reveal the interconnections between these factors, independent t-tests and an ANOVA test, along with post hoc procedures were performed on the gathered data. The findings of the study revealed that use of language learning strategies are positively effective in success in English, that females were significantly more successful than males in terms of achievement tests, and that they used more language learning strategies in learning English. Depending on the statistical results, it is discovered that there is a significant connection between gender, language learning strategies and achievement in English.

Language teachers, including educators from all levels &ndash / from primary to college level &ndash / and teacher trainers have all agreed with the idea that it is impossible to consider language skills as independent from each other since each of them has a great contribution to the language itself as a whole system. However / it cannot be ignored that all language teachers have also agreed with the idea that reading is a skill that has its own significance, especially in foreign language education. What makes reading so unique is that it can be considered to be the door that is about to be opening to a new world in which the target language is spoken. In that sense, as an essential skill, reading, throughout the centuries, has also had its own keys that have been difficult to be unlocked even by the native speakers of English. This matter of fact brings the question to the light that what guardians are waiting in front of this castle door especially for foreign language students. Although many scholars claim that formal aspect of language, including syntactical and lexical features, stand as great challenge, they ignore the cultural significance of a language. The relationship between language, thought and culture shows that even formal aspects are affected by culture. This fact brings the importance of &lsquo / content schema&rsquo / as well as &lsquo / formal schema&rsquo / in reading to surface. However, now the question is that how it is possible to provide students with sufficient cultural background. As foreign language students are less likely to experience exposure to foreign culture when compared to second language learners, there is an urgent need to create a &lsquo / social context&rsquo / or &lsquo / second hand reality&rsquo / in Kovalik&rsquo / s terms in classroom settings. At this point, literature is believed to give her helping hand to FL students with her wide range of texts carrying a variety of formal aspect of language, but at the same time, a range of cultural components, and thus, constructing &lsquo / schema&rsquo / for them. Apart from this, what literature offers is examined in detail within the framework of brain-based learning principles. This paper tends to contribute to this controversial issue with a case study, which aims to illustrate that the use of literature in FL settings enhance language/cultural awareness. The result of the study showed that 1) literature is a useful source to teach the formal aspects of language such as grammar and vocabulary (language awareness) 2) literature contributes to students&rsquo / cultural awareness which is essential to have language awareness 3) literature is a brain-compatible source with various advantages over the other written materials. In accordance with what is mentioned above, this study has a direct aim to show how ELT and Literature can intrude the ancient walls of this castle when work interdisciplinary.

This study aimed to identify the relationship between foreign language speaking anxiety and foreign language learning motivation. In addition to this, the motivational level of learners, the effect of gender on this motivational level and the relationship between motivational orientations were examined. Besides, the level of foreign language speaking anxiety that the students experience, the effect of gender on this anxiety and the relationship between foreign language speaking anxiety and students&rsquo / motivational level were also investigated. Finally, foreign language speaking anxiety was studied in detail via face to face interviews. Participants of the study included 383 pre-intermediate students at Afyon Kocatepe University English preparatory program. The data were collected via two questionnaires administered to these participants and 19 participants were interviewed to get in-depth data on speaking anxiety. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The results of the quantitative data revealed that students had a moderate level of foreign language learning motivation, female students were more motivated than males and motivational orientations were positively correlated on a moderate level. It was also found that students at AKU experienced a low level of foreign language speaking anxiety and female students got more anxious than males while speaking English in classroom atmosphere. Besides, foreign language speaking anxiety and foreign language learning motivation were found to be negatively correlated on a moderate level. Quantitative data of the study demonstrated that foreign language speaking anxiety is a separate phenomenon with its own sources, aspects, variables and effects on learners.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-170).

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on February 1, 2009). Department of English, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Julie A. Belz, Ulla M. Connor, Thomas A. Upton. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-67).

Der Umgang mit der musikalischen Fachsprache wird in den meisten Lehrplänen für den Musikunterricht der Sekundarstufe I gefordert. Allerdings fehlt nicht nur in den Lehrplänen, sondern auch in der musikdidaktischen Literatur eine inhaltliche Ausgestaltung dieser Forderung. Über Inhalt, Umfang und Ziel der in der Schule anzuwendenden musikalischen Fachsprache herrscht daher keine Klarheit. Empirische Untersuchungen zu den sprachlichen Inhalten im Musikunterricht liegen ebenfalls nicht vor. Auch in vielen anderen Unterrichtsfächern ist die Forschungslage die sprachlichen Inhalte betreffend überschaubar. Mit der Verwendung von Sprache sind jedoch nicht nur Kommunikationsprozesse verbunden, sondern gleichzeitig Lernprozesse innerhalb der Sprache, von der Wortschatzerweiterung bis zur Herstellung von inhaltlich-thematischen Zusammenhängen. Diese Lernprozesse werden beeinflusst von der Wortwahl der Lernenden und Lehrenden. Die Wortwahl der Lernenden lässt gleichzeitig einen Schluss zu auf den Stand des Wissens und dessen Vernetzung. Auf dieser Basis ist der sprachliche Inhalt des Musikunterrichtes der Gegenstand der vorgelegten Arbeit. Ziel der Studie war herauszu¬finden, inwieweit es gelingen kann, durch die Art und Weise des Einsatzes und den Umfang von Fachsprache im Musikunterricht Lernprozesse effektiver und erfolgreicher zu gestalten und besser an Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsbedürfnissen der Lernenden auszurichten. / Dealing with the musical technical terminology is required in most curricula for the teaching of music in the secondary school level. However, lacking in the curriculum and in the music didactic literature a substantive aspect of this requirement. About the content, scope and purpose of the applicable school musical technical terminology, there is no clarity. Empirical studies on the linguistic content in music lessons are also not available. In many other subjects, the research situation, the linguistic content is rare. With the use of language are connected communication processes and learning processes within the language of the vocabulary extension to the production of content and thematic connections. These learning processes are influenced by the choice of words the students and teachers. The wording of the learners can be at the same time a conclusion as to the state of knowledge and its networking. On this basis, the linguistic content of the music teaching is the subject of this study. The aim of the study was to find out discover what extent it possible to make by way of the use and scope of the technical language in music teaching learning process more effective and more successful and better align to current and future needs of the learner.