Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma, 1985.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 1984. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 210-217).

Thesis--Warsaw. Thesis note from slip mounted on verse of half-title. / Three transparent paper copies of key map laid in. Summary in French. "Literatura": p. [95]-97.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:15:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 piruzelli_mpf_me_arafcl.pdf: 894358 bytes, checksum: b6e1cfef4808160d866865a9c6f46319 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Ao abordar a tradução automática (TA), esta pesquisa insere-se no domínio do Processamento Automático de Língua Natural (PLN), defendendo a hipótese de que se faz necessária a inclusão, nos sistemas de TA, de um módulo de resolução de ambiguidades que ao menos forneça ao usuário as diferentes leituras de frases ambíguas. Norteia-se por estes dois objetivos: (i) propor, de modo sistemático e com exemplificações, uma tipologia dos principais tipos de ambiguidade linguística do inglês; (ii) avaliar, de modo exploratório, o impacto das ambiguidades estudadas em (i) sobre a TA com o auxílio do Google Tradutor; (iii) explorar estratégias de resolução de ambiguidades. A metodologia que norteia o estudo distribui a investigação nos domínios linguístico e linguístico-computacional. No primeiro, com foco no inglês, introduz-se a problemática geral das ambiguidades linguísticas que se manifestam na TA de frases/parágrafos de textos em inglês para o português e procede-se à sistematização, com exemplos, dos tipos de ambiguidades linguísticas selecionados na literatura sobre PLN. No segundo domínio, avalia-se, por meio do Google Tradutor, o impacto dos tipos de ambiguidades sistematizados no domínio linguístico sobre as TAs de frases selecionadas do corpus paralelo inglês-português selecionado para o estudo e a adequação das TAs, tendo como parâmetros, para a análise da qualidade das TAs, as diferentes leituras potenciais das frases e as traduções realizadas por humanos e selecionadas do corpus. As considerações finais resumem o trabalho, apresentam possíveis desdobramentos da investigação e enfatizam o papel decisivo que um módulo de detecção e resolução de ambiguidades pode exercer na qualidade das TAs ao resolvêlas ou apontar, para o usuário, diferentes leituras de uma sentença ambígua no contexto dos tipos de ambiguidade que é capaz de detectar. / On taking up the study of linguistic ambiguities and machine translation (MT), this thesis unfolds against the backdrop of NLP (Natural Language Processing). It claims that MT systems, no matter whether they are couched in the symbolic or the statistical frameworks, should be equipped with a sort of disambiguation resolution module. In particular, it focuses on: (i) describing and exemplifying the core types of linguistic ambiguities in English in the context of the MT from English into Portuguese; (ii) explore, by means of the use of Google Translator, the impact of ambiguities on its Portuguese output from original English sentences; and (iii) sketch ambiguity resolution strategies for selected types. From the methodological point of view, the study is carried over the linguistic and computational-linguistic domains. In the former, it is discussed the different sorts of linguistic ambiguities by means of sample data collected from the NLP literature on ambiguity resolution investigation in English texts. In the latter, sample sentences were first selected in a parallel, English-Portuguese corpus, and then tested for their adequacy against the impact of the ambiguity types they illustrate. Sentence potential readings and their human translation counterparts were taken as parameters for the evaluation. The final remarks sum up the study, points out some of its further developments, and stress that the sample ambiguity resolution strategies explored in the study illustrates the key role a MT ambiguitiy detection and resolution module would play to improve the MT quality by either predicting them or by offering the user alternative readings of ambiguous sentences to choose from.

Magister Artium - MA / This mini-thesis profiles some aspects realted to the accessibility of printed news to first language speakers of Xhosa. The major aim of this thesis is to investigate whether speakers of Xhosa do have access to printed news in English, which is not in their first language. Therefore, this thesis investigates whether African langusge speakers of school leaving age understand hwat they read in English newspapers. / South Africa

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Orientador: Jean Cristtus Portela / Coorientador: Jacques Fontanille / Banca: Elizabeth Harkot-de-la-Taille / Banca: Ivã Carlos Lopes / Banca: Matheus Nogueira Schwartzmann / Resumo: Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender o conceito de sensível na semiótica greimasiana e pós-greimasiana pelo viés da historiografia linguística, contextualizando seu surgimento e sua permanência nos estudos semióticos contemporâneos. Neste trabalho, o sensível é definido como um hiperônimo e os outros conceitos circunscritos no seu campo são vistos como seus domínios: a corporeidade, a passionalidade e a sensibilidade. Em cada domínio, destacamos termos relacionados ao sensível: corpo, afeto, paixão, emoção, contágio, sensação, percepção, estesia e estética. Recuperamos a espessura teórica desses conceitos pelo viés dos princípios historiográficos de contextualização, imanência, adequação e influência, de K. Koerner (1996, 2014a), dos parâmetros de cobertura, perspectiva e profundidade, bem como dos tipos de componentes heurístico, hermenêutico e reconstrução-sistemática de P. Swiggers (2009, 2015), de grupos de especialidades de S. O. Murray (1994, 1998) e de horizontes de retrospecção de S. Auroux (2008), traçando seu percurso desde suas origens em Semântica Estrutural (1966), de A. J. Greimas, e passando pela emergência e pela sua repercussão nas obras de J. Fontanille, E. Landowski e C. Zilberberg, que integram o período que aqui chamamos de pós-greimasiano. Depois, definimos em que medida o sensível apareceu na retórica e/ou na imanência das obras dos semioticistas escolhidos. Após ter estabelecido os desdobramentos epistemológicos do sensível, finalmente, conseguimos defi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research aimed to understand the concept of "sensitive" in greimasian and post-greimasian semiotics, due to the bias of linguistic historiography, contextualizing its emergence and permanence in contemporary semiotic studies. In this work, the "sensitive" is defined as a hyperonym and the other concepts circumscribed in its field are seen as its domains: of corporality, of passion and of sensibility. In each domain, we highlight terms related to the sensitive: body, affection, passion, emotion, contagion, sensation, perception, esthetics and aesthetics. We retrieve the theoretical thickness of these concepts through the bias of the historiographic principles of contextualization, immanence, adequacy and influence, by K. Koerner (1996, 2014a), the coverage parameters, perspective and depth, heuristic, hermeneutic and reconstruction-systematic component types P. Swiggers (2009, 2015), SO Murray specialties groups (1994, 1998) and retrospection horizons S. Auroux (2008), tracing his course since his origins in Structural Semantics (1966) by A. J. Greimas, and passing through the emergency and its repercussion in the works of J. Fontanille, E. Landowski and C. Zilberberg, which correspond to the period we call post-Greimasian. Then we define to what extent the "sensitive" appeared in the rhetoric and / or immanence of the works of the chosen semioticists. After establishing the epistemological unfolding of the "sensitive", finally, we were able to define the historical and e... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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This dissertation addresses the question of whether the empirical data gathered from an analysis of verb categories within the primary clauses of the Pauline corpus reveals letter structure. It begins with a discussion of the classification and structuring of the ancient Greek letter, with focus on the New Testament Jetter tradition. It shows that no real consensus has been reached concerning the classification and structure of ancient letters, especially the New Testament letters. This lack of consensus serves as the impetus for attempting a different approach for the description of Pauline letter structure. After providing a brief description and history of corpus linguistics and its application to New Testament studies, a corpus linguistic application similar to one presented by Douglas Biber is suggested to analyze the verb patterns within the Pauline letter corpus. This is accomplished by analyzing and describing the patterns revealed in each of the letters of the Pauline corpus and then comparing them with attempts made within Greek texts, Bible translations, and commentaries at structuring the letters. This analysis not only reveals verbal patterns but also discovers other key features found within the primary clauses that seem to contribute to the structure of the letters, such as conjunctions, formulaic verbs, and vocatives/nominatives of address. The combination of the verb patterns and the occurrence of these features leads to the presentation of structural outlines for each of the letters within the Pauline corpus according to a five-part (letter opening; thanksgiving; body; parenesis; and letter closing) letter structure. With these structural parts established, the verb occurrences within each part are counted to test whether the verbal categories of mood, person-number, and aspect contribute to the structuring of the Pauline letter. The tracking of these occurrences reveals a statistically significant shift between the body and parenetic section of the letters. This further validates the assumption that verb patterns contribute to the structuring of Paul's letters. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)