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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
provided by the
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 21 to 28 of 28 (0.059 seconds)| 21 |
Life without Parole for Juvenile Offenders: Questions of Legality and Adolescent CulpabilityCorrington, David L. 08 1900 (has links)
Life without parole for juvenile offenders is a controversial issue across the globe. Recently, the United States stands alone as the only country in the world that allows juvenile offenders to be sentenced to life time confinement without the possibility of parole. Furthermore, the U.S. has seen an increase in juvenile waivers and blended sentences, which has resulted in harsher penalties for juvenile offenders who have committed serious and violent crimes. This analysis examines scientific evidence that shows juveniles are different from adults in terms of brain development, rational decision making abilities, and maturity levels. These findings have questioned the reasoning behind imposing adult punishment on adolescent behavior. This analysis also presents the legal arguments suggesting that juvenile life without parole is unconstitutional and violates the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. Arguments for and against life sentences were also presented. This study concludes with a discussion of policy implications, whether the U.S. Supreme Court should abolish juvenile life without parole sentencing practices and explores the possible future direction of juvenile sentencing in the United States.
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Life imprisonment in penological perspectiveHlongwane, Amon Lemmy 11 1900 (has links)
The inmates who are serving life imprisonment are provided with the treatment programmes throughout their incarceration period until they are released from custody. In addition, they are afforded with their primary and secondary needs in prisons. Before the lifers are released from prison, pre-release programmes are presented to them in order to facilitate their reintegration process into the community. After the
lifers are released from prisons on parole, the community corrections offices further facilitate their reintegration process into the community. / Penology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Penology)
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Life imprisonment in penological perspectiveHlongwane, Amon Lemmy 11 1900 (has links)
The inmates who are serving life imprisonment are provided with the treatment programmes throughout their incarceration period until they are released from custody. In addition, they are afforded with their primary and secondary needs in prisons. Before the lifers are released from prison, pre-release programmes are presented to them in order to facilitate their reintegration process into the community. After the
lifers are released from prisons on parole, the community corrections offices further facilitate their reintegration process into the community. / Penology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Penology)
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Jak se projevuje totální instituce v životě vězně odsouzeného na doživotí / As is reflected in the total institution lifeBabková, Johana January 2011 (has links)
The subject of this thesis is a description and analysis of life imprisonment prisoners' daily life. The thesis deals with wider integration of daily life in jail. The jail as an institution and its impact on prisoners' life is described in theory. Problems of life imprisonment, key words connected with daily reality of total institutions and jail as a formal organization are also analysed. This work points out the lost of life imprisonment prisoner's identity and the importance of process adaptation in it. That means that life in jail is connected to identity lost during his collision with total institution. This process of identity lost is obvious particularly in of life imprisonment prisoners. In theoretical part of this thesis I derive from references of sociologists who work with topics of total institutions, stigmatization, moral career, technique of power and other sociological concepts. I try to show the impact of punishment on one's identity, what strategies of dealing with stress prisoners use and the whole picture of prisoner's personality impacted by the isolation from outer world to the end of the life. I would like to summarize the daily routine of life imprisonment prisoner. I suppose that this thesis doesn't give unambiguous conclusions but I would like to expound this sphere and...
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Doodvonnis in Suid-Afrika : dinamiek van nie-teregstelling en afskaffingVisser, Gerhardus 04 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Executions were discontinued during November 1989. In February 1990 the State
President announced a moratorium on executions. Since 27 July 1990 the
Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1990 effected important changes to the substantive
law and procedure regarding the death sentence. The "new" death sentence
dispensation was applied by the courts and the moratorium would be lifted
as soon as the new dispensation became effective. That never materialised.
The death sentence issue was dealt with in a game of political compromise.
Criminal law and the esteem of the Government suffered as a result. Judicial
frustration and uncertainty developed regarding application of the death
sentence. The opportunity was seized by the abolitionists to attain their
ideal. The Constitutional Court declared the death sentence unconstitutional.
Presently a final Constitution is being drafted which will probably finally
do away with the death sentence. An effective process of denigration of the
death sentence thus resulted from the moratorium on executions. / Teregstellings is gedurende November 1989 gestaak. Op 2 Februarie 1990 het
die Staatspresident 'n moratorium op teregstellings afgekondig. Vanaf
27 Julie 1990 het die Strafregwysigingswet, 1990, belangrike verstellings aan
die materiele en prosessuele reg met betrekking tot die doodvonnis gemaak.
Die "nuwe" doodvonnisbedeling is deur die howe toegepas. Die moratorium sou
opgehef word sodra die "nuwe bedeling" op dreef was. Dit het nie gebeur nie.
'n Spel van kornprornie-politiek random die doodvonniskwessie het horn afgespeel.
Die strafregpleging en die Regering se aansien het daaronder gely. Regterlike
frustrasie het posgevat en regsonsekerheid oar die toepassing van die doodvonnis
het ontstaan. Die geleentheid is deur die afskaffers aangegryp om hul
ideaal te verwesenlik. Die Konstitusionele Hof het die doodvonnis ongrondwetlik
verklaar. Tans word 'n finale Grondwet geskryf wat waarskynlik die doodvonnis
gaan afskaf. 'n Effektiewe proses van aftakeling van die doodvonnis
het dus sedert die moratorium op teregstellings plaasgevind. / Criminal & Procedural Law / LL. M.
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Doodvonnis in Suid-Afrika : dinamiek van nie-teregstelling en afskaffingVisser, Gerhardus 04 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Executions were discontinued during November 1989. In February 1990 the State
President announced a moratorium on executions. Since 27 July 1990 the
Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1990 effected important changes to the substantive
law and procedure regarding the death sentence. The "new" death sentence
dispensation was applied by the courts and the moratorium would be lifted
as soon as the new dispensation became effective. That never materialised.
The death sentence issue was dealt with in a game of political compromise.
Criminal law and the esteem of the Government suffered as a result. Judicial
frustration and uncertainty developed regarding application of the death
sentence. The opportunity was seized by the abolitionists to attain their
ideal. The Constitutional Court declared the death sentence unconstitutional.
Presently a final Constitution is being drafted which will probably finally
do away with the death sentence. An effective process of denigration of the
death sentence thus resulted from the moratorium on executions. / Teregstellings is gedurende November 1989 gestaak. Op 2 Februarie 1990 het
die Staatspresident 'n moratorium op teregstellings afgekondig. Vanaf
27 Julie 1990 het die Strafregwysigingswet, 1990, belangrike verstellings aan
die materiele en prosessuele reg met betrekking tot die doodvonnis gemaak.
Die "nuwe" doodvonnisbedeling is deur die howe toegepas. Die moratorium sou
opgehef word sodra die "nuwe bedeling" op dreef was. Dit het nie gebeur nie.
'n Spel van kornprornie-politiek random die doodvonniskwessie het horn afgespeel.
Die strafregpleging en die Regering se aansien het daaronder gely. Regterlike
frustrasie het posgevat en regsonsekerheid oar die toepassing van die doodvonnis
het ontstaan. Die geleentheid is deur die afskaffers aangegryp om hul
ideaal te verwesenlik. Die Konstitusionele Hof het die doodvonnis ongrondwetlik
verklaar. Tans word 'n finale Grondwet geskryf wat waarskynlik die doodvonnis
gaan afskaf. 'n Effektiewe proses van aftakeling van die doodvonnis
het dus sedert die moratorium op teregstellings plaasgevind. / Criminal and Procedural Law / LL. M.
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Towards the abolition of the death penalty in Africa: A Human Rights perspectiveChenwi, Lilian Manka 06 October 2005 (has links)
The death penalty has been an issue of debate for decades and it is of great relevance at present. Different reasons have emerged that make recourse to the death penalty appear necessary, such as, that it serves as a deterrent, it meets the need for retribution and that public opinion demands its imposition. Conversely, more convincing arguments have been raised for its abolition, amongst which is the argument that it is a violation of human rights. Africa is seen as one of the “death penalty regions” in the world, as most African states still retain the death penalty despite the growing international human rights standards and trends towards its abolition. Further, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights makes no mention of the death penalty. The death penalty in Africa is therefore an issue that one has to be particularly concerned about. During the 36th Ordinary Session (2004) of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, for the first time, the death penalty was one of the issues discussed by the Commission. Commissioner Chirwa initiated debate about the abolition of the death penalty in Africa, urging the Commission to take a clear position on the subject. In view of this and the international human rights developments and trends on the death penalty, discourses on the abolition of the death penalty in Africa are much needed. Accordingly, this study examines the death penalty in Africa from a human rights perspective. It seeks to determine why African states retain the death penalty, the ways in which the current operation of the death penalty in African states conflicts with human rights, what causes obstructions to its abolition in Africa, and whether it is appropriate for African states to join the international trend for the abolition of the death penalty. The current status and operation of the death penalty in Africa is first examined. The historical background to the death penalty in Africa from a traditional and western perspective is also discussed. Subsequently, the main arguments advanced by Africans (including African leaders, writers, priests and government officials) for the retention of the death penalty in Africa are evaluated. The study goes further to examine the death penalty in African states in the light of the right to life, the prohibition of cruel inhuman and degrading treatment and fair trial rights at both the international and national levels. After examining the death penalty in African states, the study arrives at the conclusion that it is appropriate for African states to join the international trend for the abolition of the death penalty, considering that the death penalty in Africa conflicts with human rights, the justifications for its retention are fundamentally flawed, and that alternatives to the death penalty in Africa exist. A number of recommendations are then made, which are geared towards the abolition of the death penalty in Africa. / Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted
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Practicing the law of human dignityChatzipanagiotou, Matthildi 03 March 2016 (has links)
Die philosophischen Grundlagen der Meta-Dimension des Rechts auf Menschenwürde lösen eine Fragestellung aus, die die Grenzen der Disziplin des Rechts übertrifft: wie könnte das Transzendentale als ein Aspekt der Bedeutung von Menschenwürde dargestellt werden? Das Beharren auf der nicht-Bestimmung des Menschenbildes oder auf dem Begriff ‚Gott’ in der Präambel des Deutschen Grundgesetzes, wie es sich in der Deutschen Dogmatik widerspiegelt, gepaart mit dem Bestreben nach einer Fall-zu-Fall ad hoc Konkretisierung dessen, was Menschenwürde bedeutet, inspiriert diese Untersuchung von ‚etwas fehlt’ [‘something missing’]. In postmoderner Art und Weise beschreibt diese Geschichte das Gesetz der Menschenwürde als Trojanisches Pferd und bietet hermeneutische und literarische Grundlagen für eine affirmative Haltung gegenüber einer ''leeren'' Rede im juristischen Diskurs. Die Forschungsfrage erweckt und umkreist die polemisch verbrämten Begriffe von ‚Leere’ und ‚Black Box’: Warum erscheint der Rechtsbegriff der Menschenwürde ‚leer’? Oder wie ist er ‚leer’? Warum und wie ist er eine ‚Black Box’? Wie erscheinen Manifestationen des Konzepts abstrakt wie Universalien, aber im Einzelnen konkret? Die ontologischen, sprachlich-analytischen und phänomenologischen philosophischen Erkenntnisse, vorgestellt im ersten Kapitel, bilden die Linse, durch die fünf maßgebliche Fälle des Bundesverfassungsgerichtes – über Abtreibung, lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe, Transsexualität, staatliche Reaktion auf Terroranschläge und die Gewährleistung eines menschenwürdigen Existenzminimums – im zweiten Kapitel analysiert werden. Die philosophischen Quellen werden nicht als Momente im langen Verlauf der Menschenwürde in der Geschichte der Ideen eingeklammert. / The philosophical underpinnings of what may be called the meta-dimension of the law of human dignity trigger a question that surpasses the boundaries of the discipline of law: how could the transcendental as an aspect of human dignity meaning be portrayed? The insistence on non-determination of the Menschenbild [human image] or ‘God’ in the Preamble to the German Basic Law [Grundgesetz] reflected in German legal doctrine, paired with the commitment to case-by-case ad hoc concretization of what human dignity means inspire this story of ‘something missing’. In postmodern fashion, this story portrays the law of human dignity as a Trojan Horse and provides hermeneutic and literary foundations for an affirmative stance towards ‘emptiness’ talk in legal discourse. The research question rekindles and twists polemically framed ‘emptiness’ and ‘black box’ contentions: Why does the legal concept of human dignity appear ‘empty’? Or, how is it ‘empty’? Why and how is it a ‘black box’? How do manifestations of the concept appear abstract as universals and concrete as particulars? The ontological, linguistic-analytical, and phenomenological philosophical insights presented in Chapter One compose the lens through which five benchmark Bundesverfassungsgericht cases – on abortion, life imprisonment, transsexuals, state response to terrorist attacks, and the guarantee of a dignified subsistence minimum – are analyzed in Chapter Two. The philosophical sources are not bracketed as moments in the long course of human dignity in the history of ideas.
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