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Analyses are performed on the potential of using radio-frequency signals from massive LEO satellite constellations. This work aids in the creation of a navigation system independent of current GNSS. A tightly-coupled carrier Doppler shift/INS filter is developed to determine the feasibility of using signals of opportunity from LEO satellites for navigation purposes. This portion of the work makes two major contributions to the field of satellite-based radio-navigation systems. The first contribution is an analysis that shows GNSS-like position accuracy is possible using only INS measurements and carrier Doppler shift from LEO communication constellations. The second contribution is that INS quality, signal availability, and constellation design can significantly impact the navigation accuracy of a carrier Doppler shift/INS Kalman filter. An analysis of the costs and benefits of using model replacement over a Markov model in the dynamic propagation step of a tightly-coupled carrier Doppler shift/INS Kalman filter is performed in the next part of this work. This portion of the work makes contributions to the field of satellite-based radio-navigation systems. The main contribution is an analysis that shows Gauss-Markov models can be used instead of model replacement without increasing navigation error. Next, a DOP analysis is developed for systems using pseudorange and carrier Doppler shift measurements in point-solution batch filters that do not rely on INS data or dynamic propagation. This section's contributions to the field of satellite-based radio-navigation systems include a combined pseudorange and carrier Doppler shift DOP analysis using a novel DOP metric and an example of how to use the DOP analysis to identify the constellation characteristics, such as alternating ascending and descending nodes, that the OneWeb constellation could change to increase navigation accuracy. / Doctor of Philosophy / This dissertation presents research on using large communication satellite constellations as an independent backup to GPS. Simulated data are used to study the feasibility and navigation accuracy of such a system. Also investigated are different implementations of the algorithms used to navigate. Finally, a general analysis is developed to quickly approximate the navigation accuracy of a system that uses multiple measurement types.

This thesis investigates the design and the performance of low-power microsensors that communicate directly to a satellite or a constellation of satellites. Information is spread using pseudo noise (PN) or Barker codes. The sensors use a single circular microstrip patch element with a wide beamwidth or a miniature phased array antenna that continuously scans to access the satellite(s). The array beam is controlled with a beam-forming network (BFN), which contains 3 or 4-bit phase shifters, which can be made in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) or in monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC). The antennas are designed using array simulation program called 'ARRAY' and the results are used in another simulation program called Advanced Design System (ADS) to simulate the whole sensor package that uses one of the antennas. The simulation results show that a sensor as small as 2.35 cm in diameter is able to send information with data rate of 1 kbps at bit error rate less than 10?? to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites with a transmitted power of 27.5 microwatts (-15.6 dBm). / Master of Science

[ES] En el marco de esta tesis se van a estudiar, principalmente, los efectos del movimiento de alta dinámica en receptores de Sistemas Globales de Navegación por Satélite (GNSS). El término alta dinámica es un término utilizado para referirse al movimiento de los vehículos en los que van embarcados receptores GNSS, los cuales se mueven lo suficientemente rápido como para causar un gran desplazamiento en frecuencia de la portadora debido al efecto Doppler. Se identificarán los problemas inherentes a este tipo de entornos y se estudiarán y propondrán soluciones. Para poder efectuar el estudio de estos fenómenos, se diseñará un demostrador tecnológico (conjunto de hardware y software para prueba y prototipado de tecnologías) en el que desarrollar el estudio de los casos de interés. Con el fin de trabajar en un entorno repetible, se utilizará un generador de señal GNSS. La señal generada se traslada a un receptor de radiofrecuencia definido por software, Software Defined Radio (SDR). Este tipo de receptor únicamente se encarga de digitalizar la señal de entrada y de llevar las muestras digitales a un ordenador, de modo que todo el procesado de señal se implementa en dicho ordenador. Este esquema de trabajo es ideal habida cuenta de su simplicidad y flexibilidad. Dicha flexibilidad conlleva la posibilidad de sintonizar el demostrador para poder estudiar una amplia gama de arquitecturas de receptor GNSS. Una vez se haya ensamblado el demostrador, se comprobará su correcto funcionamiento en escenarios conocidos usando los algoritmos más utilizados a día de hoy en receptores GNSS. Asegurado el correcto funcionamiento, se comparará el rendimiento de algoritmos de referencia con los algoritmos a estudiar y se extraerán conclusiones. / [CA] En aquest treball s'estudiaran, principalment, els efectes del moviment d'alta dinámica en receptors de Navegació per Satèl.lit GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). La denominació alta dinámica, s'utilitza per a descriure el moviment dels vehicles dins dels quals hi han receptors GNSS. El moviment d'aquests vehicles és suficientment ràpid com per a causar un gran desplaçament en freqüència de la freqüència portadora. Aquest desplaçament és consqüència de l'efecte Doppler. S'identificaran els problemes inherents d'aquest tipus de entorns GNSS i es propsararàn solucions. Per a estudiar l'efecte de l'alta dinàmica, es dissenyarà un demostrador tecnològic (conjunt de maquinari i software per a proves i prototipat de tecnologies) en que es pot desenvolupar l'estudi dels casos d'interès. Amb l'objectiu d'aconseguir treballar en un entorn repetible s'utilitzarà un generador de senyal GNSS. El senyal es processarà mitjançant un receptor SDR (Software Defined Radio). Aquest tipus de receptor s'encarrega del processat que fa un receptor GNSS en un PC. Aquesta filosofia de treball és idónia per la seua flexibilitat i simplicitat. Quan s'haja ensamblat el demostrador, és comprovarà el seu correct funcionament en escenaris de prova utilitzant els algoritmes implementats en receptors GNSS comercials. En aquest moment, el demostrador estarà preparat per a estudiar el casos d'alta dinàmica, que és l'objectiu fonamental d'aquest treball. / [EN] The study of the effects of the high dynamics on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers constitute the main matter of study in this work. The term high dynamics refers to the movement of vehicles that carry GNSS embedded receivers, which move fast enough to generate a large carrier frequency drift caused by the Doppler effect. The problems linked to these environments will be characterized and solutions to counteract possible signal impairments will be discussed. In order to correctly characterize these problems, a technological demonstrator (set of hardware components interacting with software tools enabling fast prototyping) will be designed and constructed. Using this technological demonstrator, different case studies will be developed. With the aim of achieving experimental repeatability, a GNSS signal generator will be used. The generated GNSS signal is fed to a Software Defined Radio (SDR) GNSS receiver. This receiver type is in charge of digitizing the analog RF signal and carrying the resulting samples to a computer in which signal processing tasks implementing the functions of GNSS receivers, take place. The main advantage linked to the usage of this work scheme is that by changing the software part, different receiver architectures can be implemented in a simple manner. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the flexible architecture it is possible to tune the detector in such a manner that it is possible to implement many different architecture types. Once the technological demonstrator is assembled, tests to assure its correct operation will be conducted by performing comparisons with the behaviour of well-known GNSS receivers in known scenarios. Later on, comparative tests using signals from high dynamics scenarios will take place. Insight and analysis of comparative performance will be given. / Alcaide Guillén, C. (2019). Design and development of a technological demonstrator for the study of high dynamics GNSS receivers [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/131697

On April 27, 1913, the body of thirteen-year-old Mary Phagan was discovered in the basement of her workplace in Atlanta, Georgia. Over the course of the following two years, her employer, Leo Frank, would be tried and convicted for her murder. Another employee, Jim Conley, a black janitor originally implicated in the crime, provided the evidence used to convict Frank. In my thesis, I explain the multiple identities created to describe the victim and her accused murderer(s). Press reports, trial records, and secondary historical accounts of the crime all reveal a fascination with the young female victim and a desire to solve the mystery of her death. By examining personal identity as a cultural construction, I re-evaluate the manner in which we define and describe crime. Phagan's murder became a cautionary tale, a narrative of sexual danger within the model city of the New South. My thesis illustrates the importance of understanding murder as an event occurring within and shaped by a social context. The murder of Mary Phagan and the Frank case demonstrate how we ascribe meaning to tragic events and how variables such as race, class, gender, and age affect the outcome of criminal procedures. / Master of Arts

Das ist die zweite und aktualisierte Auflage des Buches (Wolodtschenko 2017) über den russisch-schwedischen Wissenschaftler, Kartensammler, Bibliographen und Kartenhistoriker, Mitgründer und Redakteur der internationalen Zeitschrift „Imago Mundi“ (1935-1957), ehemaligen russischen Adligen und Marineoffizier der Russischen Kaiserlichen Flotte (19051917), Lew [Leo] Semjonowitsch Bagrow (1881-1957). Leo Bagrow wird als aktiver Förderer des geographisch-kartographischen und kartenhistorischen Wissens, Herausgeber von Büchern und Zeitschriften, Schriftsteller, Veranstalter und Teilnehmer von Sondermissionen und Ausstellungen, Student bzw. „Freizeitstudent“ und Hochschullehrer, Mitglied einer Vielzahl von militärischen und zivilen Kreisen und Verbänden vorgestellt.:INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Vorwort zur zweiten Auflage 5 Präambel 7 I. Russische Periode (1881-1918) 9 II. Berliner Periode (1919-1945) 34 III. Stockholmer Periode (1945-1957) 55 Fazit 77 Literaturliste 81 Verzeichnis der Abbildungen, Tabellen, Abkürzungen und Bildatlanten 86 Strukturmodell des seitenbezogenen semiotischen Potentials des Buches 90

A partir das letras de fado acerca da cidade de Lisboa cuja colheita, inédita, foi parte inicial desta investigação o presente trabalho procura mostrar de que modo a cidade de Lisboa é vista e representada por seus habitantes. A análise de um corpus de 183 canções que cantam a cidade enquanto tal (e não elementos dela: o castelo, o Tejo, bairros, telhados, personagens), revelam que Lisboa é quase sempre uma mulher. Em seguida, o presente estudo dedica-se a interpretar, utilizando como método o círculo filológico da estilística de Leo Spitzer, o fenômeno da personificação de Lisboa no fado, primeiro por uma perspectiva diacrônica e depois sincronicamente. Por último, dedica-se a revelar que tipo de mulher é Lisboa, e sua relação com as vendedoras ambulantes (varinas, saloias, minhotas) e meretrizes que historicamente frequentavam as ruas da cidade e hoje frequentam apenas o imaginário popular. E principalmente a relação de Lisboa-mulher com o mito da Maria Severa. / Based on the lyrics of fado for which there has been no previous research or collection into one study this thesis seeks to show how the city of Lisbon is seen and represented by its inhabitants. The analysis of a corpus of 183 songs that sing the city as such (and not elements of it: the castle, the Tagus, neighborhoods, roofs, characters), shows that Lisbon is most of the time portrayed as a woman. Subsequently, the present study interprets, using the \"philological circle\" proposed by Leo Spitzer as a method, the phenomenon of personification of Lisbon in fado, first by a diachronic perspective and then synchronically. Finally, it investigates what kind of woman Lisbon is, and its relationship with the female street vendors (varinas, saloias, minhotas) and harlots who historically inhabited the city\'s streets but today are present only in the imagination of its people. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the Lisbon-woman and the myth of Maria Severa.

A partir das letras de fado acerca da cidade de Lisboa cuja colheita, inédita, foi parte inicial desta investigação o presente trabalho procura mostrar de que modo a cidade de Lisboa é vista e representada por seus habitantes. A análise de um corpus de 183 canções que cantam a cidade enquanto tal (e não elementos dela: o castelo, o Tejo, bairros, telhados, personagens), revelam que Lisboa é quase sempre uma mulher. Em seguida, o presente estudo dedica-se a interpretar, utilizando como método o círculo filológico da estilística de Leo Spitzer, o fenômeno da personificação de Lisboa no fado, primeiro por uma perspectiva diacrônica e depois sincronicamente. Por último, dedica-se a revelar que tipo de mulher é Lisboa, e sua relação com as vendedoras ambulantes (varinas, saloias, minhotas) e meretrizes que historicamente frequentavam as ruas da cidade e hoje frequentam apenas o imaginário popular. E principalmente a relação de Lisboa-mulher com o mito da Maria Severa. / Based on the lyrics of fado for which there has been no previous research or collection into one study this thesis seeks to show how the city of Lisbon is seen and represented by its inhabitants. The analysis of a corpus of 183 songs that sing the city as such (and not elements of it: the castle, the Tagus, neighborhoods, roofs, characters), shows that Lisbon is most of the time portrayed as a woman. Subsequently, the present study interprets, using the \"philological circle\" proposed by Leo Spitzer as a method, the phenomenon of personification of Lisbon in fado, first by a diachronic perspective and then synchronically. Finally, it investigates what kind of woman Lisbon is, and its relationship with the female street vendors (varinas, saloias, minhotas) and harlots who historically inhabited the city\'s streets but today are present only in the imagination of its people. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the Lisbon-woman and the myth of Maria Severa.