Traditionally, trademarks were considered as convenient tools for source identification, and were granted legal recognition on this premise. However, more recently, trademarks have evolved in a new yet challenging medium as an effective tool for both corporate and social communication. The changing nature of trademarks and the subsequent emergence of modern trademark functions have prompted legal change within the European Union. Whilst this result is not in itself surprising, the approach adopted within the EU for the integration of the modern functions into the European trademark system has raised justifiable concerns on whether the balance of the trademark system has been disrupted. Given the dilemma, this thesis aimed to evaluate and critique the current system for modern trademark protection in Europe, and to propose change accordingly. To achieve this objective, the thesis used the luxury fashion industry as an analytical tool capable of reflecting accurately the various dimensions of the modern functions, particularly those aspects which are often overlooked within the legal spectrum. Only when the modern functions were fully comprehended, a proposal for a sound, balanced system for protection which takes into account the interests of all players in the market became plausible. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the thesis showed that the significance of trademarks lies within its communicative value which in turn has three dimensions; brand-consumer communication, consumer-consumer communication, and consumer-public communication. The effective protection of the modern functions necessitates the recognition of all these three facets. The thesis argued that theoretically, the protection of the brand-consumer communication dimension can be normatively justified based on a misappropriation ground through a limited, well-articulated anti-freeriding provision. In practice, Article 5(2) if interpreted in the light of the free-riding rationale suggested, can provide sufficient safeguards for the protection of brand-consumer communication. While such approach may simultaneously advance the communicative interest of some consumers (consumers of the particular brand), it falls short from protecting the broader public interest in communicating through trademarks. To fully preserve the other dimensions of trademark communicative, an effective expressive use defence which preserves the right of the public to transform, act on, criticise, resist, or challenge traditional brand meanings is crucial. Conclusively, disregarding any of these dimensions, which is regrettably the case now, will necessarily disrupt the balance of the trademark system and will simultaneously empower brand owners to manipulate consumer demand.

<p>Abstract</p><p>Date: June 2, 2010</p><p>Program: MIMA – International Marketing</p><p>Course name: Master Thesis (EFO 705)</p><p>Title: An Exploratory Study on Thailand‟s Young Women: Consumer Behavior toward Purchasing Luxury Fashion Brands</p><p>Authors: Kamolwan Tovikkai (851125)Wiwatchai Jirawattananukool (841111)</p><p>Group number: 2462</p><p>Tutor: Konstantin Lampou</p><p>Problem: If and how personal value, social recognition, and demographics impact Thai female students luxury fashion brand purchases and which marketing strategies should be used to influence their purchase intention?</p><p>Purpose: -To identify what motivates Thai female students in purchasing luxury fashion brands -To identify the most effective strategies to use in penetrating the market and keeping the loyalty of customers Thailand.</p><p>Method: Quantitative research method via survey was used for this research. Survey questionnaires were distributed to sample groups. The variables used in this paper personal values, social, recognition, intention to buy products, and demographics. Both primary and secondary type of data collection were used for this research.</p><p>Conclusion: Based on the demographic information, there are two indicators that are significant to purchase intentions of Thai female students on luxury fashion brands. Social status is one of the significant indicators of socialiiirecognition variable. There is a strong level of relationship on Thai female students toward luxury fashion products. Personal Values‟ indicators can be utilized on Thai female students as the following; materialism, the need for uniqueness, conformity, and vanity. All of them have strong levels of significance. However, Ethnocentrism has no relationship and effect with the luxury fashion product in Thailand.</p><p>Key words: Thai female students, Luxury fashion products, Luxury fashion brands, Consumer behavior</p>

Abstract Date: June 2, 2010 Program: MIMA – International Marketing Course name: Master Thesis (EFO 705) Title: An Exploratory Study on Thailand‟s Young Women: Consumer Behavior toward Purchasing Luxury Fashion Brands Authors: Kamolwan Tovikkai (851125)Wiwatchai Jirawattananukool (841111) Group number: 2462 Tutor: Konstantin Lampou Problem: If and how personal value, social recognition, and demographics impact Thai female students luxury fashion brand purchases and which marketing strategies should be used to influence their purchase intention? Purpose: -To identify what motivates Thai female students in purchasing luxury fashion brands -To identify the most effective strategies to use in penetrating the market and keeping the loyalty of customers Thailand. Method: Quantitative research method via survey was used for this research. Survey questionnaires were distributed to sample groups. The variables used in this paper personal values, social, recognition, intention to buy products, and demographics. Both primary and secondary type of data collection were used for this research. Conclusion: Based on the demographic information, there are two indicators that are significant to purchase intentions of Thai female students on luxury fashion brands. Social status is one of the significant indicators of socialiiirecognition variable. There is a strong level of relationship on Thai female students toward luxury fashion products. Personal Values‟ indicators can be utilized on Thai female students as the following; materialism, the need for uniqueness, conformity, and vanity. All of them have strong levels of significance. However, Ethnocentrism has no relationship and effect with the luxury fashion product in Thailand. Key words: Thai female students, Luxury fashion products, Luxury fashion brands, Consumer behavior

No description available.

Using a qualitative semiotic analysis and a quantitative netnographic approach, this mixed method study seeks to examine the use of nostalgic marketing within the field of luxury fashion advertising. The focal point of the study focused on material from online video content posted by four European luxury fashion brands between the years 2020 and 2022, as well as commentary feedback from their followers on social media platforms Instagram and Youtube. Basing our research on previous literature regarding both nostalgia and luxury fashion marketing individually, along with a theoretical framework including theory of semiotics, theory of representation, mythology and luxury branding, the aim was to establish whether or not the selected brands were successful in inducing nostalgic emotions in their viewers. This study offers insights into marketing perspectives, branding strategies and how to build brand equity through attachment and loyalty towards luxury fashion brands through the use of nostalgia. By analysing four luxury brands, three of which can be considered as heritage brands and the forth being newly-established on the market, and juxtaposing them against each other to compare their cultural, symbolic and nostalgic elements included in their advertising video campaigns and study their individual effectiveness. Throughout our research, it was indicated that the symbolic value within imagery must be enhanced, specifically in regards to luxury fashion brands, for consumers to have positive impressions of the brand and be willing to purchase from the brand. Therefore, luxury fashion brands continuously try to deliver dream-like scenarios in order to fulfil consumers’ desires and luxury experiences.

This case study examines how luxury fashion brands communicate their sustainability practices on the brands' sustainability page on the company's website and whether selected luxury fashion brands are greenwashing and bluewashing. The luxury brands selected for this study are Stella McCartney and Gucci, on the grounds that both brands have different types of businesses and approaches. To understand the context, this study uses the triple bottom line sustainability concept by Elkinton (1998), sustainable luxury fashion brands (Godart &amp; Seong ,2017; Wiedmann et al., 2009; Joey et al.,2012; and Franco et al. 2019), greenwashing concept by Delmas &amp; Burbano (2011) and bluewashing concept (Sailer et al., 2022). To conduct the analysis, this study uses textual, eco-lexicon categorization developed by Thomas (2008) and the categorization from Milanesi et al. (2022) is adapted for visual analysis and the sins of greenwashing by Terra Choice (2010) to see the potential of greenwashing. The results shows that Stella McCartney and Gucci sustainable communication serves as their marketing strategy which encourage purchase and therefore it is problematic. Both brands use vague, ambiguous words, terms, and certifications and lack of transparency. While the images are not yet seen as a potential tool to communicate sustainability initiatives. Even though the brands are known as sustainable fashion brands, the result demonstrates brands show irrelevancies and paradoxes between what the brands communicate and their actual practices ; therefore show potential greenwashing and bluewashing.

Ao se pensar em produto de vestuário de moda luxo, tem-se como premissa um alto valor agregado que expressa uma qualidade diferenciada e quase exclusiva. Surgem questionamentos sobre a manutenção da qualidade de um produto de moda luxo diante seus processos terceirizados de desenvolvimento e produção. O aumento da utilização da estratégia de terceirização de processos que não compõe o core business das empresas se fez presente no setor de moda. As confecções de moda com caráter de luxo no Brasil não fugiram à regra, e passaram a terceirizar algumas partes de seus processos de desenvolvimento e produção com o objetivo de aumentar sua capacidade produtiva. Partindo do exposto o presente estudo tem como objetivo estudar o produto de moda luxo e sua qualidade a partir da terceirização. Para tal foi estudado o luxo, seus conceitos e parâmetros, produto de moda luxo, qualidade deste produto, seu processo de desenvolvimento e produção, buscando identificar possíveis inadequações com base em um estudo de caso. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, a presente pesquisa é caracterizada como exploratória, bibliográfica, documental e estudo de caso. O instrumento para coleta de dados foi observação de campo acompanhada de entrevista semiestruturada aplicada com indivíduos que tenham contato direto com o desenvolvimento e produção de produtos de vestuário de moda luxo, utilizando como estudo de caso uma marca de moda luxo renomada localizada na zona oeste da cidade. Percebe-se que há uma diferença entre os parâmetros do que é moda luxo para o consumidor nacional e internacional, e que de alguma forma a terceirização influencia na qualidade do produto final de vestuário de moda luxo no Brasil / When thinking of luxury garments, there is a premise of a high added value and near exclusivity. Questions arise as regards to sustaining the quality of a luxury fashion product with its outsourced processes of development and production. The increased use of an outsourcing strategy for processes that do not make up the core business of enterprises has been present in the fashion sector. The luxury fashion manufacturers in Brazil did not escape the rule, and began to outsource parts of their development and production processes in order to increase their production capacity. From the aforementioned, the present paper aims to study the luxury fashion product and its quality with outsourcing. To that end, luxury was studied, taking into consideration its concepts and parameters, the luxury fashion product, the quality of this product, its development and production processes, seeking to identify possible inadequacies based on a case study. Regarding the methodological procedures, this research is characterized as exploratory, bibliographical, documentary and as a case study. The instrument for data collection was a field observation along with a semi structured interview with individuals who are in direct contact with the development and production of luxury fashion apparel products, using as a case study a renowned luxury fashion brand located in the west borough of city. What has been gathered is that there is a difference between the parameters of what is luxury fashion for national and international consumers and that somehow, outsourcing influences the quality of the final luxury fashion apparel product in Brazil

No description available.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to critically examine the marketing strategy and marketing communication within a luxury fashion SME, the case of Mary Katrantzou. Methodology: This report has been conducted in a qualitative approach and six employees at the case study company have been interviewed. Three of the respondents are a part of the marketing department at the company, two are a part of the sales department and one member of the ecommerce team was interviewed. Moreover the interview approach was semi-structured interviews, and one on one interviews were conducted as well as written ones. Due to the access in the company the written interviews could be followed up by additional questions. Findings: Mary Katrantzou works with the appropriate traditional tools for luxury fashion brands, apart from advertisement, as well as working with the digital channels most suitable. Accordingly the theory a cohesive brand identity is vital when it comes to luxury fashion firms, and the findings in this area showed that the company does not have a coherent brand identity that permeates the whole organization. Instead the opinions of the six respondents differed. Moreover the empirical findings showed that collaborating with other companies could increase brand awareness. Conclusion: Mary Katrantzou’s marketing strategy is, accordingly the theory collected, in line with how luxury fashion brands should work with marketing. For the future however the company could invest in one more traditional tool in the form of advertisement. Figuring out the true brand identity of the company is also of importance. Moreover collaborations have according to this study the ability to increase brand awareness and should therefore be of interest to research further in the near future. Value/originality: The intimate access in the case study company in this report should be of high interest due to its rareness. From the inside examined fashion luxury brands are seldom researched, which adds value and originality to this study. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

We want to identify the factors of how to maintain a luxury fashion brand. To do this, we have to find what characterizes a real luxury brand. We want to go into depth and find the underlying and often invisible aspects within a luxury brand. The characteristics of a luxury brand are that the majority has their production in-house and provide high quality, made by an experienced and eccentric designer. The luxury brands have a distinct and clear image and identity. The brands are available in both stores and online shops and their offered products are in the high price sector. To maintain a luxury brand, the involvement and control of fabric, production and quality is essential. The designer must maintain the right appearance, image and identity in every step of the business. Moreover, a combination of different marketing channels is good to use, as it is a way to reach a large amount of people. If the luxury company decides to use social media, the engagement is vital. Regarding the distribution channels, a luxury brand should have an online shop and regular stores. Yet, it is important that the price reflect the products value. / Program: Magisterutbildning i Fashion Management