This thesis deals with the house arrest sanction which is one of alternatives of the unsuspended sentence of imprisonment. The author tries to summarize accessible information on the history of house arrest and electronic monitoring. The main aim of the thesis is to briefly present substantive and procedural legal regulation of the house arrest sentence in the Czech Republic. This thesis also covers other issues such as the role of the Probation and Mediation Service in the process of imposing the sanction of house arrest and in the enforcement of this sanction, advantages and disadvantages of house arrest and the outline of legal regulation of house arrest in some other states.

The Master's thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of possible alternatives to imprisonment. It is indisputable that incarceration is the most severe penalty that can be applied to law-breakers in the Czech Republic. To use this punitive measure in cases where it might not be appropriate would be in breach of humanitarian principles and of proportionality. For this reason, it is incumbent on states to reflect on how their correctional system might be improved. The main aim of this Master's degree thesis is to examine non- custodial sentences in the Czech Republic and briefly compare them to those in operation in other countries. It also analyses whether the Czech correctional system is satisfactory. The author explores the question of whether an improvement in this area of the penal system would result in a corresponding reduction in the prison-rate. The text focuses on house-arrest, community service orders, suspended sentences, and fines, since they are the most common non-custodial sanctions. The thesis is composed of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. The initial two chapters are introductory and define the basic terminology used in the text. The first chapter, which considers the concept of punishment, is subdivided into four parts. Firstly, it describes what punishment...

The topic of my thesis are the alternatives to unconditional sentence of imprisonment, while the main emphasis is given to conditional sentence, conditional sentence with supervision, house arrest, a sentence of community service and financial penalty, which means alternative punishments in narrow sense. The aim of my thesis is to describe and summarize the legislation concerning alternative sanctions to unconditional sentences of imprisonment, and to assess the usage of alternative sanctions, as well as to present proposals de lege ferenda. The paper consists of introduction, six chapters, and conclusion. The first chapter analyses the concept of punishment, its purpose and elemental principles that apply for imposing sentences. The introduction to the second chapter focuses on disadvantages of imposing unconditional sentence of imprisonment. It also deals with short-term punishments. It mentions international approaches to alternative measurements, especially the activity of the UN and the Council of Europe. Furthermore, this chapter describes the system of alternative measures. It presents process alternatives, known as diversions, and substantive alternatives, including alternatives to punishment and alternative sanctions. The conclusion of the second chapter deals with the alternative...

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the legal issues of the sentence of house arrest. The author deals with the importance of house arrest for restorative justice, the role of this sentence among alternative sanctions to imprisonment and the legislation in the Czech Republic in her thesis. She also focuses on the history of house arrest, experience from abroad and the advantages and disadvantages of this punishment. Part of the work is devoted to the Probation and Mediation Service and Electronic monitoring.

Esta pesquisa, de natureza aplicada e abordagem eminentemente quantitativa, concebeu como objetivo diagnosticar o microssistema das penas alternativas nas comarcas de menor porte do estado do Tocantins, sob os enfoques da organização do serviço, da aplicação e do cumprimento das penas propriamente ditas, a partir dos parâmetros da eficiência e da eficácia. A pesquisa documental, relacionada à busca de ações penais e de execuções penais, concatenou-se com os processos baixados entre os anos de 2015 e 2016, como critério de corte. Paralelamente, empreenderam-se revisões sistemáticas de literatura e de jurisprudência, por meio de livros, artigos, dissertações e teses, nas bases de dados da biblioteca física da Escola Superior da Magistratura Tocantinense (ESMAT), e de forma virtual, na base de dados dos bancos de teses da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), e da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), por meio dos descritores selecionados: pena alternativa, pena restritiva de direito, gestão e eficiência. Foram também realizadas pesquisas nos bancos de jurisprudência dos Tribunais Superiores, e ainda em alguns Tribunais estaduais. Os conteúdos foram delimitados pela norma jurídica, e em saberes interdisciplinares com a área da administração. Sua base teórica identifica-se ao modelo criminológico de terceira geração das inter-relações sociais, especialmente à teorização da criminologia clínica de inclusão social. Concluiu-se que o microssistema das penas alternativas está em pleno funcionamento e tem amplas condições de melhorias. Há falhas menores em sua estrutura na fase de aplicação da pena, mas, por outro lado, existe relevante ausência de meios da fase de cumprimento da pena. Os métodos e os processos gerenciais se mostraram mais imperfeitos na fase da execução, embora nos dois momentos tenha se detectado problemas de tempo e de qualidade quanto aos padrões estabelecidos, principalmente em uma interpretação sistemática constitucional. O funcionamento do serviço não pode ser considerado eficiente, especialmente na fase executiva. O microssistema também não é eficaz nas perspectivas gerencial e criminológica e, portanto, não se demonstrou efetivo. Na perspectiva normativa, sua ineficácia está adstrita a algumas hipóteses legais. Ao final, apresentaram-se as principais condições que facilitam e dificultam o funcionamento do microssistema, e proposições para o seu aperfeiçoamento. / This research aimed to diagnose the microsystem of alternative sanctions in the smaller judicial districts of the state of Tocantins. The study focused on the organization of the service, the application and compliance of the penalties, from efficiency and efficacy parameters, in an applied nature study with a mainly quantitative approach. A desk research of criminal actions and penal executions was carried out with the processes that were downloaded between the years 2015 and 2016, as a cut-off criterion. Concurrently, systematic reviews of literature and jurisprudence were undertaken, through books, articles, dissertations and theses, in the databases of the physical library of Superior School for Magistrates in Tocantins (ESMAT), and in a virtual way in the Thesis Database of São Paulo University (USP) and Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), using the selected descriptors: alternative sanctions, restrictive penalties, management and efficiency. Research was also carried out in databases of jurisprudence of the Superior Courts and in some Courts of the States of Brazil. The contents were delimited by the Legal norm, and interdisciplinary knowledge of Administration field. Its theoretical background identifies itself to the third-generation criminological of social interrelationships regards, especially to the clinical criminology model of social inclusion. It was concluded that the Microsystem of Alternative Sanctions is in full operation and it has many conditions for improvement. There are minor inadequacies in the structure of the penalty application phase, but there is a significant lack of means in the penalty enforcement phase. The methods and the management processes proved more flawed in the stage of execution, although in both moments, time and quality problems were detected concerning the established standards, especially in a systematic Constitutional interpretation. The operation of the service can not be considered efficient, especially in the executive stage. The microsystem is also not efficacious in managerial and criminological perspectives and therefore has not been proven effective. In the normative perspective, its inefficacy is attached to some legal hypotheses. At last, the study presented the main conditions that hinder or facilitate the operation of the microsystem, as well as the propositions for its improvement.

Home detention as an alternative sanction in the Czech Republic and in England and Wales This thesis mainly aims on describing certain type of punishment generally called home detention and it's different forms that it takes within the jurisdiction of England and Wales and the Czech Republic. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide overview of those variants of home detention alongside with description of requirements that need to be fulfilled so that the home detention may be imposed. This thesis also provide description of processes of execution of home detention and description of processes that are triggered when conditions of home detention are breached in both England and Wales and the Czech Republic. Comparison of Czech and English forms of home detention shall highlight deficiencies existing mainly in Czech legislation. This thesis is divided into four main chapters that deal with various issues relating to the main topic of this thesis. Meaning of the term of punishment is explained in the first chapter of this thesis, focusing mainly on purpose and function of punishment. Punishment is also explained from the historical point of view, providing overview of evolution of punishment throughout the years and explaining the rise of alternative sanctions. Special attention is given to...

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:27:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1001202 bytes, checksum: 50531aa6fa8b88dc8e209c37d771d3a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This master s dissertation aims to investigate how alternative sanctions are enforce in Brazil in order to identify if this practice constitutes a model for preventing criminal recurrence and protecting the fundamental rights of persons who have been sanctioned due to low and medium gravity crimes. The research starts by analyzing the State punitive power through the point of view of the Democratic State under the Rule of Law and the penalty principles in the Brazilian Constitution, situating the alternative sanctions and measures within the minimalist approach of Criminal Law. Subsequently it analyzes the public policies which approach the public security problem in a broader way, focusing mainly in the criminality prevention, and also points out the pendular character of Brazilian criminal law, which moves between greater and lesser strictness. Further on, it highlights the failure of imprisonment, and the alternative sanctions are presented as criminal sanctions with an educational and reintegrating character. From the treatment provided to alternative sanctions and measures in the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (The Tokyo Rules), the research emphasizes the alternative sanctions and measures in the Brazilian legislation and analyzes such alternatives as an interaction process between the State, the community and individuals. Furthermore, it stresses the course taken by the Brazilian experience in the implementation of public policies aimed at the enforcement of alternative sanctions, highlighting the Alternative Sanctions and Measures Incentive Program from the Brazilian Ministry of Justice (Programa de Fomento às Penas e Medidas Alternativas do Ministério da Justiça). The sustainability of the support policy to alternative sanctions and measures in the states, taking into account experiences in several ones, is also analyzed, as well as the proposal for a public security policy with citizenship in the enforcement of alternative sanctions and measures; last, but not least, this research also evidences the possibility of structuring an autonomous alternative criminal justice system in the country. / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo perquirir a forma como as alternativas penais são executadas no Brasil a fim de identificar se essa prática constitui modelo de prevenção de reincidência criminal e proteção de direitos fundamentais de pessoas que foram sancionadas criminalmente pelo cometimento de delitos de pequena e média gravidade. A pesquisa parte da análise da pretensão punitiva a partir da ótica do Estado Democrático de Direito e dos princípios penais constitucionais brasileiros, situando as penas e medidas alternativas dentro da visão minimalista do Direito Penal. A seguir analisa as políticas públicas que enxergam o problema da segurança pública de maneira mais ampla, com foco principal na prevenção da criminalidade e evidencia o movimento pendular da legislação penal brasileira entre maior e menor rigor penal. Destaca o fracasso da pena de prisão e as penas alternativas são apresentadas como sanções penais de caráter educativo e reintegrador. A partir do tratamento dado às penas e medidas alternativas pelas Regras Mínimas das Nações Unidas para a Elaboração de Medidas Não Privativas de Liberdade (Regras de Tóquio), enfoca as penas e medidas alternativas na legislação brasileira e analisa as alternativas penais como processo de interação entre Estado, comunidade e indivíduos. Enfatiza, ainda, o percurso da experiência brasileira na implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para a execução penal alternativa, com destaque para o Programa de Fomento às Penas e Medidas Alternativas do Ministério da Justiça brasileiro. A sustentabilidade da política de apoio às penas e medidas alternativas nos estados, por meio da experiência de algumas unidades da federação, também é analisada, bem como a proposta de política de segurança pública com cidadania na execução das penas e medidas alternativas e, por fim, evidencia a possibilidade da estruturação de sistema penal alternativo autônomo no país.

This construction presents, from critical analysis, the current situation of contemporary criminal law and its expansionist trend against the fundamental rights and “Garantista System”, adopted by the Brazilian Constitution. In addition, it addresses the subject titled as criminal law Classic Crisis in the situation of what has been reported in the news media, such as increased crime in Brazil, as regards, primarily, the police and investigative operations of repression of acts corruption, money laundering and other illegal at the expense of public and social property. Finally, it points out that one of the alternatives chosen for the criminal law in order to make it faster for some offenses involving major repercussions, is to approach it from sanctioning administrative law, giving it peculiar characteristics of this branch of law, albeit with sacrifice the principles and basic rules of criminal science. So one of the solutions found by the Legislature before the intense social movement scene in the mid-year 2013, was the ordinary Federal Law 12,846 of 2013 (to combat corporate corruption). This, that joining odutros legislation, can function as an alternative in order to have the sanctioning administrative law and, given the rigidity of Garantista System of the Federal Constitution, become the most effective state in illicit pursuit causing huge losses to the public. / Esta construção apresenta, a partir de análise crítica, a atual situação do direito penal contemporâneo e sua tendência expansionista frente aos direitos fundamentais e ao “Sistema Garantista”, adotado pela Constituição Brasileira. Além disso, aborda o tema intitulado como Crise do Direito Penal Clássico dentro da situação, do que tem sido divulgado na mídia jornalística, como aumento da criminalidade no Brasil, no que se refere, precipuamente, a operações policiais e investigativas de repressão a atos de corrupção, lavagem de dinheiro e outros ilícitos, em detrimento do patrimônio público e social. Por fim, aponta que uma das alternativas escolhidas para o direito penal, a fim de torná-lo mais célere para alguns delitos que envolvam grande repercussão, é aproximá-lo do direito administrativo sancionador, conferindo-lhe características peculiares desse ramo do direito, embora com sacrifício a princípios e regras basilares da ciência penal. Assim, uma das soluções encontradas pelo Poder Legislativo, diante do cenário de intensa movimentação social, em meados do ano de 2013, foi a lei federal ordinária 12.846 de 2013 (de combate à improbidade empresarial). Esta, que juntando-se a outros diplomas legais, pode funcionar como alternativa para que se tenha o direito administrativo sancionador e, diante da rigidez do Sistema Garantista da Constituição Federal, tornar o Estado mais eficaz na persecução de ilícitos que causam enormes prejuízos ao erário.

The theme of my diploma thesis is the efficiency of the probation supervision of the system of justice. My aim is to inform wheather and in which way the probation supervision helps to reduce the risk of crime's relapse. This diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is theoretical whereas the second one is practical. In the theoretical paragraph I explain the aims and reasons of probation supervision. The wide scope of taking advantages of this care is also mentioned. I describe all activities connected with the above. The pecularities of youngters's probation supervision are pointe dout, as well. Last but not least I inform about the course of the probation supervision and try to compare alternative sanctions to the imprisonment. A statistic survey of probation supervision in last few years makes a part of my thesis, too. The second part of my thesis is based on my practice in the centre of probation and mediation care. I mention the results of my research among the members of the working team in the above organisation and social worker's for youngsters and adults. I inform about their points of view of this care and connected probléme and thein cooperation. The next paragraph show the way of life of several clients of probation and mediation care. I inform about their situation, crime,...

This diploma thesis deals with alternative sanctions in the Czech Republic. It primarily focuses on the cooperation between relevant actors during the process of decision-making about the type of sanction, its execution and supervision, and also concentrates on possible changes of its use after the amendment of criminal law in 2010. To give a complex view on given issue, the thesis also shortly focuses on alternatives to sanctions and diversions of criminal proceedings. System of alternative sanctions is framed by criminal policy and criminal law of the Czech Republic and factors that have influence on functioning of the system are determined. Those factors are multinational structures (OSN, EU, Council of Europe), level of registered criminality, forms of criminality and public opinion. Despite the fact, that Czech criminal law contains quite wide enumeration of alternative sanctions, there are still opinions that they are not used enough and that imprisonment is still preferred and it causes overcrowding of prisons and it is burden for state budget. Judges and prosecutors advocate themselves and claim that the problem is not on their side but rather the conditions of alternative sanctions which are poorly regulated and so it discourages from their use. Also the non-conceptual attitude of criminal...