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Archaeological considerations of mobility have primarily focused on the differences in and among the kinds or degrees of mobility itself, rather than addressing the underlying issue of why human settlement patterns were or are mobile. The focus of this study is to address such questions within Darwinian evolutionary theory. Using the concepts of bet-hedging, as used in biology, and waste, as used in archaeology, it is argued that mobility was selectively favored for its population limiting properties. Relative changes in the numbers of projectile points in each assigned class, ordered chronologically by seriation, were taken to indicate relative population change over time. The results of this study suggest, primarily, that rapid, drastic population growth did not occur until the abandonment of mobility in the Gulf Formational period. This result supports the expectations of the hypothesis that was tested and indicates that in this instance mobility is a bet-hedging behavior.

This work aims to present the technofunctional analysis in lithic tools and 11 instrumental technotypes observed in a sample of material from the Sítio Pilar, understanding the operation schemes. This archaeological site was found in Povoado Mussuca/ Laranjeiras in the lower course of the Sergipe river region during the first stage of Settlement project Povoamento Arqueológico da Bacia do Rio Sergipe under the coordination of Prof. Dr. Emílio Fogaça in the period 2010-12. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a análise tecnofuncional de instrumentos líticos e os 11 tecnotipos instrumentais observados numa amostra de material do Sítio Pilar, compreendendo os seus esquemas de funcionamento. Este sítio arqueológico foi encontrado no povoado Mussuca/Laranjeiras, na região do baixo curso do rio Sergipe, durante a primeira etapa do projeto Povoamento Arqueológico da Bacia do Rio Sergipe, sob coordenação do Prof. Dr. Emílio Fogaça no período de 2010-12.

Some Contributions to the Chronology of the Archaic Period in the Punas of JunínThe stratigraphy and the typology from the Uchkumachay excavations are presented as well as preliminary results of a comparative study undertaken in collaboration with D. Lavallée and M. Julien. These data bear major importance on the building of a general chronology and synthesis of the Archaic Period which still is missing for the Junín area in spite of being one of the best studied areas in the Central Andes for the time period in question. / La estratigrafía y tipología de Uchkumachay, Junín, están presentadas así como los resultados preliminares de un estudio comparativo entre Uchkumachay y Telarmachay en colaboración con D. Lavallée y M. Julien. Estos resultados tienen mayor importancia para la formación de una cronología general del Periodo Arcaico en el área de Junín la cual es una de las áreas mejor estudiadas de los Andes Centrales durante este periodo pero que aguarda aún una síntesis general y la presentación más completa de los datos disponibles.

Les cavités artificielles funéraires sont à la fin de la Préhistoire en Méditerranée occidentale un type d’architecture privilégié. La compréhension de la chaîne opératoire de construction des hypogées est essentielle afin de déterminer quelles techniques et stratégies entrent en jeu dans la mise en place de ces architectures souterraines. C’est dans le cadre de cette thèse qu’une méthode a été développée sur le sujet. Celle-ci se présente en trois axes : l’étude technologique du macro-outillage de creusement, l’analyse à l’aide de la photogrammétrie des traces présentes sur les parois des hypogées et l’expérimentation permettant de confirmer ou d’infirmer les hypothèses émises. Ces trois axes ont été développés dans des contextes différents, en France dans les Bouches-du-Rhône avec l’ensemble monumental de Fontvieille et en Sardaigne avec notamment la nécropole à domus de janas de S’Elighe Entosu. Ces deux contextes offrent la possibilité d’étudier des hypogées possédant des caractéristiques différentes. La comparaison entre les divers contextes sélectionnés en Méditerranée occidentale permet d’entrevoir les différences et similitudes présentes dans les chaînes opératoires de creusement et les choix effectués par les différents groupes humains. Au-delà de la connaissance des techniques employées pour le creusement de ces architectures, cette étude permet également de s’interroger sur le rôle de celles-ci au sein de la communauté par l’investissement que leur mise en place engendre. / At the end of Prehistory in the Western Mediterranean, the rock-cut tombs are a privileged type of architecture. The understanding of the hypogea’s digging process is essential In order to determine which techniques and strategies come into play in the establishment of these structures. In the context of a PhD research work, a method has been developed on the subject. It is presented in three lines of reflection: the technological study of digging macro-tools, the analysis of the traces which are present on the walls of hypogea using photogrammetry, and an experimentation to confirm or refute the assumptions made during the first two axes of the study. These three axes were developed in different contexts, the monumental context of Fontvieille, located in the geographical area of the Bouches-du-Rhône administrative department in France and the necropolis of S'Elighe Entosu in Sardinia, Italy. These two fieldworks allows us to study the different characteristics of the hypogea. The comparison between the various contexts selected in the western Mediterranean allows us to glimpse the differences and similarities present in the digging process chains and the choices made by the different human groups. Beyond the knowledge of the techniques used for the digging of these architectures, this study also makes it possible to question the role of these in the community by the investment that their establishment generates.

F. Bordes marque de son empreinte la construction de la préhistoire dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Une analyse thématique de son oeuvre en trois parties permet de mettre en lumière ses principaux aspects.Une première partie, intitulée « Une approche normative », est consacrée à la démarche de F. Bordes qui est caractérisée par un renouvellement méthodologique. Une seconde partie, au titre de « Les industries lithiques comme fil d’Ariane », est consacrée aux interprétations de F. Bordes concernant l’évolution des cultures préhistoriques et à ses recherches pour reconstituer la vie quotidienne matérielle au Paléolithique. Une troisième partie, « La construction d’une école de pensée », aborde la place particulière de F. Bordes au sein de la communauté des préhistoriens. Enfin, F. Bordes est également Francis Carsac, un auteur de science-fiction, dont l’étude des récits permet de donner un éclairage complémentaire sur ses préoccupations. En conclusion de cette thèse, un regard est porté ce qu’il reste de sa contribution scientifique. / F. Bordes brand of its print the construction of Prehistory in second half of the 20 th century. An analysis set of themes of its work in three parts makes it possible to clarify its principal aspects. A first part, entitled “a normative approach” is devoted to the approach of F. Bordes which is characterized by a methodological renewal. A second part, entitled ”lithic industries like wire of Ariane”, is devoted to interpretations of F. Border concerning the evolution of the prehistoric cultures and with its research to reconstitute the material daily life during the Paleolithic. A third part, “the construction of a school of thought”, analyses the particular place of F. Border within the community of the prehistorians. F. Bordes is also Francis Carsac, a science fiction writer, whose stories study makes it possible to provide supplementary illumination on its concerns. In conclusion of this thesis, a look is carried what it remains of his scientific contribution.