From the middle of the eighteenth century, the use of left-hand pizzicato and harmonics began to become more common in violin playing. Over time, these techniques underwent substantial developments thanks to several different violinists, among others Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst. These developments, however, have not been adequately investigated or documented, and in general, ignorance and misconceptions prevail regarding who contributed what, as well as to the significance of these individual contributions.This thesis attempts to present Ernst's contributions in this area, and also advance that his lack of adequate recognition is unfair. In order to do this, a more complete and chronologically accurate review of the development of left-hand pizzicato and harmonics from the beginning of their development has been drawn up. This has been done through critical reviews and comparisons of different contemporary sources such as musical journals, violin methods and musical scores.The conclusion has been drawn that Ernst contributed to the development of left-hand pizzicato and harmonics to a greater extent than has been adequately recognised. The importance of his role in this development is partially due to the number of his individual contributions, but primarily because he enabled the violin to play the role of several independent instruments played simultaneously in a more advanced fashion, which has arguably changed the outlook of the instrument.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal elaborar um plano de ações com alternativas na preparação e colocação da mão esquerda no violino para estudantes de violino. Desenvolveu-se em um estudo experimental, com seis estudantes do Conservatório e da Graduação da Universidade de Caldas na Colômbia. O processo de investigação foi fundamentado em quatro tópicos: (1) a análise do posicionamento inicial da mão, dedos e braço esquerdo, (2) a introdução de padrões motores e de movimentos alternativos, (3) a comparação da mão esquerda antes e depois do plano de ações alternativas, e (4) a avaliação do plano de ações. Este estudo incluiu a coleta de dados por meio de registro de vídeo antes e depois das ações propostas. Esta proposta procura possíveis soluções para tensões musculoesqueléticas, que estão na origem da colocação inadequada dos dedos, mão e braço. O processo teve a fundamentação bibliográfica em Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873-1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) entre outros. / The aim of this investigation was to develop a plan of actions for teaching and/or improving left hand positioning of beginner violin students. The goal was to have a teaching alternative that could help solving musculoskeletal tension, derived from inadequate positioning of fingers, and hand. An experimental study was conducted with six students from the Conservatory of Music and undergraduates of the University of Caldas, Colombia. The investigation was based on four topics: (1) analysis of the initial position of hand, fingers and left arm; (2) teaching of the proposed alternative motor and movement patterns; (3) comparison of the left hand before and after the action plan; and (4) evaluation of the action plan. For data collection during this study, video recording were done before and after the actions. This study was based on the writings of Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873- 1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) among others.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal elaborar um plano de ações com alternativas na preparação e colocação da mão esquerda no violino para estudantes de violino. Desenvolveu-se em um estudo experimental, com seis estudantes do Conservatório e da Graduação da Universidade de Caldas na Colômbia. O processo de investigação foi fundamentado em quatro tópicos: (1) a análise do posicionamento inicial da mão, dedos e braço esquerdo, (2) a introdução de padrões motores e de movimentos alternativos, (3) a comparação da mão esquerda antes e depois do plano de ações alternativas, e (4) a avaliação do plano de ações. Este estudo incluiu a coleta de dados por meio de registro de vídeo antes e depois das ações propostas. Esta proposta procura possíveis soluções para tensões musculoesqueléticas, que estão na origem da colocação inadequada dos dedos, mão e braço. O processo teve a fundamentação bibliográfica em Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873-1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) entre outros. / The aim of this investigation was to develop a plan of actions for teaching and/or improving left hand positioning of beginner violin students. The goal was to have a teaching alternative that could help solving musculoskeletal tension, derived from inadequate positioning of fingers, and hand. An experimental study was conducted with six students from the Conservatory of Music and undergraduates of the University of Caldas, Colombia. The investigation was based on four topics: (1) analysis of the initial position of hand, fingers and left arm; (2) teaching of the proposed alternative motor and movement patterns; (3) comparison of the left hand before and after the action plan; and (4) evaluation of the action plan. For data collection during this study, video recording were done before and after the actions. This study was based on the writings of Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873- 1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) among others.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal elaborar um plano de ações com alternativas na preparação e colocação da mão esquerda no violino para estudantes de violino. Desenvolveu-se em um estudo experimental, com seis estudantes do Conservatório e da Graduação da Universidade de Caldas na Colômbia. O processo de investigação foi fundamentado em quatro tópicos: (1) a análise do posicionamento inicial da mão, dedos e braço esquerdo, (2) a introdução de padrões motores e de movimentos alternativos, (3) a comparação da mão esquerda antes e depois do plano de ações alternativas, e (4) a avaliação do plano de ações. Este estudo incluiu a coleta de dados por meio de registro de vídeo antes e depois das ações propostas. Esta proposta procura possíveis soluções para tensões musculoesqueléticas, que estão na origem da colocação inadequada dos dedos, mão e braço. O processo teve a fundamentação bibliográfica em Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873-1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) entre outros. / The aim of this investigation was to develop a plan of actions for teaching and/or improving left hand positioning of beginner violin students. The goal was to have a teaching alternative that could help solving musculoskeletal tension, derived from inadequate positioning of fingers, and hand. An experimental study was conducted with six students from the Conservatory of Music and undergraduates of the University of Caldas, Colombia. The investigation was based on four topics: (1) analysis of the initial position of hand, fingers and left arm; (2) teaching of the proposed alternative motor and movement patterns; (3) comparison of the left hand before and after the action plan; and (4) evaluation of the action plan. For data collection during this study, video recording were done before and after the actions. This study was based on the writings of Paul Rolland (1911-1981), Ivan Galamian (1903-1981), Carl Flesch (1873- 1944), Yehudi Menuhin (1916-1999) among others.

No description available.

Uppsatsen gör en kvalitativ närläsning av utvalda passager i science fiction-verken Dune - Frank Herbert (1965), The Left Hand of Darkness - Ursula K. Le Guin (1969) och Dawn - Octavia E. Butler (1987). Materialet analyseras utifrån ett ekokritiskt perspektiv. Dess samband med posthumanistisk teori aktualiseras också i dess gemensamma ifrågasättande av människan och dess självbild. Syftet är att undersöka hur verken både återspeglar och aktualiserar ekokritiska perspektiv i gestaltning av människan och miljö. Vidare diskuteras resultatet i förhållande till gymnasieskolans värdegrundsinnehåll kopplat till klimatförändringar och hållbar utveckling för att presentera hur science fiction kan behandla dessa frågor i undervisningen. Slutsatserna visar att verken återspeglar ekokritiska perspektiv i deras gestaltning av människan i en alternativ framtid där relationen gentemot naturen ges en stor betydelse, till exempel som bärande av en kultur och i gestaltning av människors försök till kontroll gentemot dess omgivning. De alternativa perspektiven bär vikt i förhållande till den posthumanistiska kritiken av människan genom att ifrågasätta och gestalta människan i en biologisk och kulturell förändring. Verken visar hur science fiction-genren ger nya perspektiv på människans framtida varande. Samtliga insikter går att koppla till samtida diskussioner gällandes klimatförändringar och dess konsekvenser på människan och blir därav högst aktuella att behandla på gymnasieskolan.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of left-hand training on piano performance among college students with no piano background. A pilot study and an expanded study were conducted over a two year period. Volunteers for each study were randomly assigned to either a control group or a treatment group. The control group was instructed in the traditional manner, using simple melodies in the right hand and chordal figures in the left hand. The treatment group, however, was instructed using simple melodies in the left hand and chordal figures in the right hand. At the end of the training period, a posttest was given. The areas tested included "Pitch Accuracy in the Left Hand," "Pitch Accuracy in the Right Hand," "Rhythmic Accuracy in the Left Hand," "Rhythmic Accuracy in the Right Hand," and "Overall Technical Proficiency." The results of both studies consistently showed significantly improved playing skills in the treatment group. Future experimental research was recommended. This should include an extended training period, larger sample size, different age groups, different socioeconomic backgrounds, and different preferred hands. / Master of Arts

ABSTRACT Ursula K. Le Guin is an American author of novels, short stories, poems, children's books, and essays; she predominantly writes science fiction and fantasy. Le Guin first began publishing in the 1960s and continues her work today including speaking engagements in and around her home in Portland, Oregon. Her most recent publication is The Real and Unreal: Selected Stories (2 vol) from 2012. Le Guin is particularly known for her books set in the Hainish Universe. These short stories and novels comprise what is sometimes referred to as the Hainish Cycle and discuss various themes of gender, ecology, religion, and politics. The universe is believed to be seeded from and governed principally by the world known as Hain. The Hainish global government undergoes a transformation from its original iteration as the imperial League of All Worlds into the more cosmopolitan peace-keeping Ekumen and while the publication chronology of the works and the internal chronology of the universe differ there is a notable political evolution from the League to the Ekumen. By studying the characters of Raj Lyubov, Genly Ai, and Havzhiva from the novels The World for World is Forest (1972), The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), and Four Ways to Forgiveness (1995) this paper will examine assumed cultural understandings regarding themes of empire, imperialism, cosmopolitanism, and governance by building on the criticism of James W. Bittner and David M. Higgins. I will utilize the theoretical science fiction frameworks of Steve Shaviro and Istvan Csicsery-Ronay Jr. in conjunction with Michael Ignatieff's theory Empire Lite to demonstrate Le Guin's capacity to continually envision new parameters for alien contact and negotiation and explain how her work in world building and character development challenges readers to question existing concepts of empire through the evolution and exhaustion of two systems of global governance.

This thesis seeks to discuss conducting technique in relation to real-time communication of Vamp, Safety-Bars and Lead-Ins through left-hand gestures within the context of opera and musical theatre. The research aims to develop a codified set of gestures suitable for the left-hand. It will explore and analyse left-hand gestures which are commonly used, but not yet codified, and the importance in which the preparatory beat plays a role in communicating the Vamp and Lead-In. This research also aims to establish a framework for conductors to create their own left-hand gestures and better understand musical structure used in Opera and Musical Theatre. The new gestures developed through research into visual and body languages (such as sign languages) as well as body movement (sound painting). The gestures will be tested through one artistic project, with three sections, then analysed using methods of qualitative inquiry. The paper is narrative based in its structure; with the reader guided through each topic by the last. The introduction sets up the main idea for this thesis, then each section is guided by these elements. The research questions and aims were formed because of the available literature; thus, they appear after the theory chapter.

 Title: Analysis of overhead throw in baseball  Objectives: to describe the work of muscles musculus trapezius dexter, sinister and musculus pectoralis major dexter, sinister during the classic side overhead throw, the throw without using left arm, the front throw, the pitch from the floor and the pitch from the pitching hill using the surface electromyography; to compare all types of the throws and to determine the differences between them  Methods: surface elektromyography, video content analysis  Results: based on the results of the analysis we can say, that the activity of the chosen muscles during the various types of throws differs in intensity and in the duration of action potencial as well  Keywords: baseball, surface elktromyography, overhead throw, throw without using left hand, front throw, pitch