This thesis investigates the history of labour management at David Jones, the major Australian retailer and manufacturer, between the years 1838 and 1958. This thesis examines the development of consent-based approach to labour management at David Jones, in particular the development of paternalism and welfarism. In doing so this thesis explores both general questions regarding the factors that influence why certain firms adopt a consent-based approach to labour management, as well as informing debates around the existence of nineteenth century paternalism and the origins of twentieth century welfarism. The historical material contained at the David Jones Archives and elsewhere reveals little evidence of paternalism as a deliberate management strategy. This brings into question the usefulness of paternalism as a concept in the historical study of Australian labour management. The inability to trace paternalism also undermines explanations of twentieth century welfarism premised on the pre-existence of nineteenth century paternalism. The historical materials, however, do note that twentieth century welfarism was a deliberate labour management strategy adopted by David Jones management. Welfarism, combined with systematic management and training, was initially adopted following the First World War to deal with the threat of industrial turmoil. However, in the 1930s, welfarism increasingly became a pro-active strategy designed to create skilled selling and raise the profile of the firm within the community. Further, welfarism at David Jones in the inter-war period was more than merely a new form of paternalism, somehow transformed by being in a larger, more bureaucratic setting or a result of employers confronted an increasingly feminised workforce. Welfarism at David Jones was a deliberate strategy, informed by overseas experiments, management consultants and the new science of psychology. Welfarism at David Jones continued into the post World War Two period. However, new forms of retailing, in particular self-service, undermined attempts to create skilled selling. Elements of welfarism remain at David Jones and continue to support the firm???s corporate image as a provider of high-quality customer service.

The present study investigates the role of attachment in a time-limited marital therapy. The study explores Brief Contextual Modular Psychotherapy (BCMT). This approach to practice provides a model that integrates principles and techniques from the major psychotherapies. BCMT can be distinguished from other brief therapies by its theoretical integration, its six-session time limit, its specific clinical focus, and its techniques for dealing with dissatisfaction and distress. The therapy sets out practice modules—six-session treatment plans—for a diverse range of presenting issues such as the anxiety disorders, depression, trauma, loss and grief, marriage and the phobias. BCMT emphasises the collaboration of the therapist and the client. A community-based psychological counselling centre has practised BCMT for over ten years, applying it in cases of wide diversity and maladjustment. Prior to this research, a comprehensive analysis of the theory underlying the BCMT model or the theory of change it endorses had not been carried out. The study provides a detailed description of the conceptual and treatment elements of the marital module developed in the treatment manual for BCMT. The study explores how the construct of attachment provides an organising framework or metaperspective for theory construction and therapeutic intervention in the clinical application of this time-limited marital therapy. To achieve this objective, one de-facto and four married couples participated in the time-limited therapy. They completed a questionnaire on adult attachment and also a self-report questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of the therapy. Narrative analysis was used to assess the praxis or the experience of participating in the therapy. The results show that the integrated model provided a treatment method for differing expressions of marital disturbance and psychopathology. Three of the five couples and eight of the ten participants reported positive treatment outcomes. The research sample included the paraphilias, a major depressive episode with postpartum psychosis, the narcissistic borderline syndrome and childhood sexual abuse. The study supports the association between the role of adult attachment styles and intrapsychic responses in conflicted intimate relationships. From the point of view of clinical applications of attachment theory, the research highlights how theoretical ideas can be integrated, specific clinical methods can be incorporated and certain treatment perspectives can be derived from one another. Several implications for the treatment process flow from this integration. The integration of attachment theory in BCMT demonstrates how the therapeutic process progressed through three separate yet interrelated stages: past, present and future. In addition, it led to the identification of three stage-related mourning processes associated with the time-limited therapeutic process: protest, despair and detachment. From a clinical perspective, the research finds that the theoretical and treatment model does not need to be restricted to marital therapy. The findings suggest that the integrated model could be applied across a wide range of presenting issues. By defining the theory of personality and psychopathology and the therapeutic change processes associated with it, the integration of attachment theory results in BCMT taking its place in the literature as a theory of psychotherapy.

<p>Purpose: The purpose with this study is to see what the small limited companies</p><p>prefer of the alternatives to the statutory audit that has been created in</p><p>the others EU-countries. These alternatives can be current in Sweden to</p><p>maintain the credibility.</p><p>Method: Quantitative procedure.</p><p>Conclusions: By the result to judge from the small limited companies prefer the alternative</p><p>to the statutory audit where they do not need to hire further help</p><p>to complete the audit. That is probably why the bookkeeping agency has</p><p>been chosen to give a guarantee for quality endorsement.</p> / <p>Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att se vad småaktiebolag föredrar av de</p><p>alternativ till revisionsplikten som skapats i övriga EU-länder. Dessa</p><p>alternativ kan bli aktuella i Sverige för att upprätthålla trovärdigheten.</p><p>Metod: Kvantitativ metod</p><p>Slutsats: Av resultatet att döma föredrar småföretagen det alternativ där de</p><p>slipper anlita ytterligare extern hjälp för att utföra granskningen. Det är</p><p>troligen därför man har valt att redovisningsbyrån ska kunna ge en</p><p>garanti för kvalitetssäkring.</p>

<p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The focus of this essay is the american director Wes Anderson and the use of colour in his films. I also put some focus on colour as a neglected element in film studies, and what has caused this neglect. In my own research, I have analysed three of Anderson's films: <em>Bottle Rocket</em> (1996), <em>The Royal Tenenbaums</em> (2001) and <em>The Darjeeling Limited</em> (2007). To get a broad sense of a films use of colour, I have investigated the colour scheme, the colours of the costumes, as well as colour patterns. I have also interpreted the symbolism related to certain colours and then used the results of the analyses to answer the question; "how does Wes Anderson use colour, and in which film is this most apparent?" A very generalizing answer to this question, is that Anderson use colour as a means of signifying the characters' feelings and ambitions, and also their relations to the themes of the films. He does this by connecting symbolic values to certain colours and makes these colours stand out in certain scenes and in the characters' clothes. The film that best shows this use of colour is <em>The Royal Tenenbaums</em>. In short, this essay will hopefully bring some understanding of how colours are used in the films of Wes Anderson, but also open up the eyes of the readers to the importance of the neglected element itself; colour.</p><p> </p>

Behaviour is usually assumed to depend on the reach of a critical intensitytermed reactivity thresholdby its motivation. This view represents a simple, predictive theoretical framework in ethology and psychology. However, it is here argued that only the influence of an isolated motivation on behaviour can be explained that way; that such a view fails to account for behaviour when several motivations are jointly activated. Upon analysis, the 'classical' theory of behaviour proves to be under-specified and thus leads to three conceptual problems that make it logically inconsistent for the study of multiple motivations. A revision of the 'classical' théory, called Anticipatory Dynamics Model (ADM), is then developed in order to bring a theoretical solution to these conceptual problems. The ADM hypothesizes that an organisms motivational interactions are due to the limitation of the organisms attentional resources. Several experiments are designed to test major predictions of the ADM. Tout comportement est censé dépendre du fait que sa motivation atteint une valeur critique d'intensité appelée seuil de réactivité. Cette approche constitue un cadre théorique simple et prédictif aussi bien en éthologie qu'en psychologie. Cependant, je tente de montrer que seule l'influence d'une motivation isolée sur le comportement peut être expliquée de cette façon ; que cette approche cesse d'être applicable lorsque plusieurs motivations sont activées simultanément. Après analyse, cette théorie 'classique' s'avère sous-spécifiée et conduit à trois problèmes conceptuels qui la rendent logiquement inconsistante pour l'étude des motivations multiples. Une révision de cette théorie 'classique', appelée Modèle de Dynamique Anticipatoire (MDA), est ainsi développée en vue d'apporter une solution théorique à ces problèmes conceptuels. Le MDA fait l'hypothèse que les interactions motivationnelles d'un organisme sont causées par la limitation de ses ressources attentionnelles. Plusieurs expériences ont été imaginées pour tester des prédictions importantes du MDA.

Purpose: The purpose with this study is to see what the small limited companies prefer of the alternatives to the statutory audit that has been created in the others EU-countries. These alternatives can be current in Sweden to maintain the credibility. Method: Quantitative procedure. Conclusions: By the result to judge from the small limited companies prefer the alternative to the statutory audit where they do not need to hire further help to complete the audit. That is probably why the bookkeeping agency has been chosen to give a guarantee for quality endorsement. / Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att se vad småaktiebolag föredrar av de alternativ till revisionsplikten som skapats i övriga EU-länder. Dessa alternativ kan bli aktuella i Sverige för att upprätthålla trovärdigheten. Metod: Kvantitativ metod Slutsats: Av resultatet att döma föredrar småföretagen det alternativ där de slipper anlita ytterligare extern hjälp för att utföra granskningen. Det är troligen därför man har valt att redovisningsbyrån ska kunna ge en garanti för kvalitetssäkring.

This thesis studies some fundamental aspects of wireless systems with partial channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), with a special emphasis on the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. The first contribution is a study on multi-layer variable-rate communication systems with quantized feedback, where the expected rate is chosen as the performance measure. Iterative algorithms exploiting results in the literature of parallel broadcast channels are developed to design the system parameters. Necessary and sufficient conditions for single-layer coding to be optimal are derived. In contrast to the ergodic case, it is shown that a few bits of feedback information can improve the expected rate dramatically. The next part of the thesis is devoted to characterizing the tradeoff between diversity and multiplexing gains (D-M tradeoff) over slow fading channels with partial CSIT. In the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) case, we introduce the concept of minimum guaranteed multiplexing gain in the forward link and show that it influences the D-M tradeoff significantly. It is demonstrated that power control based on the feedback is instrumental in achieving the D-M tradeoff, and that rate adaptation is important in obtaining a high diversity gain even at high rates. Extending the D-M tradeoff analysis to decode-and-forward relay channels with quantized channel state feedback, we consider several different scenarios. In the relay-to-source feedback case, it is found that using just one bit of feedback to control the source transmit power is sufficient to achieve the multiantenna upper bound in a range of multiplexing gains. In the destination-to-source-and-relay feedback scenario, if the source-relay channel gain is unknown to the feedback quantizer at the destination, the diversity gain only grows linearly in the number of feedback levels, in sharp contrast to an exponential growth for MIMO channels. We also consider the achievable D-M tradeoff of a relay network with the compress-and-forward protocol when the relay is constrained to make use of standard source coding. Under a short-term power constraint at the relay, using source coding without side information results in a significant loss in terms of the D-M tradeoff. For a range of multiplexing gains, this loss can be fully compensated for by using power control at the relay. The final part of the thesis deals with the transmission of an analog Gaussian source over quasi-static fading channels with limited CSIT, taking the SNR exponent of the end-to-end average distortion as performance measure. Building upon results from the D-M tradeoff analysis, we develop novel upper bounds on the distortion exponents achieved with partial CSIT. We show that in order to achieve the optimal scaling, the CSIT feedback resolution must grow logarithmically with the bandwidth ratio for MIMO channels. The achievable distortion exponent of some hybrid schemes with heavily quantized feedback is also derived. As for the half-duplex fading relay channel, combining a simple feedback scheme with separate source and channel coding outperforms the best known no-feedback strategies even with only a few bits of feedback information. / QC 20100817

Abstract The focus of this essay is the american director Wes Anderson and the use of colour in his films. I also put some focus on colour as a neglected element in film studies, and what has caused this neglect. In my own research, I have analysed three of Anderson's films: Bottle Rocket (1996), The Royal Tenenbaums (2001) and The Darjeeling Limited (2007). To get a broad sense of a films use of colour, I have investigated the colour scheme, the colours of the costumes, as well as colour patterns. I have also interpreted the symbolism related to certain colours and then used the results of the analyses to answer the question; "how does Wes Anderson use colour, and in which film is this most apparent?" A very generalizing answer to this question, is that Anderson use colour as a means of signifying the characters' feelings and ambitions, and also their relations to the themes of the films. He does this by connecting symbolic values to certain colours and makes these colours stand out in certain scenes and in the characters' clothes. The film that best shows this use of colour is The Royal Tenenbaums. In short, this essay will hopefully bring some understanding of how colours are used in the films of Wes Anderson, but also open up the eyes of the readers to the importance of the neglected element itself; colour.

La tesi è suddivisa in due capitoli, il primo dei quali ha valore introduttivo e si occupa dei diritti particolari nella più ampia analisi del fenomeno della personalizzazione della s.r.l. In particolare, le osservazioni si incentrano sull'analisi del potere dell'autonomia contrattuale nella definizione dell'assetto proprietario (art. 2468, co. 2, c.c.) e dell'organizzazione interna della s.r.l. (art. 2468, co. 3, c.c.). In entrambe le ipotesi è consentito derogare all'organizzazione plutocratica propria del modello legale della società a responsabilità limitata in virtù della quale il potere è in funzione diretta della ricchezza investita al fine di soddisfare la medesima esigenza di modulare i diritti sociali alle concrete ragioni della partecipazione alla società. Il secondo capitolo si articola in tre sezioni, dedicate allo studio della fattispecie "diritto particolare relativo all'amministrazione". Il proposito è quello di riempire di contenuto l'art. 2468, co. 3, c.c., e rispondere al fondamentale quesito, se la previsione ex art. 2468, co. 3, c.c., sia tassativa - e quindi se quelli indicati sono gli unici diritti che possono sfuggire alla regola della uguaglianza e della proporzionalità - ovvero esemplificativa, aprendosi così all'autonomia privata la strada alla libera determinabilità dei diritti sociali salvo limiti imposti dalla legge. Nella prima sezione vengono individuati i limiti negativi della fattispecie. Nel capitolo 2, sez. II, invece, si procede alla ricostruzione della fattispecie, illustrando i motivi in base ai quali si giunge a ritenere che i diritti particolari relativi alla amministrazione sono quelli propriamente connessi alla gestione dell'impresa sociale. Oggetto di approfondimento nella terza ed ultima sezione del secondo capitolo è il profilo organizzativo dei diritti particolari relativi all'amministrazione. / The thesis is subdivided in two chapters, first of which it has introductory value and it is taken care of the particular rights in the analysis of the phenomenon of the personalization of the limited liability company. In particular, the observations centralize on the analysis of the power of the contractual autonomy in the definition of the ownership (art. 2468, co. 2, c.c.) And of the inner organization of limited liability company (art. 2468, co. 3, c.c.). In both the hypotheses, it can be to rule in a way different from law the capital-oriented organization of the legal model of the limited liability partnership - in virtue of which the power is in direct function of the invested wealth - to the aim to satisfy the same requirement of modulating the social rights to the concrete reasons of the participation to the society. The second chapter is subdivided in three sections, dedicated to relativeness of diritto particolare relativo all'amministrazione (particular right relating to the administration). The purpose is to determinate the applying area of art. 2468, co. 3, c.c., and to answer to the fundamental question, if art. 2468, co. 3, c.c. Is peremptory and if those indicated are the only rights which can escape to the rule of the equality and the proportionality or exemplifying and open to the private autonomy in freely creating social rights even farther legal limits. In the first section the negative limits of legal case are defined. In chapter 2, sez. II, instead, it is reconstructed the legal hypothesis, illustrating the reasons on which it is suggested to think that the diritti particolari relativi all'amministrazione are those properly connected to the management of the social business. Object of deepening in the third and last section of the second chapter it is the organizational profile of diritti particolari relativi all'amministrazione .

Recent shifts towards ecosystem based fisheries management (EBFM) around the world have necessitated consideration of effects of fishing on a larger range of species than previously. Non-selective multispecies fisheries are particularly problematic for EBFM, as they can contribute to erosion of ecosystem structure. The trade-off between catch of productive commercial species and abundance of low-productivity species is unavoidable in most multispecies fisheries. A first step in evaluation of this trade-off is estimation of productivity of different species but this is often hampered by poor data. This thesis develops techniques for estimating productivity for data-limited species and aims to help clarify EBFM policy objectives for the fisheries of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It begins with development of an age-structured model parameterised in terms of optimal harvest rate, UMSY. UMSY is a measure of productivity, comparable among species and easily communicated to managers. It also represents a valid threshold for prevention of overfishing. The model is used to derive UMSY for 54 Atlantic fish stocks for which recruitment parameters had previously been estimated. In most cases, UMSY was strongly limited by the age at which fish were first caught. However, for some species, UMSY was more strongly constrained by life history attributes. The model was then applied to twelve species of Australian deepwater dogshark (Order Squaliformes), known to have been severely depleted by fishing. Results showed that the range of possible values of UMSY for these species is very low indeed. These findings enabled a preliminary stock assessment for three dogsharks (Centrophorus spp.) currently being considered for threatened species listing. Preliminary results suggest they have been overfished and that overfishing continues. Finally, an Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem model, representing the 1976 NSW continental slope, is used to illustrate trade-offs in implementation of fishing policies under alternative policy objectives. Results are compared with those of a biogeochemical ecosystem model (Atlantis) of the same system, built by scientists from CSIRO. While there were large differences in model predictions for individual species, they gave similar results when ranking alternative fishing policies, suggesting that ecosystem models may be useful for exploring broad-scale strategic management options.